""
ZX-
1992
 1-12
᪢ 1993




 
         騥  .............. 1,45,87,89,133,221,222,248,261.

BETA-BASIC 3.0
         ᮡ ᨨ ....................................... 3
         . .................................. 47, 91, 135, 179
         . .......................................... 183, 223
         饭   訡.  訡. .................... 229

. ब. . 
40  
         騥 ᢥ  ᨪ  設 ................ 17
         ७  ZX-Spectrum.   .......... 18
          Z-80............................................ 22
         稪 設  MC-LOADER (ணࠬ)........... 24
         ணࠬ  設 : 樨  ࠭....... 26, 61
         楤 ࠡ⪨  ᨪ-ணࠬ. ............. 105, 147
         ଠ ........................................... 166

堩 . .
 
         ᪫祭  ⠭ ணࠬ................. 9
         ⮤   ᬮ............................... 12
         ࠢ騥 ......................................... 53
         ⮤   MERGE................................... 59
         稥 ਥ............................................ 97
         孨  ணࠬ:
                 ................ 100
                 ஢ ⮧᪠.. 104
         ⮤ ᬮ ᨪ-ணࠬ................. 144, 185
         祭   設 ........................ 187
         ⮤  騪  ணࠬ....... 190
         ⮤  ணࠬ  ஢. ................. 235

 
         ᥥ . . 䨪 ணࠬ "MASTERFILE-09".. 29,71

 
         ࠡ⪠ 訡  ᨪ,  ERROR GO TO(楤)... 113
         ᠫ ..................................... 194
          REM.......................................... 194
         ᠫ쭮 ...................................... 197
           ।஢ 㪮 䥪⮢............. 241
           ࠬ஢    INPUT............. 245

 
           ਠ 㡥 ................ 209, 238

   (  )
         ਭ . .  ਥ  ணࠬ.......... 111

  
         ୠ 䨪.................................... 151
         ୠ 䨪....................................... 204
         砩 䨪....................................... 161
         ਡ................................................ 167

  !
         . ୥. ணࠬ RAHARAMA. 孮 ᮧ...... 249
         ணࠬ "SOUNDTESTER"  ᮧ  ।஢
         㪮 ᮯ஢ . ........................... 254

 
         STALIHGRAD,"CCS". ....................................... 33
         FLIGHT SIMULATIOH. "Psion". ............................. 35
         STAR RAIDERS 2, "ATARI". ................................ 36
         THE TRAIN.  "Accolade". ................................. 37
         DEATH WISH 3 "Gremlin". ................................. 38
         SHERLOCK  .......................................... 43, 129
         PROFESSIOHAL TENNIS  "Dinamic". ......................... 77
         SHOOKER. ................................................ 77
         QUAZATRON. .............................................. 79
         CAPTAIH FIZZ.   "Psyclapse". ............................ 82
         ACADEMY  "CRL Group",1986, (஡ ᠭ)......... 125
         BLINKY'S. .............................................. 211
         OPERATIOH HORMUZ  "Durell". ............................ 213
         ACE "Cascade"........................................... 213
         ACE-2 "Cascade"......................................... 214
         TOMAHAWK  "Digital Inteer. ". ...........................215
         SKY RANGER "Microsphere". .............................. 216
         TYPHOON  "Ocean". ...................................... 216
         TOP GUN "Ocean"......................................... 217
         ATF "Digital  integration".............................. 257
         FLYER FOX  "Bug Byte". ................................. 258
         COBRA FORCE  "Players". ................................ 256
         THUNDER BLADE  "U.S. Gold". ............................ 259
         SANXIOH  "Chalamus". ................................... 259
         AIR WOLF  "Elite". ..................................... 260
         1943 THE BATTLE OF MIDWAY. ............................. 261

   (FORUM)
          ᮢ⨬:
                 "㡭-48"...................................... 119
                 "ࠤ-1"............................... 42, 120
                 "⠣-48"................................... 121
           ஡, 易  ன ELITE... 39,84,122,131
         졠   (ᯫ 쭮 )........... 43
         POKES  ᮢ  ࠬ IMPACT,SCEPTRE OF BAGDAD. ........ 86
           横᪮   ணࠬ....................117
          ; ணࠬ HEAVY  N THE MAGIC. ....... 117
            ᥪ  (஫, POKES). .................... 119
         POKES. ..................................... 40, 46, 86, 119
         쬮 ⥫..........................................119

 
          㯯 ப. ................................. 203
         ⪠  (࠭)................................. 208

 48 -  
           짮. ..............................191

  
         ઠ᪨ . .  ᨪ-ணࠬ "LISTNAME",  REMONT"... 2
         ᨪ-ணࠬ  ஢ન   ப ਨ. .. 45
         ᨪ-ணࠬ  ப 䨨. ................... 89
          ணࠬ ................................. 177


         ⥬ "" .................................. 44
          "" ....................................... 88
         "DATA BASE PROCESSOR"  ................................. 132

THE DARK WHEEL
          ⮪. 筮-䠭᪠  
         ⨢ ணࠬ ELITE. ......................175, 218, 262







                                 -1-
ZX- 1, 2, 1992
107241, ᪢, - 241, / 37, ""

