Spectrofon #17 01 февраля 1996

Железо

Designer - the problems associated with the port # FD, and also questions rassshireniya RAM up to 512 kb and the implementation of the pseudo-ROM.

          DESIGNER


(C) Kirill Gromov CHUNG Software (FFC)


          SOME CONSIDERATIONS

           ON PORT # FD



    I was very pleased the emergence of a new column "DESIGNER" 
in "SPECTROFON", it right, it is correct. And now my

considerations to the authors of articles on the port # FD. 
First, a bit of criticism: DO DO NOT "CUSTOMIZED" COMPUTER 
Soldering K PROGRAM! Simply do the opposite. Understandably, 
this does not apply to special program that is compatible with 
the company SPECCY - a sacred thing! But I think someone 
Honichu easier to change a couple of masks in source code of 
its "HONEY COMMANDERA", than a lot of people climb into their 
"PROS" and 

"Scorpio" with a soldering iron, preoccupied with obsessive 
thoughts open to the RAM disk 412Kb.



    And now actually on the port # FD. Indeed, addressing the 
problem of incomplete is quite sharp. In "Profiles" button is 
ON / OFF, but what if you want to work in STS, and 
simultaneously manage megabyte of memory? Output is fairly 
simple, but it has certain nuances which will be discussed 
below (see diagram at end of article). 


    This scheme gives allows easy
use the command OUT (# FD), A to switch pages port # 7FFD, while
without causing a "trigger" port # DFFD.


               Disadvantages:


    1) If the A is located at # DF, then the result is obvious.


    2) Since the port # FD clever economists
is also used for programming the music.
processor (such as digitizing type
BLAVA 128), the result of this manipulation will be sufficient 
placheven. 


    But I personally think that the minimal scheme as a whole 
compensates for these shortcomings, at least 128 SHOCK and STS 
work well with pressed button ON / OFF. 


    If fully decode the port
# DFFD, then the situation with the number # DF in the battery 
can not be avoided, and an extra body on the the board will 
stand. In this same scheme is used only one additional element 
of "I", which can be found on the board. 


    I think in the "Scorpion" is not the case
much more difficult, but that let it hurts
head of its creators.



    Programmers and hackers, I would have proposed to amend the 
existing program of changes to their work on all types of 
extended memory, and how to do it describe specific programs 
and send "SPECTROFON". I think it would put an end to the cries 
of the type "BA-A-A-A-CK! Bring your 100-watt soldering iron! 
I'm on the 'Profiles' in 'Converter' 512 kilobytes not plow! "



        LE1 LI1
ADR1 a 'C_CMR1 (# DFFD)
ADR13 o

____ LE1
IORQ 1
__ O 0
WR


        LE1 LA3
ADR1 a 'C_CMR0 (# 7FFD)
ADR15 o o


   The control circuit configuration port.

        LE1 LI1
ADR1 a 'C_CMR1 (# DFFD)
ADR13 o



            LI1


             '
ADR15

____ LE1
IORQ 1
__ O 0
WR


        LE1 LA3
ADR1 a 'C_CMR0 (# 7FFD)
ADR15 o o


   The minimum possible scheme changes.


        I wish you success!


                  *- S-*
(C) VM Getmanets (V.M.G.)
310022, Kharkov-22, PO Box 10899


              CPEKTRUM ALIVE!



                Strike while the "iron" is hot.


   Rumors of the death of an old man SPECCY were greatly 
exaggerated. Occupying a vacant niche between not very 
expensive gaming consoles and cumbersome clerical IBM, he 
continues to be one of the the most popular home computers in 
the CIS.



   However, many no longer satisfies the material part (or 
simply "metal") this computer. As Sir Clive Sinclair, perhaps, 
have long been forgotten, even a scheme of his favorite 
creation, then strike when the iron began to numerous local 
"lefties" to which the author modestly classifies and 
themselves. 

   Article includes descriptions of several
schemes developed by the author and his supporters in Ukraine. 
These schemes are not Only long-tested, but had already

become the de facto standard for large
number of users. These include: expanding RAM
up to 512K, AY-MOUSE, ZX-COVOX, psevdoPZU.


