CONNECTION DISK DRIVE CONTROLLERS K ZX=SPECTRUM (C) 2000 SasHulya/SmasH Hackers Band -------------------------------------------------------------- In the countries of the former CCCP, disk standards cucteuy for ZX-Spectruu has become a Beta Disk Interface controller phyries Technology Research. Over the years that have passed since uouehta appeared development of the first domestic version of this controller, their orpouhoe quantity was created. Almost every region had developed its own. I must say that it was not created variety u cauux computers. Lack of a standard for systems The same connectors (both computer and controller), incomplete its implementation or absence at all made the connection controllers are quite troublesome tasks, requiring at least bepxhocthoro knowledge of the basics of digital technology u yenuya keep in soldering iron in hands. Connecting the controllerboils down to contacts The controller connectors were connected to the same kohtaktau cucteuhoro connectors of the computer that are connected, in their I refer to the output of the Z8O processor (in the absence of cucteuhoro di- ея - voltage to the processor pin), that is, address A1O on The controller connector was connected by wire to kohtaktou at the There is a computer that is connected to the address A1O Z8O. Uexclusive These consist of ROM blocking signals and those critical to operation port controller, hanpuuep keunctoh joystick, which are not always output to the system connectors. Their connections are described below. tion. The controller and computer require power from one source. ka food. The drive is powered by a separate power supply, but not advisable. In different versions of ZCh-Spectruu, different amounts of quality uukpocxeu ROM (usually no more than two) depending on their volume. All of them have the 2O pin - the choice of crystal, and the 22nd - permission input. One of these conclusions is reached by you: ROM boards, and the other is connected to the Zeila. Sometimes for sampling Both of these outputs are used. Reading from ROM occurs when presence of lowlogical levels simultaneously on both outputs duh. The presence of a logical unit on at least one of them blocks - flashes the ROM. This is necessary when connecting a disk drive controller. yes. For this purpose, the controller contains a blocking signal. If The controller contains its own ROM, then this signal is usually uueet high active level, that is, when assessed to disk drive controller npuhuuaet level of logical unit. In in all other cases it is either zero or high pedance state, that is, equivalent to not connected anywhere - houy signal. If the controller does not have its own ROM usually it's the other way around. This was done with the expectation that in the first In any case, when connecting the controller, the system will be blocked. hobhoe computer ROM, and secondly - all the information necessary - The information required for the controller to operate will be read from the ROM and copied ra. However, in this case, you will first have to download it to ROM bolus eukoctu. Signals with low active levels are usually indicated in black that above their names, and in this case there will be a hundred before huuu This is a slash. --x-- - circuit break. Paccuotpuu various options for blocking the computer ROMcontrollers with ROM and blocking signals are active in the unit. If one of the main ROM pins is connected to the pro- water, then I’ll just apply “zeil” to him, not by force, but by the resistance resistor is 1 kOi, and the blocking signal is I will connect the controller to this output and the circuitry is not possible rare. Cuotpu figure 1. ROM block ROM-+20(22)| +-x-+------+/CS(/OE) -+- ║ 1 kOhm| -+- +--------- Fig. 1 If both of the described ones are used to sample the ROM of the computer above the output, then you need to combine any of the sample signals u blocking signal according to the logical ULU circuit, that is, the output signal Borki will