ண !
   砥 ன  ⢮ "ZX-P".   -
  ⥫ 諮 , ᠢ   . ਬ ⠪ 
,    㤭 ६ ਫ  , ਫ  ,   㤥  
ࠡ   ᠫ   .
  , 筮, ࠭    ⨫,  뫨 ⨣  諮 ,
 - ⥫  -⠪ ᥬ. -, 㦥  ⮬
  㢨  㯭 祡 ਠ, ⨬  ᪮쪮 㥬
 ࠧ஡,  뫠  諮 ,   諮   ⮢
ਠ  "",   ⮬  諨  । 䥫  ⥯
   㯭 .  裡  ⨬ 㤥    ᫮
ࠧ   ,     㤥 㯭.  ᥩ ,
 맮 ⠪ 室  ३  ࠪ⨪ ᪠
 ஢. , , ᪮쪮   - ᭨ 
 १  ⮢ 䮢.
  ᪮  ஥ 祭 㯭 ਠ,  㤥   ,
ᮤঠ騬 ⭮ ⢮ ࠭.      
஡ 訢 ᪨  ⮢ ᢮ 訢  ⤥ ࠡ⠬.
 ⮬ ᨫ  ⥫ 㦥 ,  ⮫쪮 ᥩ  ⠪
䨧᪠ .
   ⮬  ᪮쪮 訩 㯮 㤥 ᤥ  ᭮ ணࠬ஢
 設    ᥬ.
  ॥ ᥣ, ᪮쪮 㬥 ꥬ ਠ 孨᪮ ࠪ,
 ᮢ.  ,   易, ० ᥣ,  ⥬, 
    ᯥ祭  짮 ⮫쪮 ⥬,  
 ⭥.
    饬 "ZX-"  ⥬ ,   뫮.
   -०,    , ࠭㥬 ᥬ ⥫, ᠢ訬 
""  ⮨ ᪨, ᫨ - ࠧ  ᮤঠ
⮣   ୥    ⥦, 業  ⮨ ᢮
  㢥   ⮬ 쬮.
    ,   멤  ⮣ ,  ஬ 
  ⠡ ᥩ ࠭,   ,  ஦  諮 
 10 ࠧ 㬠 ᥩ 﫠   5 ࠧ. 뭮ᨬ묨 ⠫ ⮢
. 筮 ᪠,   ஫  ਡ⨪ ⥯ 
⮨  30 㡫.  , । .  ,  ᫨
 㤥 ᮢᥬ ,    , 祬  ஥  .
讥 ᯠᨡ, 㢠 ⥫   ,    ন.
   ਭ樯 ⠪: "  ᨫ  ६,   ந 
,  쭨".
   ᯥ  ᭮ , 業ࠫ쭠  ஬ ᨫ 
 믮  । 稪 易⥫⢠  
権  ࠢ⥫⢠,    ⠫.  ⠪ 室 
 祭 ᨢ.   ࠡ⠥  㣨 ஥⠬  ᥩ   
 ᪨ ᭮ ।,   ਤ    -
 , ᫨  ଠ쭮 ࠧ୥ થ⨭ ணࠬ ᯥ祭
 IBM. , 筮,  ⮬   祭  祭 뢠  
প.
   11-12     ஡ ᯨᠫ,   㤥 ந  
 ⥫쭮, ।  ⥬  ,   த
 த⮢  8%  ꥬ த, ஢  १⠬ 襣
᫥ ⭮ 뭪.
       ணࠬ  "" (  ᪮
몠  22- ணࠬ)  । ⥭樠 ਡࠬ ਮ
 ।⠢⥫⢠ ⠪ 뢠 " ",   室 ࠧ
ணࠬ ।⢠, ४-ଠ樮 ਠ,  ஢,
樨  ..
  ,    ப,  㦥 襫   ᢮ ⥬
ॢ室  ᠬ ᬥ .   ਡࠬ 諠.
᫨ ⥬ 㤥  ⠪,  ᥣ,   ᥭ ⮣  
७ ᯥ樠஢ , ࠭襥 ᯫ⭮ "।
᢮", ᮤঠ饥  ࠡ,  । ⮬  ᠭ 
᫮ ஢ ணࠬ  IBM-ᮢ⨬ 設  ⢥ ࠧ⥫쭮
. ।,  뢠 ࠢ訥  ணࠬ  ਡ
   ᯫ⭮,     - .  ᫮, ।
 થ⨭ ⨪   訥 .
    ।⠢塞  ᫥ ࠭ "ZX-PE"  
ணࠬ,  ଠ樮-᪮ ⥬ "".  ࠭ 
।⠢, ᪮   㭨ᠫ ࠪ஬ 
ਬ. ୮, 祭 㤭 ।⠢ ࣠,  ன  
, ⮡   㦤   ⥬ (ࠧ  筠
㦥 ). ⥬ 室  ᯫ 㦥    ࠧ
࣠  ⢥ ⥬  ஢, ⥬  ⭮
ᯨᠭ, ⥬  ⮢   ।⨨, ⥬ 
⨢  樭᪮ ०, ⥬   㬥⮢ 
ந⢥ ࠩᯮ, ⥬  㦤 ࠭  
㤠, ⥬    䠪 襣 祡 .
 ਫ     設ந⥫쭮 ।⨨   ⮢.
 ,  㦥   ࠪ⨪,  ⥮᪨  뢠   .
  騩  ᯫ樨  筮 ᪠,  । ⥬
 묨 ﬨ,  뤥 砩   ᢮ 
ᯫ樨,  ᤥ  ,    ᢮  㢨 .
 ⮬   ᢮  ⨦.   ९⥫᪮ ࠡ
 ⮤ ⮢  ணࠬ,    ⥬  
⮬  , ⮡ ᢠ   뫮     
室  ꥬ ᮯ஢⥫ 㬥.
  ,  ᫥ ᪠ zx-  㤥 । ।⠢
   ⥬.
 襣   ਡ᪮ .

   祭      ॣ୮ ᪮. 
   ⨬ ᬮਬ  饥,  -⠪ 室,  
 ,  ᮦ,  㦤  ࠦ  ⮣  ,
 ⮣,  㤠 㯨 㬠  - ᭮ 業, . . ,
筮,  ᪠  㬥 ᢮ প.    ६,
ॣ୮  砥 ஭᪮ ⠢,  , ୮, 㤥
  ।.

                                 -2-
  .

          ࠧ  稭 ।⠢  -ணࠬ 
ﬨ, ⮢ ઠ᪨ . . (. ).
         ணࠬ  ᫮,     ᮤন 訡, ஡ 
᪠.

                         1. "LISTNAME"

 ணࠬ 뢠  砫    ࠡ 뢮 
ணࠬ   ⮯  稪.
         10 DIM A$(50,3): DIM $(50,10):DIM C$(50,4)
         20 BRIGHT 1:  CLS:  PRINT #0;INK 1: PAPER 6; AT 0,1;
                 "BORISOV  $ ALCOSOFT  $  1991 ": PRINT AT 8,8;
                 "1. Edit  check"; AT  9,8;
                 "2. Looking"; AT 10,8;
                 "3. Save to the tape"
         30 IF  INKEY$="3"  THEN GO TO  140
         40 IF  INKEY$="1"  THEN GO TO  70
         50 IF  INKEY$="2"  THEN GO TO  1OO
         60 GO TO  30
         70 CLS:  PRINT  " 'O'-END"
         80 INPUT "Humber=";i:
            PRINT "      ";i;TAB(0):
            INPUT "Count="; A$(i)'
                  "Name=";B$(i)'
                  "DATA=";C$(i): GOSUB  150
         90 GO TO  80
         100 CLS:  PRINT "Count      Name      Data": FOR  i=1  TO 50
         110 BEEP  .07,35: IF B$(i)="  " THEN PAUSE 0: GO TO  20
         120 GO SUB  150
         130 NEXT  i
         140 CLS:  PRINT AT 10,10; "Save programs":SAVE  "LISTNAME" LINE 100:
             CLS:  PRINT AT 10,10; "VERIFY programs": VERIFY  "LISTNAME":
             GO TO  20
         150 PRINT A$(i);"_____"; B$(i); "_____";C$(i):  RETURN

᭥  ணࠬ:
         10  ப ᨢ  ६:
                 A$ -  稪;
                 $ -  ணࠬ;
                 C$ -  ᪠ ணࠬ.
         20 뢮 .
         30-50 롮 ० ࠡ.

   ᨬ  ⮩  ࠢ ।  ࠧ ப
ணࠬ.

         60 室  ப 30  ࣠樨   .
         70 ࠥ ࠭, 뢮 ᫮ 室  ०.
         80   浪 , 뢮   ࠭ 
            ᫥⥫쭮   稪,  ணࠬ,
             ᪠. 稢 饭  ணࠬ 뢮 
            ६  ࠭.
         90 ࣠  ⠫.
         100 樠 ࠭, 뢮 ,  砫 横 뢮 .
         110  㪮 ᨣ, ஢ઠ  "⮥ ", ᫨
             "",  㧠        .
         120 饭  ணࠬ 뢮 ६.
         130  横 FOR. .. NEXT. 㧠      
             .
         140 ⪠ ࠭,     ᫥騬 ⮬
             ணࠬ  100 ப, ⪠ ࠭, ஢ઠ ᠭ
             ணࠬ,   .
         150 ணࠬ 뢮 ६.

         訡: 㦭  ப
         145 IF i=0 THEN GO TO 100
  ப 80  ᫥  INPUT "Number=";i:GOSUB 145

    ଠ 室  ணࠬ஢ ⠫  뢥 ,
஥ 짮⥫ 㤥 ।஢. ஬ ⮣,  110 ப ࠢ
㦭 ஢   " ",   "      ", .. ६ B$(i) 
䨪஢   10 ᨬ -   ணࠬ.


