Insanity #08 19 января 2001

Russian Lan Rules - Jam for writers and for writers: a list of the most common mistakes of the Russian language.

                  ... Great and mighty ...



    $% EA Nesterenko (Jam / XPJ), 2k


                                             - AAA-pchhi!

                                             - Cheers!

                                             - Thank you!

                                             - Please!

                                             - Not rude older!

                                             - Go on .. x!


                                                        
Anecdote. 


     What am I doing? Oh yeah, I remember: occurred to me 
suddenly (all events in life start with the word "suddenly") to 
become an editor computer magazine. A part-time - and a 
proofreader. No sooner said than done.



     It's been awhile.


     I realized a terrible truth: the Russian language is so 
"great and mighty, "which wisely use it, unfortunately, given 
away not all. And especially so-called "geek." (About "Fido and 
Internet grow," I generally keep quiet - there, as a school 
teacher used to say, "just quiet horror"). The reasons for such 
ignorance, not counting the above-mentioned difficulties the 
language itself, lie on the surface: if a person is given a 
well- "Exact" science, the humanities, as a rule, remain

overboard ...


     So, like sorting out a single age-old question -
"Who is to blame?" - I continued to correct texts. And once
suddenly (again that "suddenly"!) noticed that constantly 
reading the "shoddy" texts, he began to "lose style." I did not 
like, and I thought about another age-old question: "what to 
do? 


     The options were as follows:


     1) Stop reading fidoshnye ekhi and Spectrum magazines.


     Thought, of course, not the best (at least, about the 
Spectrum magazines). Too firmly entrenched that computer in my 
life. 


     2) Adjust the text of all spekovskih electronic edition
        tions himself.


     Also out. Firstly, it is unlikely I will be able to 
convince all "Zhurnaloizdateley" send me your materials for 
processing. A even if they will do it, I had neither the time

neither the strength prodelyvat such work.


     3) strengthening dilute "computer fiction" classic
literature.


     Little better. But, unfortunately, all my home library
has been repeatedly re-read and new books can not get
as often as desired.


     And suddenly (again!) I visited, if not genius, then,
Anyway, a smart idea: "And what if you write about all this
paper, and stamped it in our Esme? "


     No sooner said than done. Here it is, the article 
something to you. 


     Well, after this intro you can go to the main
parts, ie the main (in my opinion) the problems of language
illiteracy in the ranks spektrumistov. I beg your pardon,
if made following the truth to someone may seem trite, but
All these examples are drawn from those articles with which I 
had to face both as a proofreader, and as average reader ...



            List of most common errors


     I pre-omitting all punctuation and stylistic errors 
(because they are not so grossly conspicuous, and to fix them 
we would need a series of lectures) and will focus primarily on 
spelling. 


     1) verb forms.


     The mistake occurs most commonly: tsya-and-tsya in verbs. 
In basically it turns out that the soft sign is placed in those 
cases when it is just not needed.



     One can not make a mistake? Propose a simple and reliable 
way: before you write such a verb, try to ask a question:

"What to do?"


     Example 1: Should we put the "b" in the word "receive"? 
Verb used in the present tense, that is, to him pertinent 
question: "what is being done?" Because in a word, the question 
is no soft sign, then do not need it and the word "obtained".



     Example 2: the word "laugh". Verb in the infinitive form
ie question to him would be "what to do?" (can also be "that
to do? "- laugh, for example) so the" L "is posed.


     Here is pripletu another rule:-NIL-and shsya always be
write with a soft sign!


     2) solid and separate writing of words.


     The second most frequently used error. Here I am united
Several groups of errors.


     2.1), "Do not" with verbs.


     Everything is simple. Remember once and for all: "NO" to 
the verb WRITES SEPARATELY! Exceptions - when without the 
particle "no" verbs do not used. For example: hate.



     2.2) The particle "a".


     With the words "who" "what" "where" and others "that" 
writes always hyphenated.


     This also applies to "anything" (someone somewhere).


     2.3) "general" and "in general".


     From somewhere came a horrible hybrid: "in general". Such 
word NO! Approximate synonyms "in general": "in addition", 
"well," in principle, "etc. As for the" in general ", it can be 
replaced by "So," "thus", "generally", etc.



     * Can not fail to mention one more "popular" word -
"Pathology." The term "pathology" comes from the Greek "pathos",
therefore be written only through the "o": pathology, 
pathologist and etc. Words as "pathology" in general do not 
exist! 


     2.4) "Also" and "too".


     Often confusion occurs in the solid and separate writing 
"also" and "too". How to be here? Everything depends on the 
meaning of the phrase. If you mean "adding," we should write 
together. 


     Example 1: WELL, I took a sip of beer. And I do too. Here, 
"also" can be replaced, for example, "and even" or "addition".



     And if implies a comparison, the adverb and a particle
used separately.


     Example 2: I did the same as him. And he did the same
thing.


     3) "Not" and "no."


     The particle "not" is used for negation, and "no" - for 
the GAIN negation.


     Example 1: You're not alone.

     Example 2: Neither the one nor the other.


     4) "No" and "devil."


     The prefix "no" written in front of voiced consonants, and 
the "devil" - Before the deaf.


     Example 1: Carefree.

     Example 2: Immortal.

     Example 3: Headless - if separately, then the only "no"!


     Well, not bored? Then move on yet another group of errors. 
Perhaps these errors are only possible in an environment 
tortured English. This is similar-sounding words in both 
languages ​​that are written, however, in many ways. 


     5) Similar words.


     Example 1: coMMand - team

     Example 2: aMMunition - ammunition

     Example 3: aTTribute - attributes


     I could cite many more examples, but I gave
here only those errors that occur very frequently. If not
believe me, take any electronic edition, "poroytes" in it, and
bound to find at least one of the above errors.


     And yet. Try whenever possible to avoid phrases like 
"rulez", "Saks" or the like "pearls" (or at least replace them 
with synonyms). It's not that they clog it, just such "Tokens" 
you narrow your vocabulary to fit the known heroine of the 
novel "12 Chairs" ... Of course, I understand, "brevity - 
sister of talent, but one should know when to stop! "Especially 
if you write texts for electronic publications, which, in 
theory, should be model of literacy and a good style ...



     P.S. Dear "writers"! Do not get me wrong, I do not want to 
either make fun of someone or to show their own superiority, I 
just want to let all of us (I am the way, too) have learned to 
competently express their thoughts in their native language, 
not "korezha" it and not distorting. The purpose of this 
article - suggest to those who did not notice own mistakes. Do 
not poke the snout, namely prompt! That everything.



                               Regards, Jam / XPJ