Competition - competition for the best Intro.

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*        INTROMANIA !          *
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 (C) LVV  from Black Eagle Co.  
                                
Введение.                       
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Хотите узнать самый спорный во- 
прос из жизни фанатиков SPECCY ?
Этот вопрос вызывает множество  
споров,которые время от времени 
вылезают в свет со страниц(вер- 
нее экранов) различных компьюте-
рных журналов.                  
Last sentence, I tell you   
a little intrigued? And what- 
still a question?       
It is simple and trivial like everything else  
in this world: Do we need INTRO ?     
   (In our lives)      
Here question of questions !!!      
The answer is just as simple, but   
this is just my opinion, maybe  
you will not agree with him (but then- 
yes, that's your problem), but what if
If you agree, then read further
and you will learn something interesting 
(or maybe you already knew this?)My opinion is this:              
-Yes,INTRO are needed! But in INTRO    
two rules must be followed 
very easy to remember:    
                                
RULE N1.                     
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Turn off INTROshould momentarily
directly by pressing the "SPACE" key
or some other key.
(It’s very unpleasant to load INTRO
and want to load the game by clicking on
 SPACE and sit and wait until INTRO
 will deign to download the program.)
                                
RULE N2.                     
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INTRO in packaged form should
take up as little space as possible 
on disk. But inthe packaging area
no need to be too zealous 
the unpacking program must be
fast enough, andthen unpack- 
very "cool" packer
can last a minute!     
(Although you won't gain in memory     
more than a hundred bytes!)             
                                
The most the main thing, if you remember 
these two easy rules, then you    
you can be 90% sure that 
your INTRO will last a long time.    
There are some individuals who can
lo cutINTRO and leave   
only the program itself (than
keep the author until white heat    
unsuccessful INTR)              
                                
CHAPTER 1 "SOURCE OF INFORMATION".  
------- -------------------    
Well, of course, in INTRO the most important
other than that, this is the Source of Information.   
This may be a certain amount
marquee or original  
outputting text on the screen (by the way, in  
lately this is a favorite 
type INTROy many encoders.)    
So, for the source of information
there are also certain conditions 
when executedsuccess    
guaranteed!                  
               
CONDITION 1.                      
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If the source of information is
there is a running line, then it should- 
needs to be readable. (Let's say     
a person reads slowly, but the text is
line rushes with speed     
missiles?)                
The most convenient option is    
change scrolling speed, from
minimum to maximum.    
If the ticker flies down 
and up some tricky  
trajectories, then it (row) should
do not do this too quickly.(From fast flying lines, start- 
no headache!)          
                                
OUTPUT 1.                 
--------                        
                                
If the creeping line is difficult to read,
So, then 50% of what to read  
they won’t, and that’s why it stops
no be a source of information. 
(and this is already a complete mess)       
                                
CONDITION 2, but without output!       
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Well, this is most likely not a condition, but
hanytcbehhoe wish:         
Using more than one run- 
this line makes it difficult to read    
text. Eyes run wild
different parties and do not know where to go   
stop. And if you already      
you definitely want to make ten- 
current running lines, then you can use them
let one text; Or in one 
line is the most important, but in others 
short texts.              
                                
CONDITION 3, also without output.    
---------                       
This condition applies only to the method
Yes, a huge amount of output 
letters on the screen in a short period
the current of time, and most importantly, that 
those who saw him dropped their jaws
yes !                           
The most important thing, without forgetting
to hold text on the screensome time so that even the torus
brain reader was able to read it. 
Not forgetting about the key    
"ENTER" according to which the
page switching occurs.  
                                
CHAPTER 2 "BACKGROUND EFFECTS."      
------- ----------------       
                                
Here are the practical limitations
there are none, but there are two tiny ones  
wishes:                      
                                
WISH N1.                   
------------                   
All effects taken together are not
should make it difficult to read the text! 
                                
WISH N2.                   
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Making a huge amount of effect
who at the same time, think about   
that there are very slow ones    
machines, so out of 70,000 clock cycles  
processor, really calculate 
only at 65000.                
                              
The number of special effects is not     
limited, and the more there are   
screen, and at the same time  
better.                          
       
