Soft - description of the C programming language for the ZX Spectrum from Hisoft.

 Having finished with the description of Pascal, let's move on
to C.                                  
                                        
 The implementation of C on the Spectrum is very special.
is digital and has one big drawback:
it does not implement floating arithmetic
comma, which prevents wide
using C when creating programs. 
 However, the flip side of this was
significant increase in operating speed
programs created in C. Program for
C works 10-15 times faster than program
we are on BASIC performing similar
actions.  So if you don't feel like it
tinker with assembler, then you can
you can use Hisoft C, practically
without losing any speed at all.     
 For special fans of C there is
library float, implementing in C operating
floating point radios.  I won't
provide descriptions of C libraries here,
since everyone can download them
and see the comments. I will only give
necessary information regarding functions
standard libraries stdio.h and
stdio.lib.                              
                                        
 After loading the compiler, the system re-
goes into modecompilation.  In this
mode, you can enter a program and, on-
Press SS+I to compile it. After com-
pilation, if there are no errors, you will be offered
launch it by pressing the "Y" key. I bring
example from the system software reference book
Rammam:                                 
                                        
 main()                                 
 {                                      
 printf("First program");               
 };                                     
                         
 TYPE Y TO RUN                          
                            
 First program                          
 TURE Y TO RUN                          
                                        
 But this set option is only suitable
for small test programs, for
for large programs there is a string
editor, the transition to which is carried out
This is done by successively pressing  EDIT  and
ENTER.                                  
 As was already said at the beginning of the article,
editors of differentHisoft products
practically no different from each other,
so I won't talk about it here
typing and editing the program, only
I will dwell on the features of command C.   
 The C compilation command translates the system
into the compilation mode described above.  For
transferring text from the editor to the buffer
compiler you need to type #include and on-
press . The text will be moved to 
buffer, and pressing SS+I  will cause compilation
tion of the program.                          
                                        
 Reserved words in C:          
                                        
AUTO ELSE LONG TYPEDEF 
BREAK ENTRY REGISTER UNION   
CASE EXTERN RETURN UNSIGNED
CHARE FLOAT SHORT WHILE   
CONTINUE FOR SIZEOF DEFAULT 
GOTO STATIC DO IF      
STRUCT FORTRAN DOUBLE INT     
SWITCH ASM INLINE CAST    
                                        
 As mentioned above, the compiler
does not support floating point operations
fifth, therefore, although corresponding
words andreserved, compiler with
doesn't work with them.                       
                                        
 Now a few words about unloading from
sawed program to disk. For you-
loading the program in compilation mode
ra before #include type #translate
, and your program will be unloaded
on.  However, after unloading the compiler
will be reset.                              
 A few words must be said about the special
fike commands inline for C.  Argument
of this command - an arbitrary expression,
which during compilation will transform
encoded into machine code, with the first ar-
gument will give 1 byte of code, and everything that follows will
yushchie - 2 bytes.                         
                                        
 Example:                            
                                        
 cls()                                  
 {                                      
 inline(0xcd,0xd68);                    
 }                                      
                                        
 Another difference between Hisoft C and the basic one
language is the presence of classes.  Unfortunately-
no, noit is quite clear how to use them
vat, although any variable is associated with
by your class. Those interested can try
deal with this phenomenon.            
                                        
Well, at the end there is a list of compiler errors:
                                        
 0. No character                  
 1. Unknown data type              
 2. Error in character constant       
 3. Invalid preprocessor directive   
 4. Macro buffer is full                
 5. Incorrect macro definition    
 6. The macro should not have parameters   
 7. Unable to open file             
 8. The included file contains the directive  
    include another file             
 9. WHILE required                     
 10. No loop or switch        
 11.No cycle                          
 12. no switch                  
 13. Too many CASEs                 
 14. More than one DEFAULT             
 15. Missing label in GOTO           
 16. Reuse of identification
     ficator                           
 17. Incorrect use of directive
     you are a preprocessor                   
 18.Name table overflow          
 19. Too many types                
 20.Double type declaration            
 21.Double class declaration          
 22.Global table overflow
     names                               
 23. Too many global variables
 24. Double declaration                 
25. Local name table overflow
 26. Variable not mentioned in the list
     parameters                         
 27. Undefined variable          
 28. Invalid value in the RETURN command
 29. An array of functions is used         
 30. Expression too complex          
 31. Expression too complex          
 32.Invalid operation argument     
 33.Invalid operand type          
 34. Non-l-expression used        
 35. Structure fields not defined       
 36. Primary expression is missing    
 37. Variable not declared            
 38.Type name required                 
 39. Requires a constantexpression    
 40.Missing function name            
 41. Incorrect use of 3-array
     gum operator               
 42. The receiver must be an l-expression  
 43. Incorrect use of 3-array
     gum operator               
 44.Pointer required                
 45. Invalid parameter type             
 46. Unknown data type             
 47. It is impossible to use this opera-
     torus                                
 48. Incorrect declaration            
 49. Error in the ad                
 51. Double declaration of attribute        
 52. Structure declaration used
     to function                         
 53. The structure contains itself       
 54. Error in declaration                
 55. Required ) in the function declaration   
 56. Incorrect parameter format
     functions                            
 57.Unknown function result type 
 60. Not enough memory                  
 61. Incorrect assignment of initial
     data                             
 62. Incorrect assignment          
 61. Incorrect assignment of initial
     data                             
 62. Incorrect assignment          
 63. Incorrect assignment          
 64. Too much initial data     
                                        
 In the C standard librarystdio.lib
provides the ability to work with graphics
fics at the level of BASIC capabilities.
Therefore, theoretically, you can write in Cprograms that use graphics.        
 At the very end of the article I must say,
that, although in high-level languages it is not
there are possibilities to work with dis-
extensive memory, I have met before
library for C gam128.h, support-
working with memory banks.            
                                        
 R.S. According to ARTY (leader of the DI group
GITAL REALITY), RST7began creating
I'm learning my C for Spectrum.