Information - computer ROM.

                                
 IT WOULD PROBABLY NOT BE SUPERfluous TO SKA-   
 SAY THAT IT'S A LITTLE BIT COMPATIBLE  
 ISN'T THE MAIN THING IN THE WORKSPECCY. 
                                
 BUT IT (COMPATIBILITY) DEPENDS 
 FROM MANY FACTORS, MANY OF  
 WHICH "PRIVATE" USER 
 DOESN'T EVEN NOTICE, OR DON'T ST-  
 PLEASE NOTICE......... 
                                
 TODAY I WILL OPEN THE CURTAIN    
 ONLY OVER ONE OF THE SIDES     
 THIS "GLOBAL" PROBLEM.... 
 WE'LL TALK ABOUT COMPUTER ROM,  
 BY WHICH AND PERFORMANCE  
 THE BASIC DIALOGUE OF THE MACHINE IS ON. 
AUTHOR'S NOTE;              
 (DEAR USERS, IF  
  IT WILL BE NOT MUCH FOR YOU, SO I WANT- 
  THE BODY WOULD STOP AT       
  "SYSTEM VARIABLES" WHAT  
  IN PRINCIPLE CAN BE ATTRIBUTED  
  TO ROMSPECCY. I JUST HAVENO WISH TO STOP   
  ON THIS QUESTION IN THE FOLLOWING   
  TIMES TO TALK ABOUT THE PROBLEM. ) 
                                
 ROM FIRMWARE, I.E. SOFTWARE 
 SUPPORT RECORDED IN MICRO   
 SCHEME, BZX-SPECTRUM ACCEPTED   
 DIFFERENTIATE BY YEAR OF VERSIONS!     
 ( THIS HAS HAPPENED HISTORICALLY! ) 
 MANY KNOW VERSIONS:        
 1982, 1986, 1990, 1991,1992,  
 Etc. YEARS OF "RELEASE".        
 WELL, LET'S START EVERYTHING IN ORDER!      
 CLIVE SINCLAIR RELEASED HIS    
 THE FIRST CAR FROM THE FAMILY     
 ZX-SPECTRUM BACK IN 1982.   
 THE COUNTDOWN WILL START FROM THIS TIME. 
 THE FIRST CHILD IN THE FAMILY,   
 A BABY HAS BEEN BORN 
 ZX-SPECTRUM-16K. BUT "LIVED"   
 HE WON'T LONG BECAUSE RIGHT BEHIND HIM 
 APPEAREDZX-SPECTRUM-48K, CO-  
 THE ONE BECAME THE MAIN SPECCY IN 
 TO OUR COUNTRY!NOTE;                     
 (16K AND 48K WERE DEVELOPED 
  MODERN, BUT THE FIRST "BECAME"  
  ZX-SPECTRUM-16K)              
 "BRAND" ROM BECAME FIRSTWARE 
 1982 YEAR . SHE WAS FAR FROM  
 PERFECTION (I MEAN    
 SOFTWARE ERRORS IN ROM), BUT  
 HAS BECOME THE STANDARD BY WHICH  
 PROGRAMMERS "EARNED".    
 The ROM CONTAINED A CHARACTER GENERATOR,  
 I/O PROGRAMS AND THE HEAP  
 (IMMENO BUNDLE) USEFUL PROCEDURES  
 FOR PROGRAMMERS, AND FINALLY 
 BUT AUTOSTART PROGRAMS AND IN- 
 LANGUAGE TERRITATOR BASIC.      
                                
