Virtual World #04 27 июня 1997

Игры

Amiga Club - AMIGA - then girlfriend.

         AMIGA CLUB



  But here as usual, we
tell you a little more about it
stunning computer name, which I hope many have already
dreaming:). The text of all of the same
the party that sent me
LooKER / MS. I expect it of new
text, so you do not miss
necessary. If anyone is interested in this car and he decided
buy it, then please
us or to communicate directly with
by MAGIC SOFT. In them you'll find everything you need from
From the simplest of programs
to the most clever
Amigo. And we move on to our
Text ...
________________________________



    AMIGA - then girlfriend!


   Windows95, OS / 2, finally
saw the light of Pentium 200 MHz
Microsoft has released
improved version of Windows95, IBM
prepares Merlin'a Architecture
Pentium will soon reach the theoretical maximum clock speed, 
attack Upgrade'ernoy disease ... Remember not so long ago then 
"Computerra, not in "Hard'n'Soft", not somewhere else,

had a great article that
IBM PC - this is one huge mistake by Louis Gerstner, that
thanks to her development of the microprocessor-computer 
industry lagged by 10, if not 15, and

then all 20 years ... Why,
asked a man who buys himself a computer, it must become a 
slave? Known principle of IBM "The machine would work, people - 
think of" running a little one-sided: the man should think how 
to make the machine work. Someone calls it a sports interest, 
and someone decides to never

to bind their lives with computers ...


   I'll try to talk a little about
little-known here and
widely distributed abroad (especially in Germany) personal 
computers, which its creators call

simply - AMIGA.


   It's about the most
prevalent today
day model, which is called
Amiga1200.


   Let's start perhaps with the operating system. The operating 
system has a graphical Amigi object-oriented interface (and 
this trait of all Amigo, starting with the first,

which, incidentally, saw the light
garazdo earlier Mac).


By the way, the attempt to write a Microsoft WindowsNT Amiga 
did not succeed (it turned out weak). Could not cope with

programming the chipset.



   Most of the operating
Systems AmigaOS sewn into the ROM.
And for the flexibility provided by a number of special points, 
allowing the incident details please replace or adjust both 
small and large part of the operating system. Minuses of the 
ROM are clear: low mobility of the system and smaller than the 
RAM, speed of execution of code. To overcome This provides a 
complete replacement suschesvuyuschego ROM in the appropriate 
manner of conventional memory. Plus finding the system in ROM 
is also clear - the linear address space allows see it as part 
of the memory and access it from anywhere which significantly 
saves space in the RAM.



   AmigaOS - operating system, which has preemptive 
multitasking, and multi-tasking system Amiga users enjoy

already for 10 years, while
as on other platforms yet
debate: Is multitasking a useful feature
operating system. In addition, we note that the implementation 
of AmigaOS is based on a single-user version version UNIX, 
better known under the name XENIX, with adjustments to take 
account of the Amiga architecture. AmigaOS also supports 
multi-threading, allowing a certain way

developed applications to simultaneously perform several of 
their own processes. Thus, working with multi-threading

spreadsheet, the user can perform redistribution in a single 
table in While, as will be done

printing and other downloads in memory of thirds.


   Okay. Operating System -
this is sex - the case. Operating
system should work on some hardware, so talk about it in detail.


   1. Mikroprotsessor Motorola
68EC020 with a clock frequency of 14
MHz, which has a 24-bit
address bus and 32-bit bus
data. (Ie address, only to
16MB). But the accelerator (this sort of thing with the 
processor and memory) on the basis of a more powerful processor 
68030, and above already allow to organize the address 
prostarnstvo size of 4 GB. A1200 performance with an 
accelerator is quite high, so the rate of generation of 
landscape in A1200 with accelerator

Blizzard-IV 1230/68030 50MHz /
68882 50 MHz when the program Vista Pro v3.0, a 10 percent 
higher than that for MAC Quadra 650 with the work of the same

the package itself from similar facilities. On the advantages 
and disadvantages of a family of processors Motorola 68k 
written entire books, so here they detail shall not discuss, 
but I note that sixteen 32-bit general purpose registers, 
linear addressing, the diversity its methods and commands allow

receive a much more rapid,
compact and efficient code,
than the family of processors
Intel.


   2. Amiga chipset is built on
so-called Custom chips
ALICE, LISA, and PAULA. They are responsible for generating 
sound, screen, work with a floppy drive and a lot

another. These tasks are not clearly divided between the chips 
and can run them together. For example, maintenance schedules 
involved in LISA. ALICE bears DMA controller functions and host 
bus and the other two - made as a standard peripheral chips. 
They are controlled by a set of registers that can be read and 
written CPU or DMA.



   ALICE performs the functions of the main host bus Amiga Chip
BUS controller and DMA. It supports 32 bit-x and / or
double-page CAS sample
from Chip BUS bus interface and has cut a 32-x Chip-bit bus 
memory. Alice is required to operate the external logic for 
memory access and decoding. 