pass to the corresponding ROM output until the signal The lock value is not equal to logical one. For this, into the gap one of the sampling signals can be turned on unused element and microcircuit LL1, if there is one (cuotpu Figure 2a), or I’ll do it as shown in Figure 2b.ROM 56О Oi ROM 2О(22)| +-===-+2O(22)| /select-+--x--+-+/CS(/OE) /select-+--x--+------+/CS(/OE) |+---+| | | | ++1 ++ +--------- block. ROM-+>+-+ +-------- block ROM-+-+LL1| KDS22 | +---+ a) b) -+- Fig. 2 In those ZCh-Spectruu variants where two circuits are installed ROM, for locking, the sampling signal is used, which goes to both circuits. Connection is made via one of diagrams of Figure 2. The following are recommendations for connecting controllers without ROM. Blocking signal uueet low active level. To begin with, you will need to download the ROM of the computer. In ZCh-Spectruu 48 for this I also use uukpocxeuy 27256, in zero the bank of which is recorded TR-DOS, and the first one is SOS-48. If in two 2764 chips were installed on the computer, then a new ROM installed on uecto one offormer ones. On the 26th leg it feeds - This is the signal of the A13 processor and it should not participate in the variation of the ROM sampling signal. In npotubhou case in cxeuy foriuro- When selecting buecto A13, connect the common wire or +5V, in depending on which ROM the new uukpoc is installed heia, zero or first, respectively. Pin 27 is supplied blocking signal from the controller board u +5V through resistor 1 kOi. When one chip is identified, 27128 identifications are related to only to pin 27. If a subsequent expansion of RAM to 128 KB is planned, then it’s better to use uukpocxeuy 27512 with Pentagon firmware 128. In this case, everything is similar to connecting the microcircuit 27256, with the only difference that +5V is supplied to pin 27, and blocking signal u +5V through a 1 kO resistor and connected to 1 leg. If for some reason there is no possibility of getting the ROM computer, then in this case you will have to install additional caliber with TR-DOS firmware as shown in Figure 3. 27128 +---------+A0-10+A0 D0+11-D0 A1--9+A1 D1+12-D1 A2--8+A2 D2+13-D2 A3--7+A3 D3+15-D3 A4--6+A4 D4+16-D4 A5--5+A5 D5+17-D5 A6--4+A6 D6+18-D6 A7--3+A7 D7+19-D7 A8-25+A8 | A9-24+A9 | A10-21+A10 | A11-23+A11 | A12--2+A12 | A13-26+A13 | +5V-27+/PGM | /блок. ПЗУ-20+/CS | +22+/ОЕ | | +---------+ +--------------------------+ +---+ +---+ | /RD-+1 +---+1 +-+ /MREQ-+ЛЛ1| +-+ЛЛ1| +---+ | +---+ +---+ | A14-+1 +-+ A15-+ЛЛ1| +---+ Рис. 3 When the time comes, it's time for you to see it I'm sorry, I'm in the middle of nowhere - More videos. And so onfor easy connection to ZCh-Spectruu 48 with two uukpocxeuauu 2764. Blocking signal in this case connects to 27 legs and both uukpocxeu, which are desirable I will pull it up to +5V through a 1 kOi resistor. When connecting to another version of the computer will probably have to I will invert the blocking signal to any one that is free invertuyutsei elemente. After which the connection is made one of the methods described above. To reduce the load on the processor bus, especially if it is not buffered, it is possible to remove the ROM from the controller ditch in which it is installed and connection methods specified ROM of the computer and the microcircuit of the eukoctu. The truth is that Most likely you will have to invert the blocking signal. Also if the drive controller on the data bus has a buffer of type APB, then pin 19 of this microcircuit will have to be released and filed signal /IORQ from Z8O to it. And when connecting such methods to ZCh-Spectruu 128 it is advisable to do the following: in the signal gap - ok, let's go to pin 27 of microcircuit 27512, turn on the element circuitry of LL1 by applying a blocking signal to its second input with high active levels. So there is a signal, inverse then, which which is fed to 1 leg 27512. Cuotpu figure 4. No need I bettwo resistors, on 1 u 27 pins, I’ll put enough where the voltage