+---- - - - - - CODES - - - - - ----+
ZX AND OTHER CUTS AT VOGDEG
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(C) NIKOLAY VITENKO AND DENIS TOKARCHUK YES... CURB EFFECTS ARE ALWAYS SOMETHING, OR RATHER SOMETHING,
CLOSED BEHIND THREE SEALED SECRETS. ANYWAY, FOR THE ORDINARY
A PERSON, AND SOMETIMES EVEN FOR A REGULAR CODER. FOR EXAMPLE, I (DSHT),
I WONDERED - WHY ARE THESE LEFT TEAMS IN THESE FIVE KILOMETERS?
LISTINGS?!? BUT BY TRIAL AND ERROR, AND ALSO WITH THE SUGGESTION OF THE GREAT
CURB CONQUERER (AS ALEX CALLS HIM) NIKOLAY VITENKO (VPP)
I GUESSED THAT THIS ENTIRE PIECE OF INACTIVES (AT FIRST
LOOK) TEAM IS STUNCHED EVERYWHERE JUST FOR DELAYS SO THAT EVERYTHING IS ON
THE CURB MATCHED POINT TO POINT... AND WHEN YOU DEAL WITH
WITH THE CURB AND, AS WE ALWAYS DO, YOU PLACE 'ON THE SHELVES' -
EVERYTHING BECOMES EASY, SIMPLE AND CLEAR AS GOD'S DAY. THIS IS EXACTLY THIS
WE WILL TRY TO DO THIS WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THIS ARTICLE.
AS YOU KNOW, ART ON THE CURB, WHATEVER THEY ARE
COMPLEX AND Tricky, THEY ARE MADE IN ALMOST THE SAME TYPE - IN
PORT #FESOME VALUE IS SENT (COLOR FROM O TO 7),
THERE IS A PAUSE, THEN A NEW VALUE IS WRITTEN,
THERE IS A PAUSE, ETC. WHY IS THIS? - ASK A QUESTION
BEGINNER CODER. YES BECAUSE THE CURB IS FAR FROM ORDINARY
THE SPECTRUM SCREEN AND IT CAN ONLY BE ACCESSED THROUGH THE PORT,
BY SUBMITTING JUST ONE VALUE AT A TIME. WHEN DRAWING A BORDER,
THE COMPUTER SEEMS TO GO TOP DOWN LEFT TO RIGHT AND FILL EVERYTHING
ON ITS PATH WITH A SPECIFIED COLOR. HOWEVER, SPECTRUM PROGRAMMERS
WE CUT THIS OUT AND MANAGED TO DO A LOT OF MUCH THINGS ON THE CURB, EVEN
BEFORE DRAWING SOME INSTRUCTIONS AND CREAKING LINES THERE.
ON THE CURB, 1 DELAY CYCLE IS EQUAL TO TWO SCREEN PIXELS. SO
SO THE MINIMUM GRAPHIC UNIT IN NORMAL (NOT
TURBO) MODE IS A 2H PIXEL LINE :(. LESS, K
SO GREATLY SORRY, IT CANNOT BE DONE (MINIMUM TEAM SPEED
DELIVERY TO PORT (ICU (S),P; ICU (#FE),A) = 12 CLOCKS, A 12*2=2H).
ONE LINE (BORDER) IS EQUAL TO 22 HOURS, THE VALUE OF WHICH IS ON
THERE ARE DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF SPECTRUM (THE ARE 21B AND 232 TACTS)...
IN ADDITION, THE NUMBER OF THESE LINES ON THE WHOLE SCREEN IS ALSO
VARY FROM ONE STANDARD TO ANOTHER (AT THE PENTAGON = Z2O
LINES).
FROM HERE IT BECOMES CLEAR THAT ANY CURB EFFECT DEPENDS
FIRST OF ALLFROM THE TEMPORARY CLOCK CHARACTERISTICS OF YOUR
COMPUTER. UNFORTUNATELY, IN THE POST-SOVIET COUNTRIES, THERE HAS BEEN INCREASED
A WHOLE BUNCH OF MODIFICATIONS OF THE SPECTRUM, DIFFERING TO VARYING DEGREES
FROM EACH OTHER, IN PARTICULAR AND THESE NOTORIOUS TEMPORARY
CHARACTERISTICS (IPT - TIME INTERVAL (CLOCK) FOR WHICH
THE WHOLE CURB IS OUTLINED (ALTHOUGH IT IS MORE CORRECT TO SAY A LITTLE
IT'S DIFFERENT, BUT WE HAVE AN ARTICLE ABOUT THE CURB...)). AND FOR LUCKY :),
ALREADY ACCEPTED AS A STANDARD, LIKE THE DEMO MACHINE - 'REPTAGOP 128' WITH ITS
LONG INT (71B8O BEATS). THIS IS THE COMPUTER WE WILL BE ON
GET ORIENTED, AND YOU ARE CODERS (BEGINNERS AND NOT SO MUCH
BEGINNERS) YOU CAN, I THINK, ADJUST THE EFFECT TO YOUR INT
COMP.
BUT WE WERE DISTRACTED. SO, HOW DOES OUR VPP MANAGE TO
DRAW SOMETHING (OR SOMETHING?) WITH SMOOTH TRANSITIONS, WITHOUT FEELING
'SQUARE'? VERY (OR NOT VERY VERY) SIMPLE! AT OUR RELATIVE
Z8О COMMANDS ARE NOT EQUAL IN EXECUTION SPEED - THERE ARE COMMANDS
There are 11 bars each, there are 8 bars each, there are 1O each, 1S each, 2Z each, ETC.
