Soft Group - Printing 42 characters per line, turboloader from the "RAGE" demo, window drawing procedure.

   (c) 1998 Eraser/Fast Gr./Elders Gr.

 Thinking out loud or introduction

   When opening this section, I assumed
first of all, to provide assistance in mastering
mash. code for beginners and more experienced coders
ram. Some coders, and most likely lame-
The people who look like coders will protest:
“Well, why! It’s written everywhere!” Whatever
strange, but most people think that the influx
novice coders are over, and there will be
wrong. There is an influx, but only with less
force, and many who have not even yet
dealt with Speck, they are leaving him for the PC
precisely because they are faced with
the aforementioned lamers who do not
understand and do not try to help
help, and sometimes even push them away.
   But let's return to the section... It was at first
designed for beginners, but will
probably useful and more or less sophisticated
experienced programmers.
   I want to immediately make a reservation about
assemblers. They are all different, of course.
i.e. each of them has its own merits and
its disadvantages:

*GENS 4;
* ZEUS;
* ALASM;
* ZXASM;
* XAS;
* STORM;
* MASM and others that I have not “used”.

   The sixth and eighth numbers of the "clubs" were
compiled in ALASM 3.8c, which some
people throw mud at him, but what do they care?
It makes a difference what someone writes on (maybe envy?).
Of course, the listing is given in
ALASM mnemonics.
   On this note I will end my statements
about this section and will proceed to
overview of procedures:

       Print 42 characters per line.

   For high-quality design of your
programs for a good scroller
fast printing of 42 characters required
line.  I give several options
print:

;
; Matyushev Alexander
; Slantsy, 1996
; from
; ZX-Review 4-5`1996
;
; Input: the text begins with the TEXT address
; Output: text printing
; Comment: support for control codes:
; print in familiarity X,Y: 22,X,Y
; color printing:
; 16, INK+PAPER*8+BRIGHT*64+FLASH*128,
; having inserted this code (16) procedure
; will put the next number in
; variable ATTR_T (23695)
; and set temporary
;print attributes

        ORG 25000; start of the program
        LD HL,TEXT
WRITE LD A,(XTXT)
        CP 42
        JR C,WR2
        LD A,(YTXT)
        INC A
        CP 24
        JR C,WR1
        XOR A
WR1 LD (YTXT),A
        XOR A
        LD(XTXT),A
WR2 LD A,(HL)
        INC HL
        AND A
        RET Z
        CP 32
        JR C,WRIT2
WRIT1 CALL PRSYM
        JR WRITE
WRIT2 CP 16
        JR NZ,WRITЗ
        LD A,(HL)
        LD (23695),A
        INC HL
        JR WR2
WRITЗ CP 22
        JR NZ,WRITCH
        LD A,(HL)
        LD (YTXT),A
        INC HL
        LD A,(HL)
        LD(XTXT),A
        INC HL
        JR WRITE
WRITCH LD A,"?"
        JR WRIT1
PRSYM EXX
        PUSH HL
        LD L,A
        LD H,0ADD HL,HL
        ADD HL,HL
        ADD HL,HL
        LD DE, FONT-256; шрифт
        ADD HL,DE
        PUSH HL
        CHECK LD DE,(XTXT)
        LD A,E
        ADD A,A
        LD E,A
        ADD A,A
        ADD A,E
        LD E,255
        LD L,8
CHPL1   INC E
        SUB L
        JR NC,CHPL1
        ADD A,L
        LD H,A
        LD A,L
        SUB H
        LD (SL1-1),A
        LD (SL2-1),A
ADDRZ   LD A,D
        AND #18
        ADD A,#40
        LD H,A
        LD A,D
        AND 7
        RRCA
        RRCA
        RRCA
        ADD A,E
        LD L,A
        PUSH HL
AADDR   LD A,H
        RRCA
        RRCA
        RRCA
        AND #03
        OR #58
        LD H,A
ATTR    LD A,(23695)
        LD (HL),A
        POP HL
        POP DE
        LD C,8;           *
SCRL    LD A,(DE)
        LD B,0
SL1     SRL (HL)
        DJNZ SL1
        AND A
        LD B,0
SL2     RL A
        RL (HL)
        DJNZ SL2
        INC HL
        LD (HL),A
        DEC HL
        INC H
        INC DE
        DEC C
        JR NZ,SCRL
FINIS   LD HL,XTXT
        INC (HL)
        POP HL
        EXX
        RET
XTXT    DEFB 0
YTXT    DEFB 0
TEXT    DEFM "Speccy - Rulez"
        DEFB 0; конец текста