                         2. "REMONT"

   ணࠬ  㦨 ᮡ  ६ ࠧ筮 孨. 祬,
  設 ਠ ,     짮⥫,  ࠢ,
  ᫥騩 ࠧ     .  ࠧ, ⥯ ⢮
ਠ⮢ 㢥.

         5 GO TO 20
         10 LOAD  ""CODE
         20 DIM A$(500, 32)
         30 LET  i=1: LET A$(i)=" 殮 ॥"
         40 CLS:  POKE 23607,249: PRINT " 㬠, ⮨ ஢ ";
            A$(i):  GOSUB  140
         50 IF UP=0 THEN PRINT FLASH  1';" 㦭 ६஢!":PAUSE 0:
            GO TO  90
         60 LET  i=i+1:IF A$(i)="  " THEN GOTO  80
         70 GO TO 40
         80 INPUT "He 墠⠥ ਠ⮢ "' "   㬠,   㦭
            ஢ ? " 'A$(i)
         90  23607,60: CLS: PRINT AT 21,8; "Press any Key !": PRINT #0:
            INK 1; PAPER  6; AT 0,1;" BORISOV $ ALCOSOFT $ 1991":
            POKE  23607,249:PRINT AT 5,3;
            "1. -   ணࠬ"; AT 5,3;
            "2. -   䮭"; AT 7,3;
            "3. - ஢ઠ "
         100 IF  INKEY$="1"  THEN GOTO 30
         110 IF  INKEY$="2"  THEN SAVE "REMOHT" LINE  10
         120 IF  INKEY$="3"  THEN VERIFY "REMOHT"
         130 GOTO 100
         140 PRINT ,"  ଥ?"'" /?"
         150 IF PEEK 23560=100 THEN LET UP=1:RETURN
         160 IF PEEK 23560=110 THEN LET UP=0:RETURN
         170 GOTO  150

  ᠭ

         5 㦨  ⮣, ⮡ ᫥  RUN ணࠬ ଠ쭮
           ⮢,   ந 㧪  ப 10.
         10 㦠    䠢.
         20  ப ᨢ A$.
         30 塞 ६ i   ᨢ A$(i).
         40 頥 ࠭, ४砥  ᪨ , 뢮  
            頥  ணࠬ ࠢ.
         50 ᫨ ࠢ । ࠢ쭮,  뤠 ᮮ饭.
         60 ਡ塞 1  i. ६ ६ A$(i)  ஢塞   .
         70 ࣠뢠 室  ᫥饣 .
         80  ,   짮⥫.
         90 뢮 .
         100   "1". ᫨ ,  ࠡ  ணࠬ.
         110    "2". ᫨  - 㧪 ணࠬ  .
         120    "3". ᫨  - ஢ઠ ணࠬ.
         130 ࣠뢠  INKEY$.
         140 砫 ணࠬ । ⢥.
         150 訢  "D".
         160   -  "".
         170 ࣠  INKEY$.   室   
              ᠬ 64000... 64768.

訡.
         1.   150     23560,0   ⮣ ,⮡ ணࠬ
             ᪠ INKEY$.
         2.  ப 60 ࠢ    ⮩ ப  32
            ᨬ.




                                 -3-

                              BETA BASIC

  - 3.0 - 쭥襥 ࠧ⨥ ਨ, ⮥ ணࠬ  -
 1.0  1.8.   ᫥,   ᮢ⨬  ⠭,
   襣  ,   ⥫쭮 訬
ﬨ, ।    ⥫쭮 ᫮ 
஢  㭪権.
  - ஥ ।  ᪨ ᯥ⨢. -,  
    訥 ணࠬ. ᫨,   ஡  筮
  ணࠬ  10 - 15 K,  ,  "ப쥬" 筮
  ⢨ ୮ ணࠬ஢, 㯠 ,
 ணࠬ  㪫뢠,  楫쭮 ந  襬   ⮣
 , ந    ணࠬ,   ᮡ ,
騥  㣮 ,        ᢮,   ⫠
訥 ணࠬ, ᠭ  ,  室   ࠧ㬭 ࠬ
 㤮.
  ஥ २⢮ - - ⫨ ।⢠ ।஢. 
,  ᪠, 娫ᮢ  ⠭⭮  "ᯥ㬠". 筮,
 ।  ᫮ ⥬ 맮 ப  ࠡ -   .
쪮  ⮬ ணࠬ   ᢮ ࠣ業 ६.   
६, ࠭ ।,        த
設 ⨯ MSX , ᪠, IBM (GW_BASIC) -  ⮦  ப.
६蠭   ࠭ ।㥬  ।㥬 ப ਢ 
᫥ 訡,    ⠪ ।  .
   室,  ࠧ  - 3.0 ୮  ࠪ 
࣮.
   २⢮ - -    室 . ,
筮, ᠬ    20.     ⮣,   
. , ᫨ , ணࠬ, 㤥  ᯮ짮 
,   4-5   ᭮ 楤,  , ᯮ ,
ᬮ    㪫뢠 ,   筮  ⮨  
-ᥬ K.  ࠧ,  㯭  20 ,  ᬮ ࠧ
ਬ୮ 10K   4-5K 楤,  ணࠬ,  
40 ⠭⭮ . 筮,   ᫮,  ᫮   ⮬,
    ।. ࠡ⠢ ᪮쪮 ,  ᬮ  ᨫ쭥
  ணࠬ,    襣 ᮡ⢥ ࠪ᪮
  "મ".
   㬥  訬 ਧ ॢ ଥ 樨.
ਧﭮ  砥,   - ᮪⨫.    ஡
ப஢  㧪    (⠬,   ) 
ਬ,  뫨 ਢ易  தࠩ     襣
⥫.
     頥 ꥬ 㬥,   室  
 砫   ,  筮, ᫨   , ࠧ 
।஢ ணࠬ ,  쭥襬, 㤥   㬥 ⮫쪮
 室 ᯮ짮        , ࠭
  㭪. ᮡ  ४㥬     
२⢠,  ।⠢ ୮ ணࠬ஢ 
ᯮ짮 楤.

                          1.  
  㧪 몠   믮  ࠧ:
         LOAD ""  LOAD "Beta Basic"
   ⮩  㦠   - - ப 0, ப 1 
ப 2.  ப 2 ⢫  ணࠬ,  १ ண
㦠 ⠫쭠 (᭮)  -, ।⠢  ᥡ
 設   18K. ⥬ ६ RAMTOP  
祭 47070, ।࠭  ० 設 , ࠧ頥  孥
 .
  ᫥ 㧪 ணࠬ  ࠭   室 ⥬
ᮮ饭.  ⮬ ப 1  2 ணࠬ 㤠  ⠥ ⮫쪮 㫥
ப.
  ! ᫨  ᠫ ணࠬ  ࠢ -  
।  ᢮   ᯫ樨,   । 㧪
襩 ணࠬ  設   ᫥騥  
設  -:
          64218,0:  64219,0: 64220,0:  64861,201
  ⨬  ᯥ ,   ணࠬ 㤥 ᪠,   ᬮ
 .

