IzhNews #06 29 августа 2000

Игры

Adventure - Guide Adventyurnym games! (Part 1)

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          ADVENTURE



   Guide Adventyurnym games!

(C) Harry MakGat
(C) Translation from English for "the KU-2

    Andrew Monakova, Vladimir Saveliev
(C) filled for "IZHNEWS" NoViSeT / BrC
__________________________________________


    Long ago, when I was still quite
young, my favorite game genre was
namely adventyurny how much joy and
intoxication gave me these toys.

    And now the game is not adventyurnye
lost its relevance, except that
become much more interesting and original, and
so the quality of performance does not cause any
doubts about the professionalism of the authors.
In general, I think many of the information
will be useful and interesting. Here
shows only part of the book Harry MakGata
by adventyurnym games who are interested in
This problem may search this book
its full publication, although this information
help you (hopefully) in many ways.


  The author's wealth of experience in
text adventyuram. After many hours,
conducted with "ADVENTURE" ("Adventure")
the grandfather of all text adventyur, blind
the author's fascination with the genre grew into a
incurable passion. Why? This you
learn from the subsequent chapters.


           INTRODUCTION

    One of the main advantages of my
Former work in the laboratory computer
Sciences in 1976, had free access to
ARPANET. ARPANET was the first
nationwide computer network, and
the most effective method of testing its
performance was sharing files among
already connected computers. Most
popular program, which we received
the network was a new game and Will Crowther
Don Woods "ADVENTURE". As it happened,
I immediately "caught" her, and held in
Laboratory few weekends, trying to
to pass Hall of Mists, stop Bridge Troll
or find a way out of the maze of narrow
corridors.

    In 1977 I moved to another location
work, but has not ceased to apply
weekly visits to the laboratory. In one
of such visits, my former colleague Dave
Lebling invited me to play with toys
he razrobatyval with their
mates. This game is presented as
"Refined heir
"ADVENTURE", called "ZORK".

    It was just great! I liked
typing those commands chetyrehslovnye
dvuhslovnyh, which was limited
"ADVENTURE". Once I got into the
house, before my eyes appeared the mat, which
I tried to pick it up. The program said,
that this is impossible, then I decided
a stroll through the woods, but, unfortunately,
lost. Dave advised me yet
experiment with a rug. I
followed his advice and what was
my surprise when sliding the mat,
I found a door leading to countless
treasures of the Great Underground Empire. I
took a flashlight and began cautiously to descend
down. Trying not to put the batteries, I do not
included it as long as the program is not
said: "not visible or DIG. Probably
Soon you stun prey rough. "
"Yeah, right now, and check what is suitable
This toy ", I thought, and typed:" Who
such rough? ". To my surprise, the program
immediately withdrew rather lengthy
description of these nasty creatures, including
their eating habits. I confess
then took a long time before
What I again took up the "ADVENTURE".

    At this time, and began to emerge, my
incurable habit and the next couple of years
I suffered terribly 'syndrome shortage. "
Personal computers in 1977 were
too expensive and unwieldy, and the idea
to produce in large volumes of software
software-based Private
Users could get away with unless
that was crazy. However, the first steps in
this direction yet been made.
Soon there were Scott Adams and others
adventyur creators. Since then, many
pm, were mainly used me
for finding treasures and revelations
vicious killers. And then once I
struck by the idea that budding adventyuristy
could depart from what has already
I have reached, resulting in and appeared
this book.

    I tried to cover all major
aspects adventyurnyh games: their history, both in
they play, how to write your own games
and finally, the possible applications adventyur
in the future. I also brought a small
reviews of the most famous game in this
genre. While working on a book I
noticed her serious drawback:
no image adventyur. The point
that my home computer can
play only in black and white images with
very low resolution.
To correct this deficiency, I decided
acquainted with the Scorpion, one of the members
Division games. We had a great time,
talking about adventyurah, and her chapter on
graphic adventyurah firm "SIERRA ON
LINE "perfectly blended in this book.
Frankly, the book I vozlogal two
hope. Firstly, I want to believe that
readers will find at least something new for
themselves: not only how to pass adventyury,
but also how to write your own. And, secondly,
I hope the book will encourage chtoo
adventyur manufacturers to create more
High quality and beautiful software
software.


          ROLE OF THE PLOT

    Plots are very different
nature: fantastic, household,
parodies, literary, etc. As
the simplest example of detective adventyury
You can say, take a full capacity.
Murder took place, and it could
make anyone in the home. AND
the hero is given an opportunity to reveal
him.

