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Insanity #04
18 декабря 1999 |
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Hard-a - Midi interface device.
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| MIDI INTERFACE |
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■ Dr.Dismal ^ lfg
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What is MIDI?
Anyone who has tried to build on their own
sequencer (English Sequence - sequence)
for a musical instrument or to interconnect
a variety of tools, from their own experience
understood the need for a uniform standard
the transfer of musical information.
Quite recently there have been many
types of electromagnetic radiation, so differ from one
from the other circuitry to that of any of their
docking there could be no question. Sometimes, though,
managed to string together the tools and
sequencers manufactured by one company, but it is not
always satisfy all the demands of musicians.
Attempts to unify a number of tools in
single network, managed as one entity,
led to the creation of digital monsters
and the interface block with the tools were
sometimes complicated instruments themselves. Such systems
occupied entire rooms and constantly in need of
repair.
Now all these problems of musicians and
Designers EMR with the advent in 1982
one way 'communication' between an EMR -
Musical Instrument Digital Interface -
MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital English
Interface) in the past.
In computing interface - is
system of unified communications and signals,
by which devices or programs
communicate with each other. The interface is based on
the interface between two systems, devices or
programs. Usually you can spend a similar section
between the score and conductor, conductor and
musician, as well as between the musician and
tool. In each pair is a given and
performing devices. In the computer the same music
function of the conductor carries a sequencer, a memory
which as a set of numbers stored score,
a function of the musician in the orchestra - performing
part of the EMI, the game simulates an instrument for
command sequencer.
Score MIDI-score
Conductor Sequencer
Performing Musician
part
Tool
Zvukogeneriruyuschaya
part
Sound
Amplifying
Student speaker
apparatus
Sound
Listener
What can MIDI?
The introduction of standard MIDI led to the development
new technology of computer music,
through which the musician alone and with
using simple tools available has
ability to manage multiple synthesizers
blocks of sound processing, mixers,
tape recorders. Select this music
equipment can be from an extensive range of
devices manufactured by different companies, and
not at all worried about their compatibility with each
with one another.
The simplest - is to connect two MIDI-
synthesizer keyboards to the keyboard of one
of them could play both instruments
simultaneously. Useful in this case
timbre instruments are different, and
play on two keyboards simultaneously
always convenient.
Much greater opportunities will connect
sequencer to the EMR. In this case, all actions
musician during the game, including changing
the switches, knobs on the front
panel, the sequencer remembers in his memory, and
will play later in the same sequence.
Using a record with the overlay, you can enter in
Memory sequencer complex musical
works that are not available for execution in
alone. often to connect a sequencer
Several EMR and muzykanye parties for different
EMI recorded separately by
only the keyboard.
The principle of connecting blocks of sound processing,
mixers and other apparatry similar, only
'Play' they are not using the keyboard, and
using the buttons switches and knobs
regulators. Information about sostyanii all organs
management as tools and equipment
perdaetsya via MIDI same type of way, so
All of Sound Director - mixing,
control effects - are recorded along with
musical score and synchronously with it.
In concert practice MIDI is used for
unified management of all the synths and other
devices with multiple keyboards and
sequencers mounted on the stage. Otherwise,
musician is simply not enough hands and time to
quickly reconfigure all sounds instrumntov.
Often use pre-recorded in memory
Sequencing batch of some tools
such as rhythmic accompaniment. At this
framework imposed executable 'live'
solos - and it all sounds like a real
orchestra, but with a conductor, musician and
by producer rolled into one. First, of course, such a
work style was keyboard player for them
followed by drummers and guitarists.
MIDI has a distinct boundary
application, but this does not diminish its
universality. The fact that the interface
sent only the information about the actions
Executive and no information about the proper
sound. The same information is passed on
Different MIDI synthesizer that can lead to
quite different effects. Occurs so
because from the point of view of the interface of any
tool - a black box with pass
outside government. And what happens to
sound within it - is inaccessible to the MIDI
information.