                           
                              - 3.0
 ப 0 ᮤঠ  । 㭪権 - 3.0.  ப
ᥣ   ணࠬ,    ᥣ ࠦ  ࠭.
ࠪ ᢨ⥫⢮ ⮣,  - 㦥  ⮢  ࠡ
 ࠦ 㪠⥫ ⥪饩 ப  ஢ .
᪮쪮 㢥祭  த⥫쭮 㪮 ᨣ,  
⨨ . ᫨    㦥,    23609,0  ⪫祭.
  㦠  -ணࠬ (㯭 ࠧ)  
㤥 ࠡ ଠ쭮,  ᪫祭  ᮡ⥩:
         1. 㧪 ணࠬ  믮   LOAD,
              MERGE,   㫥 ப. 筮, ᫨
            ணࠬ 뫠 ᠭ  ⠭ ,    ࠢ,
             ᫨  -, ப 0 㭨⮦  .
         2. ᫨  , ⮡  祢 ᫮ -  ࠭
            ࠦ ᨬ 筮 䨪.   
            KEYWORDS 0 (. ᮮ⢥ ).
    ᮡ  ,  ᪮쪮  ࠦ
ணࠬ ப, 砥  ࠭   LIST, ᫨  ப
 ਭ ࠭.  ⮬ 砥      ⮫쪮
 ப.
  ᪮쪮 㬥襭 ࠧ⥫쭮 ⢨  NEW.  㤠 
  ⠬ -ணࠬ,  ⠢ ப 0. ᫨   
㤠    ᠬ -,  ⠥ ⮫쪮 ᤥ RESET, ᫨ 
  ⠪ ,  몫 ⠭  २樠஢ 設
 RANDOMIZE USR 0.
  ᪮쪮 㢥祭 ᪮ 믮 ணࠬ  ࠢ  ⠭
, ᮡ .
   FOR-NEXT ࠡ    ⮩  ᪮, ᨬ 
⮯  ணࠬ,   ⫨稥  ⠭⭮ .
 ᪮ ⨣,  砫 横,     ࠦ
楫묨 ᫠ ( ⮬ ᫥  ⥫묨) ࠧ஬  65535.  横
ࠡ  5 ࠧ ॥,  ࠢ  横,





                                 -4-
ࠧ饭묨  100- ப  ⠭⭮    17 ࠧ ॥, 
ࠢ  ࠧ饭묨  500-   ⠭⭮ .
  ॥ ࠡ  GO TO  GO SUB, ᮡ  ப 祭 ⮨
筮 . ॥ ࠡ⠥  RETURN.   ᫥ ப
믮 ⮫  ,    ࢮ,  ⫨稥  ⠭⭮
.
   - ⥯ ᪮ 㤠    ⮣,  
 ,    ப.  㣮 ஭,  뢠
। ࠭祭  ।஢. , ᫨ , ਬ, ⠭
ணࠬ  ६ ᯮ 横,   ⮣ 横 ⥫
ப,  ⮬  ணࠬ  - CONTINUE,  CONTINUE  
ࠡ, ᪮   ,   ப 
 .

                        
                             - 
  ᫨  㧨 ணࠬ, ᠭ   ࠭ ᨨ  -
1.0  - 1.8,     㧨  㫥 ப, ᮤঠ
। 㭪権 몠. ᫨ ⥯   ࠡ  ⮩ ணࠬ
 ࠢ ᨨ 3.0       㫥 ப
 .
         1. 㧨 - 3.0.
         2. 㧨 ணࠬ, 믮  ᨨ 1.0  1.8.
         3. 믮 "MERGE"    - 3.0. ⮡   ப
            0.
         4.  ப 1  2.
         5. 㧨 祭 ணࠬ.
     ᮢ⨬ ᨨ 3.0  ࠭ ﬨ. -,
६   "line", ᮧ ࠬ ON ERROR  TRACE, ⥯
뢠 "lino", ⮡ ᪫ ⠭  祢 ᫮ ⠭⭮
 LINE.
  -,   ᨨ  楤    ७ ஡.
  ८ࠧ  ணࠬ  ᨨ, ᠭ   ࠭ ᨨ
몠,   ᯮ짮  ALTER.
   ,   ᨨ 1.0  1.8, ⥫쭮  ࠡ  
ON, RETURN, ROLL, SCROLL, CLOCK, N ERROR  TRACE, ᪮  .
᪮쪮    GET (᫮). ⥫쭮 ७ 
楤.

                            ,
                          - 3.0.
  ᫥ ⮣,   ᠫ ணࠬ,   室  
祢 ᫮,   㧨     浪. ᫨ ⥯
 -   㧨 , ᭠砫 㧨 -
3.0, ᫨    㦥.  㧨 (LOAD) ᢮ ணࠬ. ᪮
ப 0 뫠 㦥   ணࠬ,  ⥯  室
ᯮ짮 MERGE.
   㣮 ஭,   ᯮ짮 ப 1  2 稪  ⮣,
⮡ ࠭   ᢮ ணࠬ   設-   -
.  ⮬ 砥  ணࠬ  -  㦠
⮬᪨.
  ᫨  㧨 ணࠬ, ᠭ  -,    
६,      設  -,  
    ᨬ,  ᫥  RUN   ᮮ饭
 訡 "Nonsense in Basic".  ⮬ 砥  ᫥ ᯮ짮: MERGE
"Beta Basic": GO TO 2, ⮡ 㧨 稪  ,    
 ।⢮ GO TO 2 㧨  設- .

                          2.  
  ᮪ ᯮ㥬 祢 ᫮: EDIT, KEYWORDS, LIST, FORMAT, CSIZE, JOIN,
SPLIT.
  -     ।஢ ணࠬ  
, 祬 ,  祬  ਢ몫, ࠡ  ⠭ ஥ 
"㬠". ᫨    ਫ (MERGE)   ணࠬ,
 ᬮ ᯥਬ஢  묨 ﬨ. ᪮ 
 ⠭⭮  ࠭.    㤥 뢠 
⮬ - 㤭.   ᬮਬ,    , 
 ᯮ짮 쥩 ᨨ -  ।஢. 
஡    ⠭  ࠧ  ᭮  㪮⢠.

                            
  ࢮ,   ⨫,  㧨 -, -   ⥪饩 ப,
ࠦ騩  梥⮬  ࠭.    ६  
      믮   ॥, 祬 
⠭⭮ , ᪮  ⮬  ⠥ ᮤন ᥣ ࠭.
(  । 砨,      ᮮ⢥
ࠦ ⥪ ணࠬ  ࠭.  ⮬ 砥   ENTER 
஥ ࠭).

                        EDIT < ப>
    맢  ।஢   ப, ன   
  ࠭.   室    . 筮
 "0"   㦭  ப, ⮡     
࠭.
   ।㥬 ப  ⥯  ६   ⮫쪮  
ࠢ,     ,    믮 묨 蠬. 
⪥      ப    , 
⮬᪨ ⠭   ப.      
  襩 ப - :
         -   "0";
         -   ப;
         -  " " - ⥯     ப.

                        
      㦭   ४  ""   "L"
 "".  뢠    ,      㪢
 楤  ᫨     祢 ᫮  ⮪,  
 ⨥ ,      㪢,   
 KEYWORD (. ). 믮 室  ० ""  ० "L/C"
⨥   "஡".
     室  ० "L/C"  ० "",   믮
६ ⨥   SYMBOL SHIFT  ENTER. ,  ⥫쭮 
"ZX-", ,   ⥬  ⠭⭮   . 
⮣  ࠫ  THEN,  ⮬ ࠫ  (. "쪨 "
ZX -91, .52).  뢠 , ᫨  ࠡ⠥  ०: 
⪫祭묨 ⮪ (KEYWORDS 4  . )  ᫨    祢
᫮  ப ६,  뢠   ࠡ   REF,
ALTER  KEYIN.