FONT INCBIN "font"; здесь загрузить
                  ;           шрифт

   Длина  чистого  кода  175  байт;  старт
процедуры 25000, но  можно  изменить  и на
другой.


   Если  использоватьcharacter set
6 pixels wide, pressed to the left
upper corner of the familiar place, then you need
change the line marked with an asterisk to
LD C,6.
   This printing procedure works very well
slow, but takes up fewer bytes. Her
most advantageous to use where
you have to type small messages,
but no more.

   Here is the second version of the print 42 characters
in the line that was applied in ZXC#6:

;
; Especially for Cluba readers
;
; Input: in DE the address of the text. Ex. code <13>
; corresponds to the end of the text, i.e. output
; from the procedure
; Output: text printing
; Comment: support for ex. codes, as in
; previous procedure
;

       ORG 25000
       LD DE,TXT
       CALL PRINT
       RET
       TXT DEFB 22,1,9,16,1
       DEFB "ELDERS GROUP`1998", 13
PRINT LD A,(DE)
       INC DE
       CP 13
       RET ZCP 16
       JR Z,COLOR
       CP 22
       JR Z,AT
       CALL rst
       JR PRINT
COLOR  LD A,(DE)
       LD (PERЗ),A
NEXT   INC DE
       JR PRINT
AT     LD A,(DE)
       LD (PERЧ),A
       INC DE
       LD A,(DE)
       LD (PER2),A
       JR NEXT
CV     LD A,L
       LD B,A
       SRL A
       SRL A
       LD C,A
       ADC A,C
       ADD A,C
       LD L,A
       LD A,H
       AND 7
       RRCA
       RRCA
       RRCA
       ADD A,L
       LD L,A
       LD A,H
       AND 24
       OR 64
       LD H,A
       PUSH HL
       LD A,B
       AND 3
       ADD A,A
       LD L, A
       LD H,0
       LD BC,PER1
       ADD HL,BC
       LD C,(HL)
       INC HL
       LD B,(HL)
       POP HL
       RET
CVV    PUSH HL
       PUSH DE
       PUSH BC
       EX DE,HL
       LD L,A
       LD H,0
       ADD HL,HL
       ADD HL,HL
       ADD HL,HL
       LD BC,FONT-256; шрифт
       ADD HL,BC
       EX DE,HL
       CALL CV
       EXX
       LD B,8
CVP    EXX
       LD A,(DE)
       BIT 7,B
       JR NZ,MUK
       RRCA
       RRCA
       BIT 0,C
       JR NZ,MUK
       RRCA
       RRCA
       BIT 3,B
       JR NZ,MUK
       RRCA
       RRCA
MUK    EXX
       LD C,A
       EXX
       BIT 0,C
       JR NZ,MUK2
       LD A,B
       CPL
       AND (HL)
       LD (HL),A
       EXX
       LD A,C
       EXX
       AND B
       OR (HL)
       LD (HL),A
       BIT 7,B
       JR NZ,MUKЗ
MUK2   INC LLD A,C
       CPL
       AND (HL)
       LD (HL),A
       EXX
       LD A,C
       EXX
       AND C
       OR (HL)
       LD (HL),A
       DEC L
MUKЗ   INC H
       INC DE
       EXX
       DJNZ CVP
       EXX
       LD A,H
       SUB 8
       AND 24
       RRCA
       RRCA
       RRCA
       OR 88
       LD H,A
       LD A,(PERЗ)
       BIT 0,C
       JR NZ,MUKЧ
       LD (HL),A
       BIT 7,B
       JR NZ,MUKS
MUKЧ   INC L
       LD (HL),A
MUKS   POP BC
       POP DE
       POP HL
       RET
ZXCLUB EXX
       LD A,(DE)
       INC DE
       LD H,0
       LD L,A
       ADD HL,HL
       ADD HL,HL
       ADD HL,HL
       ADD HL,BC
       PUSH HL
       EXX
       DJNZ ZXCLUB
       EXX
       POP HL
       EXX
       POP BC
       POP DE
       POP HL
       EXX
       PUSH DE
       LD B,8
LOOP   EXX
       LD A,(DE)
       INC DE
       EXX
       RLCA
       RLCA
       LD D,A
       AND 3
       EXX
       OR (HL)
       INC HL
       LD (IX+0),A
       INC LX
       LD A,(BC)
       INC BC
       EXX
       RRCA
       RRCA
       RRCA
       RRCA
       LD C,A
       AND 15
       LD E,A
       LD A,D
       AND 240
       OR E
       LD (IX+0),A
       LD A,LX
       LD D,A
       AND 31
       CP 31
       JR Z,BOL
       INC LX
       LD A,C
       AND 192
       LD C,A
       LD A,(HL)
       INC HL
       RRCA
       RRCA
       OR C
       LD (IX+0),A
       LDD,LX
       DEC LX
BOL DEC LX
       INC HX
       DJNZ LOOP
       LD A,HX
       SUB 8
       LD HX,A
       INC D
       LD LX,D
       POP DE
       POP B.C.
       RET
rst PUSH AF
       PUSH HL
       LD HL,(PER2)
       CALL CVV
       INC L
       LD A,L
       CP 42
       JR C,HORIZ
       LD L,0
       INC H
       LD A,H
       CP 24
       JR C,HORIZ
       LD H,0
HORIZ LD (PER2),HL
       POP HL
       POP AF
       RET