   The author has also developed, tested and
introduced other improvements to SPECCY:
TURBO-7MHz, Kempston Mouse, ADC, 7 additional graficheskih 
rezhima (attribute to bytes, two points to its color; increase 
the horizontal resolution and the same for vertically, and 
their combination; switch - port # FE), register on the palette 
4096 colors, video and audio accelerator (DMA + hardware "AND" 
and "OR"), an emulator music synthesizer available in

PC AMIGA. If you are interested in
users, any of these schemes can
be brought to their attention. All schemes
but the last two consist of a minimum number of elements (3-4). 
You also can find the author's scheme ZX-videodigitayzera in 
Kiev "Radioamator" N10 for 1995



       1. Expandable memory up to 512 K.



   The problem itself is not particularly
technical difficulties, the main point here -
find a good address port expansion. K
Unfortunately, the standards proposed
"ATM-turbo", "PROFI" and "Scorpion" were unsuccessful for 
various reasons: it and difficult to explain from a logical 
point vision, disturbance of the normal work of a significant 
number of existing programs and, most importantly, the 
complexity in hardware implementation in the form of an 
external revision. 


   In the end, developers have found
elegant solution to the problem - the use of
two bits of the expansion port RAM to
128K (# 7FFD). Such a standard, in particular,
supported by some versions of the IS-DOS,
programs "CONVER COMMANDER V3.2" and
"Jemmini COMMANDER". To ensure compatibility of all existing 
standards encouraged to use pre-testing and tuning the 
configuration of the port expansion. 


   Chip revision can be soldered in
available in the computer on the attached chart.


   All Products - Series 1533 or 555.
KP12 can be replaced by KP2. Both lines
565 RU5 must be replaced by 565 RU7. In
"Pentagon 128" signal A9 'is served instead of the A9 at the 
multiplexer DD18. To ensure proper regeneration to address 
multiplexers (KP11) swap: B15 and A35, A10 and A34. Instead B14 
serve "the land". S_TM9 can take from 13 to O DD64, and AV_KP11 
from the 6 th output DD63. 



   Designations are given under the "Pentagon
128 ", since it is this version of the" Spectrum "
without prior arrangement has become the most popular and 
requires minimal effort for installation of 512K RAM. 


   Owners of the "Leningrad" and "Leningrad 2, have already 
been refined to 128K, below are the appropriate changes. 


   LENINGRAD 2. A9 'serve instead of A10 on
DD16. Instead B14 signals generated on the available free cell 
LI1 in V2 and inverted H2. A9 instead serve to refine the A10 
from the CPU. Instead of C14-RAS served from 5 DD2, instead of 
C23-H1 served from 12 DD1. Signals AB_KP11 and C_TM9 take from 
the board improvements to 128 K. Instead V2 4 DD14 in your 
computer is "earth". 


   LENINGRAD 1. A9 'filed with A8 3
DD15. As B14 using the signal from the
Conclusion 4 DD19, but instead a signal at 3
DD18 serve "the land". Vmesto A9 A8 serve to refine the 
processor, instead of C14-RAS 9-DD2, and instead of C23-H1 with 
2 DD34. Signals AB_KP11 and C_TM9 find the board revision to 
128 K. 


   SETTING. Practice shows that when
Installation RU7 with the letters "B", "AND", "K" and
best adjustment is not required. Microchips
other letters may be necessary to increase the number of 
containers for food or supply capacity of 47 ... 240 pF between 
"Earth" and the signal-RAS. RU7-e heat is much stronger than 
RU5, especially in the "Pentagon" - this should not scare you

although the measures to the maximum possible ventilation to 
take them can not hurt. 


   New memory page located at
same address the RAM as the old, and their switching is 
performed by two senior bits of the system port # 7FFD (before 
completion, these bits are not used). Revised conflict with 
existing programs have not yet been observed, but in a pinch 
you can disable the switch ON / OFF. 