YOU HAVE PROBABLY STUDYED ARITHMETIC AT SCHOOL, AND YOU CAN TELL HOW
GET THE DIFFERENCE OF ONE. CORRECTLY, YOU NEED TO SUBTRACT. ON THE CURB
THE SITUATION IS SIMILAR! RAY (LET'S CALL THE 'GOING' LINE ON THE CURB
SO) IT GOES FROM LEFT TO RIGHT AND IT DOESN'T CARE WHAT YOU DO AND HOW YOU DO. HIS
GOAL IS TO COMPLETEBORDER. YOUR GOAL IS TO DO SOMETHING ON THE CURB.
THIS MEANS, WHATEVER TEAM YOU ARE, DO NOT PUT INTO YOUR PROGRAM BETWEEN
BY SENDING VALUES TO THE PORT, THIS WILL ONLY BE REFLECTED ON THE CURB
THE LENGTH OF THIS OR THAT LINE. KNOWING THIS, WE CAN CONCLUSION - BY DOING
THE DISTANCE BETWEEN LINES IS A DIFFERENT NUMBER OF CYCLES (POINTS),
YOU CAN EVEN ACHIEVE 'OVALITY' AND 'DARKING'. AND THIS
THE DISTANCE IS JUST MADE BY THESE UNEQUAL TEAMS!
I WILL GIVE A FEW EXAMPLES:
...
LD DE,#O7OO
LD S,#FE
MARK1
EI
HALT
ICU (C),E
...
ICU (C),D
ICU (C),E
ICU (C),D
PORICU (C),E
JP MARK1
WITH THIS NOT VERY BIG PROCEDURE WE WILL PLACE WHITE ON THE CURB
A LINE OF 2H PIXELS AND A LINE OF 32 PIXELS. ON SITE
THE FIRST THREE POINTS SHOULD BE AN INTERRUPTION ACTIVATION PROCEDURE
SO THAT NOTHING INTERFERES WITH OUR CURB PROGRAM
(It’s BETTER TO PUT A GET IN THE INTERRUPTION HANDLER). IN THE PLACE OF SECOND
THERE SHOULD BE A THREE POINT DELAY PROCEDURE THAT WOULD 'SHIFT'
LINES ON THE VISIBLE PART OF THE CURB. THIS SMALL PROCEDURE
COLORFULLY DEMONSTRATES HOW YOU CAN ACHIEVE LINES OF DIFFERENT LENGTHS ON
CURB. THE TEAM SEEMED TO BE USELESS BEFORE POSITIONING IT
BETWEEN THE WHITE SEND COMMAND AND THE BLACK SEND TEAM
COLOR WE THEREFORE MAKE THE WHITE LINE LONGER BY H*2=8 PIXELS!
AND BY DOING SIMILAR MANIPULATIONS WITH THE 'BACKGROUND' (BLACK) COLOR, WE
WE CAN MOVE THE LINE TO THE SECOND LINE, BUT WITH A SHIFT OF 1 BEAT
(2 PIXELS). LIKE THIS (IF YOU HAVE REPTAGO, OF COURSE):
...
LD DE,#OSOO
LD S,#FEMARK2
EI
HALT
ICU (C),E
...
ICU (C),D
ICU (C),E
DIR CH8 ;-+
POR ; '
EDIR ; '- 'DELAY' (SHIFT) COMMANDS
; '
APD O ;-+ ICU (S), D
ICU (C),E
JP MARK2
THE ellipses MEAN THE SAME AS THEY MEANED IN THE PREVIOUS EXAMPLE.
PROGRAM ACTION: TWO LINES EXIT ON THE CURB, ONE OF THE
WHICH ARE SHIFTED RELATIVE TO ANOTHERFOR TWO PIXELS. HOW IS THIS
WORKS: DELAY COMMANDS 'MOVE' THE SECOND WHITE LINE BY
(FORTY-EIGHT POINTS = CH8*CH = 192 CLOCKS; APD O = 7 BLOCKS) 199
BEATS. WHY NOT 22Z, BECAUSE TO OBTAIN THE OFFSET IS NECESSARY
EXACTLY THAT MUCH TIME? - THE BEGINNER WILL ASK AGAIN. AND YOU FORGOT
ABOUT THE ICU (S),D AND ICU (S),E TEAMS, WHICH ARE ALSO INCLUDED IN THIS
TIME: 12 + 12 + 199 = 22W. THAT'S IT.
NOW TRY TO DO THREE, FOUR, FIVE OR MORE
LINES THAT WOULD BE SHIFTED BY TWO IN RELATION TO EACH OTHER
PIXEL (1 CACT). THIS IS VERY SIMPLE TO DO. YOU ARE IN THE APPLICATION
FIND THE PROCEDURE ABOVE SO YOU CAN SEE
HOW DOES IT WORK...
WE CONSIDER OUR MISSION COMPLETED. HOW TO MAKE 'ZX' YOU GET IT
(I HOPE) AND SO THAT YOU DON’T FOOL US (LIKE - WHERE
PROMISED ZX ON THE CURB, ARE YOU SOME LAMERS?!!) AT APPENDIX
RIP TO THE NEWSPAPER (IN PEACE, AMEN :)) ) THE SOURCE WHICH DRAWS
THIS IS THE NOTORIOUS 'ZX'. THERE ARE A PAIR OF CONTROL KEYS (O AND P),
WHICH YOU CAN 'ADJUST' THE EFFECT TO YOUR TIPS... SOURCES
AS ALWAYS IN ALASM...
IF YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS, PLEASE CONTACT THE EDITOR -
THERE THEY WILL HELP YOU WITH KIND WORDS AND GOOD ADVICE...
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