PER1 DEFB #00,#FC
       DEFB #F0,#03
       DEFB #C0,#0F,#3F
       DEFB #00,#00
PER2 DEFB #11,#16
PERЗ DEFB #00,#00
PERCH EQU $ - 3
       DEFS 6
FONT INCBIN "font"; download here
                    ;           font

   Now let me introduce
turbo driver that was ripped out of the demo
"RAGE". His advantage is enough
fast loading speed, considering that
that the procedure itself “weighs” more than 90
byit. This driver is used in many
demos (RAGE, SčB, OPERA...)

;
; HL - download address
; DE - track/sector
; B - number of sectors to load
;
; Output:
; loading data into memory without processing
; errors and exit, of course
;
ORG 24576

; Example of using the procedure

       LD A,(23830); transfer the current one
       AND 3; floppy drive from TR-DOS to
       LD(DISK),A; turbo loader
                  ; although it wouldn't hurt
                  ; take advantage
                  ; first function
                  ; TR-DOS
       LD HL,16384; download address
       LD DE,0000; from which track and sector
       LD B,27; how many sectors
       CALL LOADT; calling the procedure itself
       RET

; The turbo loader itself

LOADT PUSH BC
       LD C,D
       SRL C
       LD A,44
       JR C,PEREH
       LD A,60
PEREH OR 0
DISK EQU $- 1
       LD IX,8179; OUT(255),A
       CALL DOS
       LD A,C
       LD C,127
       LD IX,10835; OUT(C),A
       CALL DOS
       LD A,24
       LD IX,12227; OUT(31),A
       CALL DOS
       POP B.C.
       PUSH DE
       PUSH BC
       LD IX,12059
       CALL DOS
       POP B.C.
       POP DE
       INC E
       INC H
       BIT 4,E
       JR NZ,SLED
       DJNZ LOADT
       RET
SLED INC D
       LD E,0
       DJNZ LOADT
       RET
DOS PUSH IX; calling procedures from TR-DOS
       JP 15663

P.S. In the next issue of the magazine you will be able
find beautiful windowsprocedures;)

(c) Predator/Fast Group

   I completely agree with Eraserom. I yes-
leko is not an assembler monster in itself
I know that I have a lot of good ideas
beginners are overwhelmed by everything they know
machine code barrier.  And up to 90
percent is not knowing how to formalize
program even at a primitive level, like
organize at least some kind of interface
with the user. Therefore this section
simply necessary. Famous publications (ZX-
Format, for example), they began to publish
on the topic "Assembler for Beginners", and
why are we worse?  Is it really in the glorious city?
Are there any coders in Barnaul? They (good
and not very much) there are, but there are few of them, and new ones
The tributaries are really invisible.