CHAPTER 3 "MUSICAL DESIGN"
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Here, everything is elementary, the better   
music, the more powerful the impact - 
smoldering does INTRO on the rest -  
nyh.                            
Maximum impression  
will produce INTROwith the author's
music (written by you or your
        familiar)               
Nowadays, although it is not customary to steal
There is music, but from time to time   
you have to do this because  
many lack talented people   
musicians and even just music -
ntov.                           
                                
CHAPTER 4 "MOST PHILOSOPHICAL."    
------- --------------------    
 I want to warn (or inform - 
set), what comes next     
text based on my personal    
experience and advice from others more 
experienced coders                 
(such as ALEX RAIDER from     
FLASH inc.(I talked to him     
only once, but the result   
this communication has become a powerful sca-  
a point of my professionalism, in    
increasing side of course!),  
ZH MASTER)   
For excellent INTR performance on   
most machines in any mode - 
me (48kb and 128kb) required    
use only one screen  
and of course only memory     
48kb machine. Test     
INTRO is best on a computer -  
max ZX-SILICON                  
(the slowest computer,     
after Dubna naturally!),    
if you haven't heard of this      
computer, then you are in luck, in    
Tomsk produced several of them   
years until the companies ran out   
'ULA' chips, but you can get new ones  
cannot. When such a computer  
tera is not at hand, then for tes-  
typing is best used - 
run PROFI with TURBO disabled 
mode. If your masterpiece is excellent -  
works perfectly on SILICONE and PROFI
, then on most machines it is like this 
will work well.       
So, the structure INTRO is approximately
is:                         
The first segment is completely static
naya graphics (name of the game, to co- 
whether this is done INTRO) or not 
high-speed text output, which 
is not affected by the beam.    
(more on this later).              
Second and Third Field Segments  
your activity.             
Why only two segments ?    
Everything is elementary, after the command   
"HALT", the computer begins to render
cobky screen from the top of the border.   
At this time you output the line 
sprites, stars on the screen         
(in the second and third segments, so
How do you have time until the beam   
there is a border and the first segment)  
As soon as the beam reaches the beginning
second segment, you include   
delay (music, and just empty 
cycle) and wait for the beam to pass  
to the end ; then quickly for- 
start cleaning procedures
ki, stars, sprites (laying on
time in one HALT) And what’s most
interesting, despite the fact that  
you erasedline from the screen, it   
will be drawn there until
until the screen is regenerated    
again.         
The most important thing about all these tricks  
the main thing is to fit it into one HALT.  
(In the original it is 70000 cycles, but
 on PENTAGON-128 about 71200 ; 
 on SILICONE-128 about 65700 ; 
 on PROFI about 69700 ) 
And if you don't invest though 
would be one clock cycle, the computer will start 
slow down, and pull the music.      
Here the question arises, how
find out where the ray is on the screen?    
My answer will be small    
procedure that you run  
you will see a black border and a white border   
a strip on it.                 
The beginning of the strip is the moment when  
the screen begins to regenerate, end
stripes are the moment of finding    
beam after delay.       
And I completely forgot an important property  
commandsHALT,by this command    
the computer is waiting for the regeneration to start - 
screen, and as soon as it is on- 
starts then it will start.      
(That is, by command HALT process-
 or stops and waits for the start
 la regeneration, as soon as it  
 starts, then the processor starts
works again.)              
Text below the program
prepared for TASM and for them - 
similar assemblers.             
Just type the program one by one 
one. (Comments can be omitted - 
 tit.)              
;PROGRAM N1: Indicative action
             your beam.         
ORG 40000 ;Start of prog. in memory
EI ;Interrupt Enable
HALT ;Waiting for the start of regeneration-
       ;screen functions.   
LD A,7 ;Border color - white   
OUT (254),A ;Send to port    
LD HL,0 ;|Delay procedure,
LD DE,0 ;|changing the number in the cells-
LD BC,2000 ;|you change 'BC' 
LDIR ;|delay time     
LD A,0 ;Border color is black  
OUT (254),A ;Sending color      
LD A,127 ;|Survey class. SPACE    
IN A,(254) ;|if it is pressed, then 
RRA ;|stop prog. and 
RET NC ;|log out    
JP 40000 ;Restarting the program
                                
Experimenting with the number in    
cell "BC" you will see that      
the height of the white stripe changes.
The length of the white stripe is time   
execute delay.            
                                
Now you have another one 
question:              
-And how to cram a lot of effects into
 one HALT ?                    
This is more complicated, but a little different
with some thought you can handle this too
task. In the future I will tell you
I think it's like a braking procedure 
make a super fast procedure.
But all this will be in the next issues. 
If you already have questions,
then you can write a letter, and     
read the answer to it in one 
from numbers.              
                                
 To be continued...
                01.10.96