signal comes from the controller, and after in- there is no need to install it. 27512 27| -+--x--+---+A14 |+---+| 1| ++1 ++ +-+A15 block ROM -+-+LL1| | | ║ +---+ | +--------- -+- +-═══-+5V /block ROM-+ Fig. 4 Provided the drive controller is working properly, the rules connection of all signals, corresponding signals and process pa, disk drive and locking signal, one of those described above Methods, the computer must go into TR-DOS. If this is not the case happens - check the power supply and the correct connections of all signals. When the system splash screen finally appears, you need to I'll insert the disk into the drive and try to work with it. If If this is possible, then the connection is completed. In npotubhou case on the screen will display the message No disk, which indicates a conflict those controllers with noptou keunctoh joystick. To avoid this happened inThe controller usually has a blocking signal routing of critical ports. It is active at logic one. Uhor- yes, there is no such signal in the controller u then for blocking When you move the joystick, the ROM lock signal is used. If the sky As it happens, it is inverted. The connection is shown in Figure 5. It is allowed to include modification in the signal break /IORQ, udyce- only for decoding the joystick port, the rest is the same as shown in Figure 5. KDS22 block j.(block ROM)-+>+-+ | 56O Oi |2О+-===-+ /IORQ+--+-x--+-/IORQ to computer | | ---------+ +-/IORQ to controller Z8О Fig. 5 Sometimes the joystick lock signal in the connection controller works with /IORQ, in this case it can be simply submitted buecto /IORQ in cxeuy decrypts the port keunctoha. However, we do not recommendThis can be done if the controller is not connected to “haueptbo”, but to cut the system connectors, since in this case, disconnecting controller, keunctoh joystick will stop working. U last problem that may arise when connecting controller to ZCh-Spectruu 128. Controllers designed to connect to ZCh-Spectruu 48, after resetting the computer immediately switch the computer to TR-DOS mode. In computers with 128 kb RAM this leads to the fact that pages are selected at the same time ROM with TR-DOS and SOS-128. At best, this will lead to very I'll take a long time to reset. To prevent this from happening, you need to set it to controller or switch to a position in which pou calling TR-DOS is only possible from BASIC. Sometimes it's not preciotreno. In this case, you need to find on the controller board uukpocxeuy LA2 u is its input, which is not connected anywhere, or connected to +5V, or connected to other inputs. In recent In two cases I will release it and connect it to the 27th leg of the ROM. If modification was made from Figure 4, then to the appropriate input do LL1. In general, the ROM bank selection signal with SOS-128 (well- lei) u SOS-48 (unit). This is the fourth bit of the configuration port ZCh-Spectruu 128 #7FFD. I'll take it from the exit and TM9, on which it is assembled, to correspondencewhose entrance D4 processor signal is connected. The most common designations for the blocking signal ROM: ROM CS, /DOS, /-BETA, /SEL J (SEL J); blocking signal critical to the operation of the port controller: Inp.Lock, IORQGE, +BETA, SEL J. List of materials used: 1. Larchenko A., Rodionov N. ZCh Spectruu u TR-DOS for users u nporpauuuctob. - St. Petersburg: Uzd. "Peter", 1994. - 472 pp. 2. Instructions for connecting the Beta-Mini Plus controller to Sinclair type computer (ZЧ-Spectruu). 3. Instructions for connecting the RAM expansion card ZCh-Spect- gii up to 128k "Blesser". 4. Getianets V. M. Expansion of RAM "ZЧ-SPECTRUM 48K"//RadioA- uatop. - 1994. - N1. - P.6-7. 5. Neuo. Drive controller for computer KAU-256//Radi- for an amateur. - 1995. - N3. -C.6-8. 6. Cxeua drive controller "Rainbow 636-2" for ZCh-SPEKT- RUM of Soviet computers: “Charyukov”, “Leningrad-2”, “Kras- Nodar", "Robik" and others.7. Technology Research & Alex Krupp. Disk Controller "Beta" 128" & ZH Lprint 3. 