   Well, on my own behalf I want to add mine
favorite windows from the cool book "How to
write a game in assembler. Issue 2"
(in case someone doesn’t have it) and the printing procedure
text messages, similar procedure
8252 from ROM, but working every 10 times
faster. Since the symbol seal has been redone
I chose the option using a stack,
then the procedure works every 12-15
faster, which is especially noticeable when walking
chat large volumes of texts. If you, uva-
Dear beginners, have you seen my programs?
(ZX<>BMP converter, Disk Copy), then they could
observe these procedures in action. Voz-
maybe the programs will seem monotonous
decorated, but allthe beauty of these little ones
certain procedures is that they ARE, just simple
valuable workers and do not require any
modifications for a specific program. Osta-
All that remains is to include "window.
a" and draw as many windows as needed
but. By the way, I took the option selector from ZX-
Club #5.

   So, the window procedure builds the color -
new window of the required size in the given size
ordinates, and the window is bordered and away from
casts a shadow.

window inc (ix)
        inc(ix+1)
        ld a,(ix+4)
        push af
        ld(ix+4),1
        call setw
        dec (ix)
        dec(ix+1)
        pop af
        ld(ix+4),a
        call clsw
        call setw
        call box
        ret

setw ld de,#5800
        ld b,(ix+3)
        ld c,(ix+2)
        ld a,(ix+1)
        ld l,a
        ld h,0
        add hl,hl
        add hl,hl
        add hl,hl
        add hl,hl
        add hl,hl
        add hl,de
        ld a,l
        add a,(ix)
        ld l,a
        ld a,(ix+4)
setw1 push bc
        push hl
setw2 ld (hl),a
        inc hl
        dec c
        jr nz,setw2
        pop hl
        pop bc
        ld de,32
        add hl,de
        djnz setw1
        ret

;---------------------------------------

clsw ld b,(ix+3)
        ld c,(ix+2)
        ld a,(ix+1)
clsw1 push af
        push bc
        push de
        call 3742
        pop de
        ld a,l
        add a,(ix)
        ld l,ald b,8
clsw2   push hl
        push bc
        ld b,c
clswЗ   ld (hl),0
        inc hl
        djnz clswЗ
        pop bc
        pop hl
        inc h
        djnz clsw2
        pop bc
        pop af
        inc a
        djnz clsw1
        ret

;---------------------------------------

box     ld a,(ix+1)
        push af
        call 3742
        ld a,l
        add a,(ix)
        ld l,a
        ld b,(ix+2)
box1    ld (hl),255
        inc hl
        djnz box1
        ld b,(ix+3)
        pop af
box2    push af
        push bc
        call 3742
        ld a,l
        add a,(ix)
        ld l,a
        ld b,8
boxЗ    push hl
        ld a,(hl)
        or 128
        ld (hl),a
        ld a,(ix+2)
        add a,l
        dec a
        ld l,a
        ld a,(hl)
        or 1
        ld (hl),a
        pop hl
        inc h
        djnz boxЗ
        pop bc
        pop af
        inc a
        djnz box2
        dec h
        ld b,(ix+2)
boxЧ    ld (hl),255
        inc hl
        djnz boxЧ
        ret

   Пример использования окошек:

       ld ix,winO
       call window
       ret
winO   db 10,0,5,6,1*8+0

   Первыйthe parameter specifies X, the second Y,
next is the width and height of the window, and the last one
parameter - window attributes that are calculated
are calculated according to the formula: ink + 8 * paper + 64 *
bright + 128 * flash.