   Speaking of Alice, not
at least some mention of
integrated into her co-processor Copper (Copper) and
Blittere (Blitter). The name "blitter" - an abbreviation of the 
words "Block image transfer" and he

is a device
Working with the memory. The main task blittera - copying and 
moving regions Chip-RAM. He can also perform logical operations 
on them. Blittera performance data movement over 16 million 
pixels per second. Blitter on the Amiga and can paint shapes 
and draw lines. Operating System AmigaOS uses blitter for

text output, drawing "gadzhetok, moving windows, etc.


   Copper is a separate co-processor. His task
- To write different values
Custom chip registers. It
the presence of Copper largely explains the striking 
videoosobennosti Amiga. Indeed, it runs parallel

CPU on its own
sobsvennoy program called
"Copper-leaf", performing their
their own teams. With
He, for example, you can change
display options on the screen in
some time. It
This is based on "multi-camera" in the Amiga up to receive 
several types of permits at the same time on the screen

monitor. Programmers have successfully
Copper is used in the processor
their programs. Entertainment
many "demo" relies heavily on effective programming Copper CPU.


   Lisa, in addition to the 32-x
bit interface and supports 24-bit digital output
RGB video. Applying together
Memory 80 ns DRAM, Lisa, using double loops of access,
can choose 64-bit data
a bus cycle that results at
leads to a fourfold increase in the rate of the video output.
Lisa also requires the use of
standard 30-MHz
Triple 8-bit videoTsAP
for analog RGB. In
As such, using
BT101 Video DAC.


   Lisa can run Alice. The latter selects the current image data
of Chip-memory DMA and stores them in the appropriate 
registers, Lisa, and then going on the actual generation of the 
image. This happens, for example, work with sprites. 


    Paula is responsible for audio output, arranged as two 
stereo channels of 14 bits, input / output on floppy disk, 
RS-232 serial input / output, analog mouse and joystick inputs 
and interrupt control (note that when connecting only one 
stereo channel, the other is automatically mixed into to it, 
forming a single channel). That Paula is engaged in generating 
an interrupt to the central processor and logic. Working with

floppy disks and sound generation occurs through the DMA.
To work with the drive and the sound does not slow down the 
system, Paula DMA channel requests from Alice to

necessary.


   Want to note the following:
the chipset specifically "imprisoned"
for use with
genlock and other video equipment. This is facilitated and
25-bit color (1 bit special
for genlock), and the presence of regimes
Scan images at
15 KHz, and, most importantly, the ability to
synchronized with an external signal source. An important
feature is the fact that
Amiga less "Radiation at." This is in
respects and makes the area
their professional use:
video studio, studio cable
television, etc.


   In the A1200 used an internal 2.5 inch IDE hard
drive of any capacity or for a small revision (just does not 
fit into the case) - 3.5 inch IDE hard disk. Supported

Standard IDE/ATA/ATA-2
hard drives.


   As a plus Amiga hardware and software
I note that the IDE-cable
managed to get to work all
those drives that fell
in hand. When you install the appropriate driver has been 
possible to connect an IDE cable up to 4 different ATA / ATAPI

devices. One of them - hard
disk, the other three: ATAPI (EIDE)
CD-ROMs, ATAPI IDE Syqust'y or
ATAPI IDE streamer.


   AmmigaOS v3.1 is already included
especially considering the support ATAPI IDE Syquest-drive.


   Well what else to say? Connect to the Amiga can be 
everything. There is RS-232C (up to 115 Kbps / s), 
bidirectional parallel port, which ugodnovideo-outs (from 
telezizora until tricked monitor), and even PCMCI-2 connector!

Ee 14-bit (!) Furnishes AWE32 sound like a baby! But what
can you say! Microsoft is
krichet loudly about Plug'n'Play in
While on the Amiga since
her birth record exists
AUTOCONFIG, who works garazdo steeper (to establish
need to insert a new DEVICE
it into the slot and copy it
driver in the system directory
on the hard drive. AND EVERYTHING!)


   In conclusion, here are a few imaginative comparisons for
different platforms ...


   You never tried
imagine what would happen if
have you had to go to the store and your machine is operated
to the operating system? So
Here:


   MS-DOS: You get in your car
and painfully trying to remember where keys Delhi.


   WINDOWS: you sit down and go,
but, unfortunately, very slowly,
as tug to tow a loaded
freight train.


   OS / 2: after you have filled 6,000 gallons of gasoline, you
get in your car and drive to the store with an escort
Motorcyclists and spiritual marching band. Midway car suddenly 
explodes, killing all around.



   UNIX: You get in your car and
pours on the trip computer:
SUPERMARKET. Reaching a maximum travel speed of 200
miles per hour, you have somehow come to the barbershop.


   Windows NT: You get in your car and write a letter in which
said: "Let's go to the store." Then
you come out of the car and drop your letter in a mailbox.


   Macintosh System 7: you sit down with the clear intention to 
go to shop, but somehow find yourself

the church.


   AmigaDos 3.1: mashina brings
you in a wonderful small shop where there is absolutely 
everything what you need and which is in nobody knows ...



   IBM turns to crap, Mac makes a popular, but only
Amiga makes it possible.


   For more information
can be found on Amiga Home
Page:


  www.omnipresence.com/amiga/



                Author Unknown
________________________________