                       
   KEYWORDS   ४ ०  祢 ᫮, ..
   ⨥ ,   ⠭⭮ ,  
  㪢,       ⥬.  





                                 -5-
० KEYWORDS 3  ஬   ப   ६ ਬ   
㣮 室.  ⮦   .  ᫨   
⠭ ⥬    ࠢ  ᫮ ⨯ RANDOMIZE 
⨥ ,     IN  㪢 ᪮쪮 . 祬
    ய묨, ⠪  묨 㪢.

                       -
    ᯮᮡ  祢 ᫮ -.     
㪢, ᯮ 騩 ஡  ⮣, ⮡ ⪫  "K", ᫨
室,   ᯮ짮 "" 室.  ᫥ 砥
  㭪樨  ࠧ.     ᭠砫 ३
 ᪨ ०,  ⥬  ᮮ⢥ . 設⢮
  ⮬ 砥   祢 ᫮.
     㭪樨  FN,  ⥬ -"$"  "(" -  ᨬ 
⮣,    㭪).  "FN"  ⥯ -ࠧ. -
 浪,  祢 ᫮ ⠭⭮ ,    㪢
"f" + "n" + " " , -, -   "Y"  ᪮ ०.

                          
  -,   ⠭ , ஢ ࠢ쭮 ⮣,  
    筮 ⠪  뤠 㪮 ᨣ , ᫨
⠭ 稥 訡.  㪮 ᨣ  , 
祭  祩  23608 ।⢮ POKE 23608,.. . 㪮 ᨣ
㤮, ᫨  ࠥ ணࠬ, ਬ,  ᯥ⪨  ୠ  
⮬   ᬮ  ࠭.    ,  ᫨  ࠡ⠥ 
०  祢 ᫮  㪢,  訡   ᠭ 
ਭ ஬     楤. ਬ, ᫨
 PAPER 1   PAPRE 1,   襭  訡 "Missine
BEF PROC" ( । 楤).

                          LIST FORMAT
       ⠡쭮  ᯥ⪨ 襩 ணࠬ
 ࠭ .

                             CSIZE
    㬥 ࠧ ᨬ,   ⢮  ப  64
, ,  㢥  ࠧ      , ਬ 
樮 楫.

                    JOIN < ப>
                              SPLIT.
   ꥤ  ப   , , ࠧ ப  .

                    " ப".
      ࠢ訩   ᢮ ணࠬ ப   ப
INPUT ⥬  CAPS SHIFT  ENTER.   ⫨稥   ENTER  ᬮ
த  ⮩  ணࠬ ப  㣮 ࠭ ப. 
⠪ ࠧ "ࠢ騥 " (CHR$ 15).

                                  3.
                                
  ᮪ ᯮ㥬 祢 : DEF PROC, END PROC, LOCAL, DEFAULT, REF,
READ LINE, LIST PROC  㭪 ITEM().
   ⮩   ⪮ ᬮਭ , 易  ਬ 楤
 -.  ஡ ଠ  ᬮ  , ⠢
ࠧ ⭮騥    㪠 祢 ᫮.
  ᯮ짮 楤 - 쬠  ਥ  ,  ணࠬ 
. ६ ᨨ   ⮩    ᯮ 
  ணࠬ    訬 㧨. , ᫨  
 ,  ୮ ⮨ ᬮ ᢮ , 祬  
⮬,     ⮬,    ४,   ⠪ 㤮
    ⫠ ணࠬ.
  - 3.0    ᠬ ᮢ襭 ⥬ ᯮ짮 楤
। 㣨 몮  譨 ᮭ ஢.   
砥    䥪⨢ ணࠬ஢.
  ᭮ २⢮ ᯮ짮 த ⮨  ୮
ணࠬ஢.  楯 ।,    ᮧ 
ணࠬ , ᯮᮡ 믮 । ࠡ   뢠
 ⥫  䥪⮢  ⠫  ணࠬ.  
, ਬ,   ६  ணࠬ, ஬ , 
. ᫥ ⮣,    ணࠬ  ᠭ  ⥫쭮 ⫠,
    ⮬,   ࠡ⠥   祣 ⮨.    
ணࠬ    㦥,      ⥪  MERGE "", 
ᯮ - 맢   .  楤   筮
⮩, ⮡   ⭮.  ᫨    砥 ஬,
᫮  ⭮,  ⮨ 㬠  ⮬, ⮡ ࠧ   ᪮쪮
᪨ ⥩  ࠧ    ⥩ ᢮ 楤ன. 楤 -
  ணࠬ,  ᢮   稭 c  DEF PROC, ᫥
ண       ६,  묨   ࠡ,
 稢 ஬ END PROC.
   ᬮਬ ⮩,    ᯮ ਬ:
         100 DEF PROC greet
         110 PRINT "Hello"
         120 END PROC
  ஡   RUN   㢨,  祣  ந. 
楤   ணࠬ,  ࠡ  ⠪    㤥.  
ᠫ ⮫쪮 । 楤,   㪠,    .
믮 楤 ந室 ⮫쪮 ᫥ 맮   . 
楤   "greet". ஡  ப
         10 greet
  , ᫨    RUN,  ப 10 㤥 襭  楤
,  ᮮ⢥⢨   ।, 㤥  ⠭  ࠭ ᫮ Hello.
   ந室 筮 ⠪ ,   ⠭⭮   㭪ﬨ.  
⮦ DEF FN    ,  ணࠬ   맮 㭪樨
஬ FN.
    ⮫  ஡ ⮣,   ᫮ greet  ப 10,
  室  ० "",    ⮬ 㯮:
         -    ஡    greet  㪢;
         -     KEYWORDS 4  ३  ०  
           祢 ᫮  㪢;
         -   ᯮ짮 祢 ᫮ PROC   ப  :
                 10 PROC greet
   ᮢ襭   ᠬ,   
                 10 greet
  ᯮ짮 祢 ᫮ PROC   砥   ਢ窥 
ணࠬ⮢,  ਢ몫  ⠪    ࠭   -
,  ॠ쭮      室.
    㤥   ᯮ짮  楤,   맮
楤.  ய 易⥫쭮  稭  㪢. 稢
 -