8. Bezzubtsev A. S. Expansion of the Leningrad-1 network to 128k//ZCh-Review. - 1994. - N4. - C.3O-31. ----- CONNECTING CGA MONITORS TO SPECTRUM Getting an image on the uohutopa screen is quite simple. To do this, you just need to connect the uohutopa inputs with the corresponding corresponds to the signals in the computer. Everything in this regard shenuu with uohutopauu, uieutsuiu analog inputs, since when connection, the same signals are used as when connection to the TV. The situation is more complicated with uohutopauu y whose inputs are digital. They are shown separately with lowercase u frame synchronization u brightness signal. U this is not all. On the screen of such uohutopob highlighted with bright black color u ink looks like grey, which is not the caseshould. First io- I might think that this is even better, but the point is that cnektpyu was originally designed to work with televisions, on which the black color is not bright enough, that’s why I wrote about it with this in mind. Now, let's look at the color sprite on against a black background, gray squares will be visible, similar to squares very often you will see and just on black background. It is necessary to note that the yellow color is not highlighted brightly The suit will be brown, but that’s not even bad. Paccuotpuu in more detail connecting such uohutopob to computers Pentagon 128 and Scorpion ZS-256 model 1993. Similarly, I can also connect uohutop u to any other option. that Cnektpyua. Below is the wiring of a standard CGA uohuto- ra. 1 - Shield (optional); 2 - Ground (zeil); 3 - Red (red); 4 - Green (green); 5 - Blue (blue); 6 - Intensity (brightness); 7 - Reserved (notin use); 8 - Horizontal Sync (linear synchronization); 9 - Vertical Sync (frame synchronization). If there is no grounding contact in the electrical network, then the grounding blows pressure on the first output of the connector. In domestic versions of uohutopob there is no such hard standard for the type of connector used and its wiring, therefore It’s better to check the location of the signals on its connector using the pass- port If uohutop is purchased secondhand, as often happens, then In this case, below are the wiring diagrams of the two most common expected types of domestic uohutopob. "Electron" VD1205.01 2.043.02STY: 1 - Horizontal Sync; 2 - Ground; 3 - Vertical Sync; 4 - Blue; 5 - Green; 6 - Red; 7 - Ground;8 - Intensivity; 9 - Reserved; ... 15 - Reserved. "Электроника": 1 - Reserved; 2 - Horisontal Sync; 3 - Reserved; 4 - Reserved; 5 - Vertical Sync; 6 - Ground; 7 - Ground; 8 - Ground; 9 - Reserved; 1О - Reserved; 11 - Intensivity; 12 - Reserved; 13 - Red; 14 - Green; 15 - Blue.From the Pentagon, signals are supplied from the corresponding contacts connector CR1, from Scorpio - Control Port, or directly with uukpocxeu on computer boards. Cuotpu table 1. Table 1. Signals on the connectors of computer boards. +-----+------------------+--------------------+ | Signal | Pentagon 128 | Scorpion ZS-256 | +--------------------+------------------+--------------------+ | Red | B17 CR1 | 29A Control Port | | Green | B19 CR1 | 29V Control Port | | Blue | B18 CR1 | CALL Control Port | | intensity | 9 D47 | 9 D42 | | Horizontal Sync | 8 D7 | 24A Control Port | | Vertical Sync | 8 D5 | 23A Control Port | +--------------------+------------------+--------------------+ Bhuuahue! In some versions of the Pentagon circuit, additional price error with the arrangement of colors on connector PR1. Compare with tab- Lyceum 1.When all signals are correctly connected to uohutope, the the image appears. If it twitches or sits, then it will come- I either buffer or invert one or both signals la synchronization. When connecting a standard CGA uohutopa, in the Pentagon I had to buffer line synchronization, and in Scorpio I will invert the personnel. When connected to the Pentagon uohutopa "Electron" VD12O5.O1 2.O43.O25TY Horisontal Sync had to be supplied with 9D7, otherwise the image was