 FIRST SPECCY APPEARED WITH US  
 WIDELY SOMEWHERE IN1985-1986YY,  
 IN FORMZX-SPECTRUM 48KALREADY    
 THANKS TO OUR CRAFTS.      
 (STILL IN RUSSIA VERY MA- 
  LO "BRANDED" COMPUTERS! ) 
 SPECCY WAS DEVELOPED IN ENGLAND 
 AND IT WAS NOT DONE IN THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE! 
 BUT "THE SMARTEST CRAFTERS"    
 WE DECIDED TO "ADAPT IT TO UNDER 
  RUSSIAN" LANGUAGE. (I WOULD HAVE THEIR HEADROLL THE WAY!)            
 THIS IS HOW THE 1986 FIRMWARE APPEARED, 
 WITH BUILT-IN RUSSIAN/ENGLISH 
 CHARACTER GENERATOR (FONT).    
 BUT THAT WAS ONLY HALF THE WORSE!   
 (DO NOT CONFUSE THIS      
  "DEVELOPMENT" FROM ROM 1986 FOR   
  128 KB ZX-SPECTRUM) 
 WITH EVEN GREATER INCREDIBILITY "DECLARED"  
 LAS" FIRMWARE1990YEAR, GA-   
 RANGING WHERE BIGGER WHO-  
 OPPORTUNITIES COMPARED TO "NON-  
 GOOD ORIGINAL".......... 
 1900 CONTAINED ADDITIONAL - 
 BUT: TURBO CASSETTE LOADER  
 AND A DEBUGGER MONITOR WITH THE ROM ITSELF 
 COMPUTER ZX-SPECTRUM-48K .   
 OH HOW CONVENIENT IT WAS!!!!!!!! 
 I PERSONALLY WORKED ON 1990, AND 
 I HAVE EXCELLENT VP-  
 CHATLENS, ON THE ONE HAND..... 
 BUT I DIDN'T CLOSE MY EYES   
 THAT MANY PROGDO NOT 
  AND I "RUBLY" CHANGED THE FIRSTWARE.  
 YES! 1990 YEAR OF ROM - THIS IS "GRAVE" 
  ON THE WAY TO DEVELOPMENTSPECCY.... 
 1991 THE YEAR WAS SIGNED NEWINVASION OF ESTABLISHED ROM.  
 40 KEYS "BABIES" FOR SOMEONE  
 THERE WERE TOO MUCH "ENTHUSIASTS" 
 THERE ARE FEW, AND THEY BECAME THEIR DAUGHTERS- 
 GO TO "IBM KEYBOARD", CO-  
 THE ONE WAS ALREADY LIGHTING IN THE CABIN-  
 TAH AND AT "COOL" FACTORIES..... 
 AND TO EXPAND THE "VIEW" IT WAS   
 2 SIGNIFICANTLY DIFFERENT WAYS:     
 HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE.      
 (WHO IS INTERESTED O WHAT SPEECH   
  THAT WE'RE TALKING ABOUT 88 KEYBOARD   
  "GROB". 61- THIS IS "NORMAL" 
  QUANTITY FOR WORK........ 
  I HAVE 61-U KEY AND NOT    
  I SUFFER FROM "GROWTH".)          
 HARDWARE EXPANSION I KA- 
 I WILL NOT GO TO PROGRAMS -  
 WE WILL BE BACK TO YOU.          
 IN 1992 THE YEAR I DIDN'T FOUND SUSHEST- 
 VEIN DIFFERENCES, AND IN ESSENCE THIS IS  
 GENERALLY "LEFT" FIRMWARE...... 
 THE ALSO SHOULD BE MENTIONED AND O   
 AMATEUR PERFORMANCE OF THE MAJORITY   
 KRASNOYARSK TRADING COMPANIES     
 COMPUTERS SPECCY IN RELATION TO -  
 NII ROM... THERE AND FORUM(BERDSK) 
 , AND "CUBE-ROBIC" ETC.       
 SO BE SURE WHEN PURCHASING     
 BE EXTREMELY CAREFUL AND YOU WILLclass='RGB15'> 
 KEEP YOUR GOOD WORD "MIRIKOM" 
 , A MISTAKE IS NOT ONLY A GOOD 
 WILL NOT PRESENT................... 
 BUT IT WILL ALSO DISAPPOINT YOU.           
 AND NOW LET'S DEPLOY THE "BRICKS" INTO  
 IN A CONVENIENT ORDER FOR EVERYONE.....  
 IN 1982 THE ROM OPERATES UNDER 
 HONOR EVERYTHING!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 
 THE ONLY EXCEPTIONS ARE PA- 
 ROCK OF "DOMESTIC" PROGRAMS 
 WHICH WORK ONLY FOR     
 1991FIRMWARE. BUT THIS IS ALREADY UP-  
 RECORDS TO THE PROGRAMMER............. 
 (THERE ARE THERE ARE KILLED “SCRIBERS”!)   
 SO WHAT: LET THERE BE 1982,1982... 
 FOR1986YEAR NOT WORKING WHERE-  
 THEN ABOUT 25-30%PROGRAMS.      
 IN RELATION TO1990THINGS ARE A LOT  
 MORE SERIOUS - 50-70%. (NIGHTMARE!)  
 SOMETHING CONCERNED1991, THEN HERE 
 STORIES OF A LONG DETECTIVE.... 
 IT DOESN'T WORK AND IT'S WRONG    
 A LOT, BUT SOME OF THE MOST  
 THE BEST...................... 
 IT'S BETTER TO KEEP SILENT ABOUT GAMES. BUT   
 EXAMPLES: ADS,CONVER COM128,NOT- 
 THE ONEBOOT, AND OTHER "THINGS"!   
 THERE IS MOREBIG SHIT PROBLEM... 
 WITH SOFTWARE EXPANSION IN   
 Firmware1991YEAR -           
  IS-DOS DOES NOT WORK !          
 BUT IT'S SO "COOL" THERE      
 TEXT EDITOR WITH WHICH  
 CAN COMPETE ANDTLW 2+. 
                                