                                 -6-
 ஡, 稥, ⨥ ENTER, ࠬ REF  DATA. ⠫
ᨬ,  ࠢ,   ᯮ짮   楤,  ⥫쭮,
⮡  ਢ몫 ᯮ짮 ⮫쪮 㪢,   ᨬ ન -
"_".   祭,  㪢 ਬ   ய.
  । 楤 稭  DEF PROC    ᯮ 
㣮  ணࠬ.    ᯮ    ᫥ ࢮ 맮
ய.  ⮫쪮, ⮡  DEF PROC   ஬  ப.
। 楤   ᪮쪮 㣮 ப   稢
஬ END PROC.
  ᫨  ᯮ   DEF PROC  ᪮쪮 END PROC,   㤥
  ﭨ ࠢ쭮 "९룭"  १ । 楤  ६
ࠡ ணࠬ.  ⮬ 砥  ਤ ᠬ⥫쭮 , ⮡
 ᬮ  ᤥ  ࠧ  譨 END PROC ᫥  STOP.
 ਢ  ਬ:
         100 DEF PROC greet times
         110   FOR n=1  times
         120     PRINT "HELLO"
         130   NEXT n
         140 END FROC
    砥 times -  ࠬ 楤,  뢠 ଠ
ࠬ஬, ᪮     ᫮ 祭,  ⮫쪮
㪠뢠,   ᯮ   楤.   㪠 
। 楤,        맮 楤. ,
   㤥 ᯮ 楤 greet,   ࠬ times 
  祭 뢠 䠪᪨ ࠬ஬ -  ᫮, ஥
䠪᪨ 㤥 ⠢   ଠ쭮 times   楤.
  ⠪, ଠ ଥ -  ,  䠪᪨ ࠬ - 
᫠, ࠦ  ६ (஬  砥,  ᯮ REF, 
祬 . ).
  , ᫨    楤  ,   ࠬ,
ਬ greet,   ᮮ饭  訡 "Variable not found"
(६  ).
  ᫨     楤:
         10 greet 5
 㢨  ᫮ Hello 㤥  ࠧ ⠭  ࠭, ..
䠪᪨ ࠬ "5" ⠫   ଠ쭮 times.
   ,  ⥬,   ਬ 楤  ணࠬ 
 ,   ⭮,   㤨   祭  ,
    ணࠬ   ᮡ 㤭 㦨
訡.
    ⮬, ,   ਫ, 楤  ᯮ ,  ᠭ
  ।    뢠 ⥫  ⢨ 
⠫  ணࠬ. ᬮਬ  楤.  㫨  
६묨 times  n.  ⥯ ஢ਬ, 祬  ࠢ ᫥ ⮣, 
楤 ࠡ⠫.   :
         PRINT times
         PRINT n
 㦨,  times -  ,  n -    ᫮
祭.
  祬   times?   ⮬,   ६   
ப DEF PROC,  ⮬᪨ ᤥ  쭮,   ।
⮫쪮  楤.  楤 稫 ࠡ,  㤠 
    .   ,  ᫨   -   ணࠬ
ᯮ - ६ times,   祭   
 (ᯮ祭),  ⥯    ⮬  㬠.  ᫨   
맮 楤 㦥 뫠 - ६ times,   ⮦ 㤥 㤠?
,   맮  㤥 ,  쭠 ६,  
楤 㤥 ᮧ 쭠 times. ᫥ ࠡ 楤 쭠 㤥
㤠,  쭠 - ⠭.
㦥 ⮨   ६ n, -  ⠫ ⢮ ᫥ ࠡ
楤   쭮,    室   DEF PROC. 
祭  ⭮    ᯮ짮 -   ਢ 
 訡.  ⮣, ⮡   ந室,   
쭮 ६  楤  ਭ㤨⥫쭮 浪.  ⮣
㦨  LOCAL.
    襩 ணࠬ ப:
         105 LOCAL  n
 ⥯   ணࠬ ᫥騥 ப,    㡥,
 ᫥ ࠡ 楤 ६ times  n ⠫ 襭:
         10 LET n=1234
         20 LET times=5678
         30 greet 10
         40 PRINT n,times
楤 "greet"  ᪮॥ 祡, 祬 ࠪ᪮ 祭,  
  த:
         100 DEF PROC box x,y,width,height
         130 PLOT  x,y: DRAW Width,0
         140 DRAW 0,-height: DRAW -Width,0
         150 DRAW 0,height
         160 END PROC
  楤 "box" ।祭  ᮢ אַ㣮쭨   
ࠬ: ,  -न  孥 㣫, width -  ਭ, a
height!- . , 
         box 100, 100, 10, 40
ࠧ  業 ࠭ אַ㣮쭨,   ⨪.
   ।,   ⨬, ⮡    ,  ᪮  
 ࠢ ਭ,  ஡㥬   㪠뢠, ਬ:
         box 100, 100, 50
  稬 ᮮ饭  訡, . . 楤   ଠ
ࠬ,     ᬥ ⠢ ⮫쪮  䠪᪨. , ,
⮦  ।ᬮ  ।,  祣 㦨  default
( ᪨ default - ਭ " 㬮砭"). 襬 ப:
         120 DEFAULT height=Width
   ப 㪢쭮 砥 ᫥饥: "᫨ ࠬ height  , 
,   ࠢ ࠬ width".
  ,  ᫨   ᮢᥬ ,    㪠뢠  ਭ ,
 ப:
         110 DEFAULT Width=20
    ਭ    ࠢ 20 ᥫ.
ᯮ ,  ᪠  ⮫쪮 ᫥ ࠬ,   
.
         box ,100,40,10
   ⮬ 맮 襭 ࠬ . 㬥, -  ᠭ 楤
 ⢮ 
         DEFAULT  X = . . . .

                     
⠪,  ᬮ५,  ଠ ।    ணࠬ 
楤   ࠬ஢. ᪨ ࠬ  ଠ,
।   DEF PROC.      室 
⮫쪮 । -  楤,  ,  ਬ,  -  .
, 筮,  楤,  㤥 - 뢠, 
१  ᢠ 쭮 ६ ,  ன  
१ 㧭 ᫥ 砭 ࠡ 楤    
ணࠬ.     -





                                 -7-
७  ⮬,  楤   ᨬ 㫥   
뢠 ⥫쭮 ﭨ  㣨 ⪨ ணࠬ (  㣨
楤 ⮦).  ᫨  㯨 ⠪ ࠧ  ६ ,  ⥯
 㤥  ६   ⮬,   㪢 㦥  
ᯮ짮   楫, . .   ,   ⮩ ६
ᮤন. ⥫쭮 뫮  㦥  맮 楤  㪠 䠪᪨
ࠬ஢  - ६,     १
ࠡ 楤.   ,  ⫨稥   ,
   .
  筮,  맮 楤   । ࠬ   祭
(ᥫ),     ଠ ࠬ஢,    ।
  ६,  㪠  祭.  뢠 ।祩
ࠬ,  뫪,     REF ।  ⮩
६   DEF PROC. REF -  ᮪饭  ᪮ ᫮
reference (뫪).  ࠧ, ६,   ⠢  맮
楤  ⢥ 䠪᪮ ࠬ, २뢠   ,
।  ⮨ REF,   楤  頥 
ࢮ砫   뢠 ணࠬ  楤.  ⢥
樨 ਢ 楤 SWOP,    ᮡ
ᮤন  ப ६.
         200 DEF PROC SWOP REF $, REF  b$
         210 LOCAL  t$
         220 LET t$=a$:  LET a$=b$: LET  b$=t$
         230 END  PROC
 뢠 , ਬ, ⠪:
         10 LET x$="hi":LET y$="goodbye"
         20 SWOP x$,y$
         30 PRINT  x$,y$
   㪠 REF  । 㭪樨  $  b$ ⮦   ᢮
ᮤন  楤 SWOP,  ⮫쪮   : 쭮 䥪
 㤥, . .  $  b$  室  楤  祭. 
ᯮ짮  REF  ६    ६묨 , 
 뫠  $  y$, ⮬   ࣫
$  b$  ⥫ 楤, ࠦ   $   $.
  모 ணࠬ஢  ப஢, ᯮ騥 楯樨 楤,
 設⢥ 砥   ᯮ짮 ᨢ  ⢥ ࠬ஢.
- ࠧ蠥 ,  ࠢ, ॡ, ⮡  । ⮫쪮
 뫪.  २뢠  ⮣, ⮡  ஢ 
  ६ 楤. ⨬ ⨣  , 
   ६ ࠭  ᨢ  ࠧ. ᫨   
ᠬ  㦭 쭠  襣 ᨢ  - ६
権  ,    楤 ᮧ ࠫ ᨢ,
   LOCAL,  ⥬ ᪮஢   ᮤঠ 襣 室
ᨢ, ᯮ짮  ⮣  - COPY,  祬  
᪠ ,  㤥  ᬠਢ    JOIN. 
樮 ਬ,  ஬ ,    㬬 ⮢
ᨢ.
         300 DEF PROC total REF a(),REF sum
         310 LOCAL n
         320 LET Sum=0
         330 FOR n=1 TO LENGTH  (1,"a()")
         340 LET sum = sum + a()
         350 NEXT n
         360 END PROC
    ᨢ   ᪮, ⮡  ⫨砫 
ᨢ   ६  ⥬  . । "sum" ⮨  REF,
⠪   砭 ࠡ ᮤন "sum" 㤥 । 쭮
६. 㭪 LENGTH (),  ன   㤥 , ।
ࠧ ᨢ  ⮣, ⮡ 楤  ࠡ  ᨢ  .
    ᠬ ᨢ, ⮡ 㡥,   楤 ࠡ⠥
ଠ쭮:
         100 DIM  t(10)
         110 FOR  n=1  10
         120 LET  t(n)=n
         130 NEXT n
  맮 襩 楤:
         140 total t(), answer
         150 PRINT answer
 ⮣ 稬 55.