too narrow horizontally. Neither buffered Vatya, I didn’t have to invert anything. When I'm done with the connection, I'll start working on bright black suit. I will solve this problem using hardware turning off the brightness of this color, which is what the diagram in Figure 1 does. +---+ +---+ +---+ +----- atrO -+1 +-+1 +-+& ++ 9| D47 atr1-+LL1|++LL1|++LU1|| -+(D42) +---+|+---+|+---+|1О| atr2 -+ ++--x--+--+ atrb -+|+---+х11| +---+ +---+++& ++--+ atrZ -+1 +-+1 +-+LU1| | atrCh -+LL1|++LL1| +---+ +---+|+---+ atpS -+ Fig. 1. Cxeua hardware black brightness shutdown. It is advisable to use microcircuits of the 1533 series. In parentheses on The figure is designated uukpocxeua according to the Scorpio diagram. --x-- - times- Break of the printed conductor on the computer board. ATRO signals - atrb are taken from the corresponding uukpocxeu pins on the boards computers in accordance with Table 2. Table 2. Correspondence of signals from the diagram in Figure 1. +------------------+--------------------+--------------------+ | Signal | Pentagon 128 | Scorpion ZS-256 |+------------------+--------------------+--------------------+ | atrO | 2 D4O | 14 D33 | | atr1 | 5 D4O | 15 D33 | | atr2 | 6 D4O | 15 D34 | | atrZ | 9 D4O | 14 D34 | | atrCh | 12 D4O | 12 D34 | | atpS | 15 D4O | 13 D34 | | atrb | 16 D4O | 12 D33 | +------------------+--------------------+--------------------+ The remaining free elements and circuits LU1 are used I use it for buffering. Sometimes when Scorpio is connected to on the right side of the screen there were running stripes one pixel u is a sign wide. I'll remove it and pick it up - dice every 5 D5 u "zeiles". In conclusion, we must argue that this option is eliminated The implementation of the effect described above is not very simple. Other options can be found in electronic publications ZCh-Pilot 3O and Fantou 3. Uh- information about connecting various types of uohutopob also I'll also look at Op-Line 56 and 59. -------- СТАНДАРТЫ ПОДКЛЮЧЕНИЙ -------------------------------------------------------------- Стандартный набор -------------------------- TV JOYSTIK ТАРЕ POWER +--+--------+ +--+-------+ +--+-------+ +--+-------+ |СН| | |СН| +5V | |СН| GND | |СН| | | 7| GREEN | | 7| GND | | 5| RIGHT | | 5| -12V | | 6| RED | | 6| +5V | | 4| T_IN | | 4| -5V | | 5| блк.рк | | 5| UP | | 3| LEFT | | 3| +5V | | 4| SOUND | | 4| DOWN | | 2| GND | | 2| GND | | 3| BLUE | | 3| RIGHT | | 1| T_OUT | | 1| +12V | | 2| GND | | 2| FIRE | +--+-------+ +--+-------+ | 1| VIDEO | | 1| LEFT | +--+--------+ +--+-------+ монитор ------- разъем 9pin внешний +-+--------+ |1| GND | |2| GND | |3| RED | |4| GREEN | |5| BLUE | |6| BRIGHT | |7| VIDEO | |8| V (КСИ)| |9| Н (ССИ)| +-+--------+ разъем 10pin внутренний на плате кoипюютера - штырюкu, на шлейфе к внешнеиy разъеиy - ответная частю +--+--------+ | 1| GND| all signals have | 2| GND | TTL level (taken directly | 3| RED | from microcircuits) | 4| GREEN | | 5| BLUE | | 6| BRIGHT | | 7| VIDEO | | 8| V (KSI)| | 9| N (SSI)| |10| +12V | - for PAL/SECAM encoder and +-------+--------+ modulator connector for remote keyboard 25pin ------------------------------------------------------ 1 A15 14 GND 2 A14 15 RES/ 3 A8 16 D4 4 A13 17 D3 5 A12 18 D2 6 A9 19 D1 7 A10 20 D0 8 A11 21 removed 9 deleted 22 UP 10 +5V 23 DOWN 11 RDKB/ 24 LEFT 12 SOUND 25 RIGHT 13 FIRE A "pa-" is connected to the computer board pa" (with pins), it is necessary to remove pour 9 and 21pin so you can Insert 15pin connector to standard 40-pin Cherry keyboard. RDKB/ - keyboard reading strobe. SOUND - sound, TTL level for tweeter, like the one in ROBIK UP, DOWN, LEFT, RIGHT, FIRE - KEMPSTON for the Robik keyboard, as well as will allow you to place the connector under connecting KEMPSTON to a remote keyboard. 9pin mouse connector -------------------------------- 1 GND 6 vertical 0 2 middle button 7 vertical 1 3 right button 8 Horizontal 0 4 left button 9 Horizontal 1 5 +5V
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