 THIS COULD COULD COVER THE SECRET 
 TALK, BUT I PERSONALLY HAVE    
 A "LITTLE" ASK TO EVERYONE    
 TO PROGRAMMERS AND HACKERS!     
                                
 WHEN YOU "PRACTICE"      
 BASIC, THEN HERE NO PLOBLEM .   
 BUT IF YOU WORK IN CODES   
 OR CGRAPHICS SO BE CAREFUL 
 HORN! DON'T BE BAD TO OTHERS 
 USERS WHO ARE   
 THEY WILL NOT BE ABLE TO ACCORDINGLY  
 THREAD OF YOUR PROGRAMS........... 
 I'M ALL ABOUT THE SAME: TRY AS WELL 
 YOU CAN USE LESS      
 "FAQs" OF YOUR CAR.       
                                
 FOR EXAMPLE:                     
 TRY LESS              
  USE PRINT BUFFER. 
 (IT'S ON128K PROG NO WORK! ), 
 "JOKES" TYPE LPRINT;???     
 (IF THE PRINTER IS CONNECTED THEN BU- 
  DIFFICULTIES ARE THERE. I'M ALREADY DOS-  
  TAL BILL GILLBERTAND OTHER..), 
 WHEN POSSIBLE DO PROG-   
 FRAME48K/128K                 
 (AFTER 48K THERE ARE STILL MANY MACHINES!) , 
 AND LIMIT USE   
 ROM PROCEDURES AND                 
 "SYSTEM VARIABLES", T.K.    
 SOME "FACTORY" SPECCY   
 HAVE "THE OWN" CONSTANTS IN ROM AND 
 AREAS "SYS VARIABLES".      
 (BY WAY IT WILL BE SAID THAT     
  SCORPION SOFT ALMOST REFUSED - 
 I AM FROM ROMAND I WISH THE SAME PE-  
 GO TO THIS "METHOD"!!!)      

              
              
 SERGEY ROWSAN.
                                
  P.S.                          
     АВТОР СТАТЬИ БУДЕТ ПРИЗНА- 
     ТЕЛЕН ЗА ВСЕ ИСПРАВЛЕНИЯ И 
     ДОПОЛНЕНИЯ ПО ХОДУ ТЕКСТА. 
                                
                                

      
      
      
      
      
      
                                
                                
                                
                                
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