Optron #30 03 сентября 1999

Hobby - Bonsai.

           Do not iron one ...

{} Taras Nikolaychuk


  Computer, the only task
More recently it was "chislodroblenie"
more and more becomes a means of
human communication. In the computer press all
popping up on "non-computer
themes and it is less surprising and annoying viewers. no 
exception, "Optron: "Litstranichka" - one of the regular columns

this newspaper.

  So I propose to make a "Optocouplers"
yet another "non-computer" section, the authors
which could share with readers
stories about their hobbies.

  And try to start rasskazt its
own hobbies.



                  Hobby



             Bonsai

{} Taras Nikolaychuk, 1999


  Bonsai - a miniature tree in bowls. Growing bonsai began with 
East Asia, where an ancient and still relatively rare in our 
art raspostranilos in recent decades across world. This 
occupation has become so popular that his Japanese name was 
included in everyday life of the lovers of this art and became

international concept.

  The history of bonsai in this country compared with its 
thousand-year history in China and then in Japan, is small - 
just over twenty years.


  In 1976 at the initiative of spouses, Ambassador
Japan, the USSR Mrs. Segemitsu Botanical Garden of the USSR was 
a gift from Embassy of Japan in the USSR, a collection of bonsai

out of 44 specimens, which, however, not
were only museum exhibits:
We have our own traditions,
culture and technique of growing plants,
and not only exotic Japanese,
but the native birches and pines.

  At first glance it may seem strange that an art which is the 
result Traditional Chinese and Japanese world view, are 
interested in modern man, embroiled in a rapid, sometimes 
simple rapid pace of life that almost no time for reflection. 
In order more minutes of peace for all of us have become 
indispensable part of the spiritual life. Therefore,

cultivation of miniature trees almost perfectly included in the 
apparent heterogeneity context of modernity. This activity is 
fairly easy to closer to nature, is gradually disappearing 
forever from the his environment, and gives him the opportunity 
to creative recreation within the narrow confines of his city 
apartment with a balcony, terrace or loggia.


  In China, more than fifteen centuries ago, which became the 
cradle of art, and in Japan, where the cultivation of miniature 
trees in bowls reached an unusually high

level, this activity has profound philosophical implications, 
coming from the East Asian perceptions of the world as a cosmic 
unity. His foundation has been constantly updated feeling 
soprichasnosti person-to-life nature, but also the desire of 
coming as close to its rhythm. 

  Bonsai was the realization of the principle of "see through a 
small great" that means the ability for small space

reflect the nature of infinity. Small
tree had to have harmonic
proportions of a large tree, growing freely in the woods or on 
the seashore, or tree growing on a hillside and ishlestannogo 
winds. On this basis, any ralichnye styles and techniques based 
on a fine knowledge of the laws of nature. Particular attention 
was paid to detail and ability to gain insight into the 
phenomenon and life, and then to express it all with a hint and 
character. The art of bonsai to develop patience and 
perseverance, but at the same time Intuition is released that 
is so necessary in any creative activity. 

  In contrast, the artist paints and stone
bonsai sculptor source material - live
organism. It breathes, grows, changes constantly, it feels like 
he has his own soul and his own will. And this will need to 
understand: not rude to break, but love to be her

conductor, to answer her lead to a harmonious identity with the 
will and desire the artist.


  This dialogue has never stopped.

  Many joyful emotions carry the subtle changes that occur with 
age and in the bonsai and how the artist sees it ...


  Excellence is the result of centuries-old bonsai, some of 
which even now every stops in silent admiration. Perfect 
miniature trees in China, Japan and other East Asian countries 
are valued as high as a painting or sculpture.

They are transmitted in the family from generation to 
generation and is constantly being improved thanks to a 
sensitive human touch hand, never reaching a complete form that 
can be wall mounted or erected on a pedestal and on it to calm 
down. 

  So where do I start bonsai?

  In traditional Japanese style bonsai are grown from seed. 
Although this method requires the most time, but that he brings 
the highest satisfaction. This method was tested by me while 
growing pomegranate tree (Punica granatum). (Seeds

were removed from fruit purchased at the Krakow market for 
"persons of Caucasian nationality.") 

  Faster and more convenient method of growing - dig up young 
plants suitable shape and size, grown under natural conditions. 
Such material can be found in mountains, on rocks and other 
marginal places. Urban residents would recommend the flat roofs 
of multi-storey buildings. Plants there is often rooted in 
clefts concrete floor and therefore, by

its small root system, ideal
suitable for cultivation in a flat dish. Personally
for me a great "hotbed" was
roof of the 12 th dorms birthmark Polytech.

  The best time to transplant deciduous trees - early spring, 
for conifers - summer. It should be well cleaned the soil 
around the seedlings of grasses and weeds and dig it, along 
with plenty of roots. 

  I brought the plants, primarily
should reduce the root system, cutting off most of the roots. 
If there are taproot - they must be removed.

Then be cut unnecessary branches, and
to shape with wire,
which must be thick enough
to and during plant growth
preserves the desired shape. Then, well
designed, should be cut terminal buds.
This, on the one hand, achieved "distillation" of large numbers 
of processes, but with the other - to restrict the growth of 
the branches in length, trunk strengthening, and the tree 
begins to gain momentum. 

  After the transplant, it is desirable to cover the soil 
surface moist moss. 

  A few words about the soil. It must, with
On the one hand, to detain certain
amount of water, on the other - to be well
permeable and aerated. I recommend the following composition of 
the soil: a good humus peat and river sand in a ratio of 
approximately 3:1:1. The soil should be kept moderately moist.


  Permanent location of the plant with
early spring to early winter should be
garden, balcony, terrace. During the severe frost young plants 
and those growing in small saucers, to be transferred to the 
premises, preferably in unheated. 

  Suitable utensils for bonsai are
dish no deeper than 5-6 cm young plants
planted in small containers with a diameter
10-15 cm, and later transplanted in the broader, but similar 
ones. 

  In the second year the plant should be transplanted into
the same dish, only with an updated soil.
Excessive roots at the same time again eliminated
New shoots and buds kept trimmed.

  After transplantation of the plant should always be
placed in a semi-dark place away from
wind, water it abundantly. Later, the plants should be given 
sufficient amount of sun and air.


  Plants peresazhivaenye annually, not
should be fertilized. Neperesazhivaemye old
Plants are usually fertilized in the spring and
late summer, and it is always very little.


  Looking at the "cover" you can see, looks like one of the 
bonsai. 

  Those who would like to know more about
this art, I recommend the book
Leila Dzhahandy Culture BONSAI. (This
Book I "fished" from the depths of Fido; Literature
in such areas - a great rarity, and
I was going to literally "bit by bit").