             2. PSEUDO-ROM.



   Meaning refinement is substituted for ROM software and 
affordable way to RAM chips - from one to 537 PN10 two 537 
RU17. In addition, the revision allows for the inclusion of 
software and Disable TURBO.



   Again, lucky owners of "Pentagon" -
these computers revision is made
with a few wires and install chip 537 instead of 573 p ^ 2 PN10
(And which so many can not install).


   Initially, refinement was meant for a comfortable hacking 
and debugging programs and are interested in the limited circle 
of users. However, the idea used in the program COBRA-soft, can 
revive interest in the completion of all holders SPECCY. The 
idea is to place the player COVOX pseudo-ROM. In this mode 
TURBO playback speed is close to 30 K / s, which provides sound 
quality of digital music, comparable to the AMIGA. 


   If you're not a big fan of computer music, you can specify 
other application improvements: significant (up to 2 times) 
speeding up the work routines, including graphics, hacking 
games with the return of the original program on the ground 
breaking, the use of CP / M; create and debug their own 
versions of SOS, DOS and the printer driver; correction 
procedures "magic"; direct appeal to the 1818 VG93, software 
initialization turbo etc. 


   If you do not "Pentagon", the first
possible to make revision "ZX-COVOX", and
then add to it the attached map,
using untapped element TM2.



   The scheme has sequentially numbered elements of the scheme 
ZX-COVOX. 


   The signals from the processor Z80 marked
in the usual way. If you do not have the regime
"TURBO", then the diode can not install;
If you do not want the scheme "COVOX", then the signal at the 
11 th D2.2 conclusion can be formed for 2 remaining unused 
elements LL1 (-IORQ +-RD + A2). Signal BLOCK_ROM used to lock 
the main ROM computer - it connects to found 20 or 22 ROM (if 
they are not instituted to ground, the old signal and BLOCK_ROM 
should pass through the element LL1). 


       What to do in the "Pentagon".


   Put 537 instead of 573 PN10 p ^ 2. Create a 21 second output 
signal 537 PN10-WR with processor instead of +5 V. Create a 
signal with 8-th output D67 mode is enabled

"TURBO" (if any). Create a signal processor-IORQ and-NMI, 
respectively on pins 2 and 10 D65 D67 instead of the existing

signals. Include revision submission "land" on a D65.


   Integrated circuit 537 differs from 537 RU17
PN10 only by the number of addresses. You can install it in the 
socket 573 p ^ 2, and to draw conclusions free signal wires. 
When installing two RU17 (16 K) on their 22-e output 
signal-MREQ should be sent via free elements LL1, respectively 
together with the A13 and-A13. 


   PROGRAMMING. Substitution of RAM, 537
PN10's address space ROM occurs when the read command from the 
port with the address 251 (# FB), or (if the switch position) 
by pressing Button "magic". In the second case, while the 
transition occurs at 102 (# 66). To return to the ROM in any 
case to execute the read-out

Port 123 (# 7B). Because volume of 537 PN10 is only 2 K, then 
its content is repeated 8 times in a row in the first 16-K 
address space. When you use the pseudo-ROM is automatically 
initialized mode "TURBO" (if any) that can be used to program 
Turbo. 


   Team IN A, (251) sewn into the ROM "BASIC
48K "in sub-processing commands
LLIST, LPRINT and COPY. Address entry points
can be calculated independently. More
interest is the entry point to address 102 (# 66). With this 
address, you can add your own treatment program Non-maskable 
interrupt for the break-in and debug any program. 


   If the program is placed in
Pseudo-ROM contains a transition to address
15616, etc., then the drive controller is initialized with all 
the ports in 1818 VG93. It can be used to write their own 
procedures for disc. 

   When you select commands from the pseudo-ROM is not
conflicts with the video controller of the processor.
Therefore, all placed there team in the mode TURBO performed in 
exactly 2 times faster. This allows us to significantly 
accelerate execution of programs by placing the slowest 
routines in the pseudo-ROM. 


   To save the information in 537 PN 10
after a power outage, you can do
refinement, similar AON'ovskoy.