   And now the procedure for printing a message. B
in the HL register you need to specify the message address. In
at the end of the message you must put
0. The procedure fully understands the control
The most common ones are: 22, X,Y -
where to display the text; 16, INK - color
text; 17, PAPER - paper color; 18, flag
(0 or 1) - FLASH;  19,flag - BRIGHT;  20,
flag - INVERSE; 21,flag - OVER.  Procedure
does not require redefinition of the output channel,
i.e. LD A,2:CALL 5633 is no longer required.


write ld a,(hl)
        inc hl
        and a
        ret z
        cp " "
        jr c,write2
write1 call prsym
        jr write
write2 push hl
        push bc
        ld hl,table
        ldc,a
writeЗ ld a,(hl)
        inc hl
        and a
        jr z,writeS
        cp c
        jr z,write
        inc hl
        inc hl
        jr writeЗ
writeH pop bc
        ld a,(hl)
        inc hl
        ld h,(hl)
        ld l,a
        ex(sp),hl
        ret
writeS pop bc
        pop hl
        ld a,"?"
        jr write1
pr_13 push hl
        ld hl,(23684)
        ld a,l
        and %11100000
        add a,#20
        ld l,a
        jr nz,pr13_1
        ld a,h
        add a,8
        ld h,a
        cp #58
        jr c,pr13_1ld h,#40
pr13_1  ld (23684),hl
        pop hl
        jr write
pr_16   ld a,(hl)
        and %111
        push bc
        ld b,%11111000
pr16_1  ld c,a
        ld a,(iy+85)
        and b
        or c
        ld (iy+85),a
pr16_2  pop bc
        inc hl
        jr write
pr_17   ld a,(hl)
        and %111
        rlca
        rlca
        rlca
        push bc
        ld b,%11000111
        jr pr16_1
pr_18   ld a,(hl)
        and 1
        push bc
        ld b,%10111111
pr18_1  rrca
        jr pr16_1
pr_19   ld a,(hl)
        and 1
        push bc
        ld b,%10111111
        rrca
        jr pr18_1
pr_20   ld a,(hl)
        and 1
        push bc
        ld b,%11110111
        rlca
        rlca
pr20_1  rlca
        ld c,a
        ld a,(iy+87)
        and b
        or c
        ld (iy+87),a
        jr pr16_2
pr_21 ld a,(hl)
        and 1
        push bc
        ld b,%11111101
        jr pr20_1
pr_22   ld a,(hl)
        cp 24
        jr nc,outscr
        inc hl
        push de
        push hl
        call 3742
        pop de
        ld a,(de)
        cp 32
        jr nc,outscr
        inc de
        add a,l
        ld l,a
        ld (23684),hl
        pop hl
        ex de,hl
        jp write
putscr  rst 8
        db 4
prsym   push bc
        push de
        push hl
        ld l,a
        ld h,0
        add hl,hl
        add hl,hl
        add hl,hl
        ld de,(23606)
        add hl,de
        ld de,(23684)
        ex de,hl
        push hl
        ld b,8
prs1    ld a,(de)
        bit 3,(iy+87)
        jr z,prs2
        cpl
prs2    bit 1,(iy+87)
        jr z,prsЗ
        xor (hl)
prsЗ
;--------------------------------------
        ld (st2),de
        ld (st1),sp
        ld sp,#0000
st2     equ $-2
        pop de
        ld (hl),e
        inc h
        ld (hl),d
        inc h
        pop de
        ld (hl),e
        inc h
        ld (hl),d
        inc h
        pop de
        ld (hl),e
        inc h
        ld (hl),d
        inc h
        pop de
        ld (hl),e
        inc h
        ld (hl),d
        inc h
        ld sp,(st1)
;--------------------------------------
        pop hl
        push hl
        ld a,h  
        and #18
        rrca
        rrca
        rrca
        add a,#58
        ld h,a
        ld a,(23695)
        ld (hl),a
        pop hl
        inc l
        jr nz,prsЧ
        ld a,h
        add a,8
        ld h,a
        cp #58
        jr c,prsЧ
        ld h,#40
prsЧ    ld (23684),hl
        pop hl
        pop de
        pop bc
        ret
table
        db 13
        dw pr_13
        db 16
        dw pr_16
        db 17
        dw pr_17
        db 18
        dw pr_18
        db 19
        dw pr_19
        db 20
        dw pr_20
        db 21
        dw pr_21
        db 22
        dw pr_22
        db 0
st1     dw 0

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