            .......

    As the popularity of
microcomputers Scott Adams became
to act in a somewhat different direction
for creating a series of international
Adventyur (ADVENTURE INTERNATIONAL SERIES).
Most home computers at the
time had no more than 16 kilobytes of memory, and
Loading programs was only possible with
cassette recorder. This puts such
program as ZORK or ADVENTURE, for
limits of these machines. But Adams
proved that, under the skillful use of
programming techniques, even in such
Memory capacity can cram enough
material to create exciting
adventyurnoy game.

    First adventyury Adams used
interpreter program written in
BASICe, which reads the data file and
events unfolded in a adventyure
accordance with the indications in the file
data and the player's actions. This method
provide more efficient storage
data than the direct programming
BASICe.

    Since then, Adams had to rewrite their
program interpreter, native and
make it work on many
computers. This uvelichelo speed robots
program, reduced its volume and
greatly reduced the download time with
cassettes. Those who are interested in
interpretative program, can find
the original BASIC-version in December
BYTE magazine for 1980.

    All 12 programs Adomsovskoy Series
use a standard for submission
information. Top of the screen
shows the current location
character ("I'm in ..."),
accompanied by a list of visible
items. The rest of the screen,
the size of which depends on the length of the list
items is
scrollable area for teams and
response comments.

    Describe and comment very briefly:
Adams liked to have more locations and
commands in the vocabulary of the program than to give
long descriptions. One and the same phrase often
associated with several different
situations, which also saves
memory. For example, nchalo phrase "not
can (go on) "can
used in a variety of
obstacles. As soon as the memory
becoming cheaper and home
computers were equipped with DVD drives,
disappeared limitations that fetter even earlier
adventyury Adams. Advertisement adventyur steel
look for ways to exploit opportunities
extended memory. Some went on the road
creators of the program ZORK, increasing
number of descriptions, expanding vocabulary,
introducing more complex processing commands. Until
to some extent in this direction
were the creators of games CYBORG and EMPIRE OF THE
OVER MIND. Another popular destination,
the possibility of which has not yet been
exhausted, is to add graphics.

    Schedule when it is not used
simply as an illustration and as an adjunct to
text, significantly enriches adventyuru.
One of the best examples of this - Program
PRISONER 2, where the situation is described in
mostly graphical and command
directly affect the image.
Some programs use
animated elements in the transition
from one location to another. Too often,
However, the schedule is
moving pattern, just
illustrating the text. Since not all even
modern home computers
provide comparable quality graphics
At least with the cartoon, take pictures
large volume of memory, hence inefficient
use it. If the author adventyury
really wants it were an illustration,
it can simply provide the program
brochure and on-screen display a message
such as "see page 23" (an interesting
method of approx. ed.) However, this method
there is a significant shortcoming - you can not
ban a player to look into the location to
which he had not yet reached. Nevertheless,
a good example of the use of such
approach is a program of Avalon Hill
G.F.S. SORCERESS.

    The increasing complexity of processing of commands
requires considerable effort in creating
programmer, and the publisher have
raise the price of the program to make it
compensate. Therefore, in terms of
Accounting, publishers often do not
interested in is too complex
software product. Although there is still
those who invest in
slow but steady increase in the number
adventyur complex. This means that there is
people who speak English and
select games in which there is something
think.


             ORIGINS

    Their ability to understand English
adventyurnye language programs (especially ZORK
and the like), largely due to work
to create artificial intelligence,
which were conducted in the 60's and 70's. Scientists
have done tremendous work in
Machine perception of natural
human language, in particular
English, and achieved in this direction
remarkable results.

    Among the studies on artificial
Intelligence is most known program
Professor Joseph Vayzenbauma "Eliza"
(ELIZA), so named after the heroine
novel Shaw "Pygmalion." Program
interprets the text in English, and gives
in response to the script (SCRIPT) - Structural
description of the action or process (one of
Russian versions of the term -
scenario). Well-known script Eliza
simulates a psychotherapist, so
program, which it understands and
uses, often referred to as "Doctor"
(DOCTOR).

    (There are several programs for
microcomputers, which are also called
"Elisa" and somehow emulate the script
format of "Doctor." But the majority, or not
give the user vozmonosti understand how
creates a script. Thus they are denied
the main advantages of this "Eliza).


     (To be continued.)