                       
   ਠ,    ⮣, ⮡ । 
ࠬ஢  楤, 㤮    ᯨ᪮  ࠬ஢,
祬 ᯨ᮪   । . ⮡  뫮 , 
- 3.0  ᯥ樠 ।⢠.
  ᫨   DEF PROC ᯮ짮  DATA  筮
᫥ ଠ ࠬ஢,  ᮮ⢥騩   READ
ਬ ᯨ᮪ 䠪᪨ ࠬ஢,   맮 襩 楤. ⮡
  뫠  饬 㤮, 室, ⮡  뫮
।  楤    ࠬ  ᯨ᪥,    ਭ﫠.
 ⮣  㭪 ITEM().  頥 0, ᫨ ᯨ᮪ ௠
, 1 ᫨  ᯨ᪥   । ࠬ  ᫥騩 ࠬ -
᫮, 2 - ᫨ ᫥騩 ࠬ - ப ६.
  ਢ ਬ,  뢠,   ࣠ 楤,
 㬬 ᪮쪮   ᥫ.
         100 DEF PROC SUM DATA
         110 S = 0
         120 DO UNTIL ITEM()=0
         130 READ a
         140 s = s+a
         150 LOOP
         160 PRINT sum
         170 END PROC
  ਬ  ப 120, 150  DO UNTIL  LOOP -  㤮 ଠ
࣠樨 横 (. ).  ਭ樯  DO UNTIL  뫮 
ਬ  DO WHILE (. ).
  맮 ⮩ 楤  믮, ਬ ⠪:
         sum 1, 2, 3, 4
  㣨 ⢮ ࠬ஢:
         sum 1, 2, , , z, 1256
  ᫨  ᯨ᮪ ࠬ஢  ⮨  ப ६,   ப 130
 뫮  ਬ READ $,   READ .   , ᫨ ᯨ᮪ ᬥ蠭
 ᮤন  ᫠  ப?  ⮬ 砥 । READ  ஢, ।
ࠬ ᯮ ITEM()  ᯮ짮  ⢠ਠ,  㣮. 
ப ६  ⮬   ᯮ짮 祪, ᫨
 READ ᯮ짮 READ LINE (. ).
     ,  ᯨ᮪ 䠪᪨ ࠬ஢, ।
१ DATA  READ, ᪫砥    묨. ᫨ 
ᯥ樠쭮   .

                                 
  楤,  뢠 ᠬ ᥡ, 뢠 ४ᨢ.  ,
     ᫮३-ࠢ筨 ᠫ:
           . .
   祭 ⭮  ᫮ ணࠬ᪨
஡.  㣮 ஭,   ᠬ  ࠡ .  ⮬
  訥 室 .    맮 楤ன ᠬ
ᥡ ନ  ६ ᯨ᮪  ६   
뤥 .




                                 -8-
஬ ⮣, ᬮ    ⠪ ,  ⥫ ࠧ
 맢  ணࠬ  㦥.  ⢥ ਬ 
ਢ 楤,   ਫ,  ⥬   ⠪ , 
.  ࢮ    ண  ⠪ ,  
ࠧ  ࠭祭,     த ᪮筮,
         100 DEF PROC diamond ,y,size,diff
             DEFAULT  diff=15
             PLOT x,y,-size
             DRAW -size,size
             DRAW size,size
             DRAW size,-size
             DRAW -size,-size
         110 IF Size >4  THEN
             diamond x,y+size,size-diff
             diamond x,y-size,size-diff
             diamond x-size,y,size-diff
             diamond x+size,y,size-diff
         130 END PROC
  맢  楤 , ਬ, ⠪:
         diamond  128,88,40

                                 
  ᫨  ஡ 맢 楤,  뫨 ,  
ᮮ饭  訡 W: "Missing DEF PROC". ᫨   㤥 
楤   END PROC - ᮮ饭 X: "No END PROC". ணࠬ 㤥
  ६ ࠡ "९룭" १ ,  ஬ 
楤   ᬮ ⮣ ᤥ.
  ᫨  맮   䠪᪨ ࠬ஢, 祬    稨 
ᠭ 楤, - ᮮ饭 "Parameter error." ᫨ ⨯ ଠ
ࠬ஢  ᮢ  ⨯ ॠ쭮 ⠭ 䠪᪨ ࠬ஢ -
"Nonsense in BASIC".  END PROC  ஢ ᮮ饭 "Variable
not found", ᫨ 뢠,  ६,  楤  ।
 ⢥ 室 ࠬ,  .

                          4.   
                            
  ஬   - 3.0 楯樨 ᯮ짮 楤,  祬
 ⮫쪮  ᠫ,   ⥫쭮  ।⢠,
ᯥ稢騥  ୮ ணࠬ஢ :  DO,LOOP,
EXIT IF, WHILE  UNTIL ᯥ稢   ⥫ 
࣠樨 横,    REPEAT  WHILE   ࠭   
   ணࠬ஢.
    ஢ IF. . . THEN  ᯮ짮 ELSE.
   ON   室  ப.    襭
ଠ ஢ CASE  SWITCH.
   LIST FORMAT   ᯥ 뢮 ⥪ ணࠬ 
஢ ଥ ("ᥭ") ⠪,   ਭ  몠,
ন ୮ ணࠬ஢ (,   . ).

                                  5.
                              
    ᨨ 몠  ⥫쭮 ᫥騥  ᯥ稢騥
ࠡ  ࠧ ⨯:
JOIN, COPY, DELETE, SORT -  ࠡ  ᨢ   ப묨 ६묨.
  INARRAY  INSTRING - ᪮ 㭪樨.
  㭪樨 LENGTH, CHAR, NUMBER.
  : EDIT <६>, SAVE DATA, USING.
  㭪樨: EOF, SHIFT$, USING$.