So, the task interface is to transfer
Information on the Performing Device -
keyboards, control panels, sequencers and
other governments, which
affects the musician during the game - to
zvukogeneriruyuschim and processing devices.
If, for acoustic instruments division by
performing and zvukogeneriruyuschuyu parts can be
to purely conventional - with the exception of
Is that the keyboards, and analog
instruments are highly isolated - that in
modern digital keyboard instruments and
actual sound synthesis are serviced
separate and often different electronic
devices. All impact on the musician
controls EMR transmitted through the interface
sound synthesis, which may be different
way to perceive these commands. On a
keyboard, connect the MIDI-equipped
synthesizers of various types, including
simultaneously.
MIDI 'inside'
Rocker EMR that contains in one housing
keyboard and a synthesizer sound, has 3 sockets
interface.
MIDI IN - input of the synthesizer sound, from which
synthesizer receives information from external
Performing devices such as external
keyboards.
MIDI THRU - out of transit, is immediately transmits
data received on the input MIDI IN, serves to
connecting devices in the chain. In this case,
all instruments receive the same commands as
one master device, in this case
sequencer.
MIDI OUT - output which receives commands from the
built-in keyboard and other information
produced by inside the instrument.
MIDI THRU
·············· ················ Sound
MIDI IN · · output
Receiver Synthesizer>
· Sound ·
· · MIDI OUT
·>
·
·
·
· EMR ·
· Keyboard ·
································
MIDI OUT MIDI IN
° ∙ · · ∙ ■ Sound
° ∙ · · ∙ ■ Output
Keyboard EMR>
MIDI MIDI
Sound
MIDI OUT THRU THRU MIDI IN output
° ∙ · IN IN °°°°°>
° ∙ · ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ \
> EMI1 EMI2
<■ ■
Sequencer Mixer
The electronic part of MIDI - a standard
asynchronous serial interface with
rate of 31.25 kbps, with one stop bit and no
parity. Transfer bytes
spent 320 ms. Thus, the throughput
MIDI channel capacity is 3.125 Kbytes in
second. Electrical connection device
by means of the shapers of type
'Current loop' Isolated
optocouplers on the receiving end. The absence of current
sotvetstvuet as a logical unit, current
value of 5mA - logic zero.
S-logic 1 start bit
S 1 0 11 0 11 0 E E-stop bit
logic 0
> - <32mks
320mks
<>
Standardized and connector interface - is
5-pin connector type NL-5
involved contacts 5.4 and 2. MIDI cable
should be made a twisted pair of wires of length
no more than 15 meters in the shielding.
____ ■ √ √ √ √ ■ ____
/ 5 4 / / 5 4 /
/ ∙ ∙ \ / ∙ ∙ \
2 ■ √ √ √ √ ■ 2
\ ∙ / \ ∙ /
\ ____/ \ ____/
X1 X2
Here's one way to connect size sockets
interface to the transceiver chip
K580VV51. Please note that the reception
part is completely electrically isolated from the
transmission, and the common wire is connected to razemu
only at the transmitter end. These measures
prevent penetration of noise into sound
outputs interconnected tools.
DD2.1 DD3.1 X1 MIDI OUT
DD1 ____
1 3 1 2 R1 5 / ° ° \ 4 R2 +5 V
'O 1 o 2 °>
200 \ __ _ / 200
2
TXD
19
5 ____ 4 MIDI IN
/ ° ° \
DD1 K580VV51A X2 2 ° R3 100
DD2 555LA3 \ ____/
DD3 555LN5 Vd1 D220
>
__
RXD / <\
3 2 1 U1
+5 V ^ 4 <3 AOD101A
\ __ /
R4 1K
__ VT1
/ \ \ R6 51K
\
KT3102V
September 4 6 5 6 R5 °
'O' o 1o \ __ _ / MIDI THRU
10 8 200
5
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