Aspect #01 05 декабря 1997

Железо

Learn how to solder - techie rations for Dummies.

          (C) Igor Majorov, 1996
 (R) Sergey Romanov and Fedy Savin, 1997


Take a simple soldering iron in hand. To start prepare him for 
work: Sting (the the tip of a soldering iron) should be silver

color. If not, then we take the Needle file
or file, and it neatly trimmed.
Then, take the file and attach
sting shape of a "shoulder" if
need to solder two wires, or
"Needle" or "cone" to work with
board, for example. (See fig.)
Now includes a soldering iron to the network,
Wait until it warms up, and consistently
touch tip (dip sting) first to the
rosin, and then to tin, and so
to its tin evenly coated. After
Wipe the tip on this piece of cloth.
Everything. Soldering iron ready to use.


    The next stage - the right rations.

 Usually, beginners after the first solder
get something, sealed tin PIECES. Do not be afraid, if you get 
the same result. Skill comes with experience ...  For a start 
try to solder together two "stranded" wire, of which bulk in

any home.
 For a good soldering the wires initially cleared somewhere in 
the 5 mm in length. To do this more often often used sharpened 
cutting tool such as a surgical scalpel,

knife, pliers, or, at worst, a sharp
scissors ... Carefully, trying not to cut
fingers, remove the insulation from the wire. Nothing, if the 
first time, instead of remove the insulation, you will cut the 
wire completely. Several attempts, and you must succeed. After 
removing the insulation, Scratch on bare parts, such as a 
knife. Part should shine stronger.

 Thus, wire tipped. Now it should be "zaludit" or "obludit" - 
and so, and say so. Take the bare wire, and a hot soldering 
iron not for long press it into rosin and then removed.

 After that, melt a small piece of soldering tin, once again 
touch the skim through the end of rosin

wire, and a little scroll it around
its axis so that the tin evenly
covered the exposed area. The same operation
place from the second wire.
 Then, imposing the "tinned" wire to each
on the other, touching them with hot soldering iron, dip it in 
resin. Everything. Now allot a soldering iron and give the wire 
to cool, in any case is not blowing on them - It affects the 
quality of rations. A few words about how to solder

mozhdu a neslolko wires:



            Right-spike wires.


        "Do not correct the spike wires.



  Now let's talk about how to deal with
pechatnoy board and its components.

  The printed circuit board consists of a sheet
foil getinaksa or PCB,
on which are etched conductive paths.

  The board has openings (holes), where
will then be soldered circuit elements, well, then
there are all sorts of details.

  Typically, these openings have obluzheny so
that no problems arise. But if
got "left" card, then before the assembly
printed conductors and contact pads
need to prepare for soldering - clear
from the oxide film and contamination.

  If the date of manufacture boards gone
a lot of time and a metal coating darkened (oxidized), it must 
first clean up its fine to shine sandpaper, and then - 
thoroughly rinse with alcohol (not required). After degreasing, 
all pads board brush applied a thin layer of rosin flux.

(Composition,%: Rosin - 15-18, the rest
alcohol; Rosin - 6, Glycerin - 14, alcohol
Ethyl - everything else). Well, if you
did not have any items from the flux
rastraivaytes do not, you can simply take
the tip of a soldering iron a little tin, and then
its a bit pressed into rosin and quickly
(Not yet vaporized rosin) touch
sting to the place which must zaludit, and wait a little longer 
remove it. That place zaluditsya. If you have flooded the hole 
with tin you have a bigger impact esgo too mnego took the sting.

For the latter method requires a good
training.

  Radioelements and chips also need to prepare for assembly and 
soldering. For of their findings (leg) form (attached

them the desired shape), cut to
length, if necessary, sanded and ludyat.

  Forming can be done with tweezers, mini pliers or other 
similar instruments / devices. 

  Since the adhesion foil
Pay is low and decreases when heated, then try to keep the 
soldering iron does not warming cost more than 5 seconds.


  Soldering boards should apply solder
low melting point: POSCO 50,
PIC 61 and other power soldering iron - no more
35-40 Tues Soldering iron should have needle-like sting 
(although this is at your discretion) ostrozatochennoe and 
obluzhennoe. 

  Soldering of circuit elements is performed as well as 
soldering 2 obluzhennyh wires, ie insert details in the right 
leg openings and heat them alternately.