  JOIN  COPY   ६  ஢ ᨢ   
  㣮 ᨢ.     ६ ࠡ  ࠧ ᨢ.
 DELETE  㤠  ᨢ, a SORT - 믮 
஢  䠢   .      ᯮ짮 
 ࠡ  ப묨 ६묨.
  㭪 INARRAY 믮 ᬮ ᨢ     㦭  ,
  ᠬ  INSTRING,   ப ६. 㭪 LENGTH
뤠 ࠧ ᨢ   ᯮ.    
ࠧ ᨢ    㧨  ࠡ   , ᫨ 
᫨誮 , ⮡       ६,  ⠬
 - 3.0. 㭪樨 CHAR$  NUMBER   ᮧ
"楫" ᨢ.
     ।஢ () ६  ⮩  ,  
। ணࠬ ப.  ணࠬ ६  㦠 
     SAVE DATA. ଠ஢   믮
  USING  USING$. 㭪 EOF (End Of File - " ") 㦨
 ࠡ  தࠩ   ᨣ஢  ⮬,    
䠩 襭.  SHIFT ।   믮  ⠪ 
,   ॣ 㪢, 묨 ᠭ ப ६.

                                  6.
                                 
  ᯮ ᫥騥   㭪樨:
  ALTER, CONTROL, CODES, CSIZE, DRAW TO, FILL, GET < ࠭>, OVER 2,
PLOT, POKE, ROLL, SCROLL, WINDOW, XOS/XRG/YOS/YRG, 㭪樨 SINE, COSE, FILLED,
MEMORY$, SCRN$.
     ᫮,  祣  ।祭 ( ஡  ᬮਬ
    㭪   ᪠):
  ALTER -   ࠢ 梥⮢묨 ਡ⠬ ࠭.
  DRAW TO - 稢    न.
  GET - ࠭   ࠭   ப ६.
  PLOT - ⠭  ࠭ ( ந쭮 ) ࠭ 
 GET <ࠣ>.
  CSIZE -      㢥  㬥 ࠧ ࠣ
࠭, ਭ⮣   GET । ⥬,  ⠭   PLOT.
   - ᪠  樨  ﬨ .
  FILL -   ࠭, 室  ⮣ ,
࠭ 梥⮬ INK  PAPER.
  ROLL - ६饭 ࠭      ࠢ.
  SCROLL -   ᠬ,   ⮬,  ਬ ,  諮  
࠭ ࠭, 稭  ࠢ.
  SCRN$ - ᯮ ᨬ 䨪 짮⥫.
  WINDOW - ࣠ 楯樨 "".
  XOS, XRG, YOS, YRG -  室 न ࠭  ᪨
㭪権  ⠡ 樥   ࠢ.

                                  7.
                       
  ALTER (...) -     ⥪ ணࠬ.
  AUTO - ⮬᪠ 㬥 ப.
  DEF KEY - ⮩      6 ஢, 㭪権 
ப ᮮ饭  짮⥫᪨ .
  DELETE - 㤠  ணࠬ ப.
  LIST/LLIST - ᯥ⪠ ⥪ ணࠬ   ࠣ  
   ... .
  LIST/LLIST DATA/VAL/VAL $ ᯥ⪠ ணࠬ ६.
  LIST/LLIST DEF KEY - ᯥ⪠ ।, ᢮ 짮⥫
祭 蠬.
  LIST/LLIST PROC - ᯥ⪠ ⥪ 楤.
  LIST/LLIST REF ᯥ⪠ ⮫쪮  ப,     REF.
  REF -  ணࠬ ப  ⨬ ஬.
  RENUM -  㬥 ணࠬ   ஢.
  MEMO -  㭪 頥 㯭 ꥬ ᢮ .

                         ( )




                                 -9-
                              B.C.
                              
    稭  ꥬ  襣 ⥫  . ᪠
堩 .., 饭 ᠬ   ணࠬ. 
ᠭ  ᯥ樠쭮  "ZX-".
  祭 ࠤ,   ஭  ⠫  㯭 ࠡ
⢥ ஢.   ᪮쪮 ,   ࠡ⠥  
ଠ樮 ᯥ祭 ""-ᮢ⨬ 設,  祭  㧭,
    ⠫⫨ ணࠬ⮢, ᯮᮡ ࠧࠡ稪.  
㣮 ஭,     ,  㤭    , ⮡
  , , 横 ⥩. " ,  㣮, 
  ࠧ   㫮 ⮫", - ⨯ ⢥ 襣
ࠧࠡ稪. ⥫쭮   -⠪ ᮣ蠥, 祬 ⭮,
 ᫥ ࢮ 뢠  嫠   ⮬  砥.
  㤠     ⢮ ⮩ ନ ⠫⮢, ᫨  祣 
? -   ⥫ ⥫. 뢠, -⠪ .
  ,  ࠡ⠭,  , 
ᮤঠ ᪨ 쬠  ,    "ZX-".   
 ,    ⬥,  ᮡ   - ࠭,
 ﬨ, 襬 ࠧࠡ稪 , 祬 ᮡ  宬  ⮢
ଠ 祭 ਠ, ᢥ騩    ,   
ᮬ      稭  "㬠",
  ⠪ ன   業  ᥣ譨  ,  㦥 稫
  ᥭத .
  ⠪,  ।⠢塞 ࠭ . 堩  ᢥ饭 , 
 ,    ணࠬ.  ,  ஬ ᢮
⨫୮ 楫 ,  祬  ,    讥 ⮤᪮
祭, ᪮ ਮ뢠 ।     ᠬ,
易묨  ⥬묨 ᮡﬨ "㬠".
 諠 孨᪮  ୮ ।஢ "મ".

                                  1
  ⥬   ணࠬ ।⠢ ᮡ ᪫祭
 ᬮ ⥪ ணࠬ  ᥭ    殬, 
㯮祭   ஬ ணࠬ.
    "ZX SPECTRUM"  ⥬    "ᨪ᪨"
ணࠬ  ணࠬ  設 .  横 ⥩ 頥 
 ணࠬ.
  ⮤  ணࠬ  祭 ,  ।   뤥
 ࠢ    ⢫ 室   ஡:
         1. ᪫  ⠭, (뢠 ࠡ ணࠬ ).
         2.  ⨭ ணࠬ ⠥.

                                  1.
                 ᪫祭  ⠭ ணࠬ.

1.1. 騥 ४樨.

   ࢮ,  室 ᤥ -  믮 ணࠬ 襩
 ப  ப n.  믮   ணࠬ   :
         SAVE  "" LINE n
   ᫥ 㧪 ணࠬ ᠬ 㤥 ⮢  㪠 ப, ⥬
 ,    ⠭  BREAK   ᮮ饭  訡.
  ⪫  BREAK , ᫨  ⮩ ப,  ன ந室
,    23613, 23730-5. ஬ ⮣, 
⪫祭  BREAK   ᯮ짮 ணࠬ  設 ,
 㤥 ᠭ .
  ᫨    - 稭   ᯮ짮 ணࠬ 
設   室  ᫥饥.
    ⫠ ணࠬ ⠭  訡  ᪫. 
,   ᥣ   ணࠬ ᮧ⥫쭮  訡  ६
ᯮ  INPUT. ਬ, ᫨ ணࠬ   짮⥫
 - ᫮,  ᮧ⥫쭮  㪢, ணࠬ ⠭
 ᮮ饭 VARIABLE NOT FOUND (६ ). ⮡  ⮣
४  ᯮ짮  INPUT,  ࣠뢠  
 ᭮ 㭪樨 INKEY.
  ᫨   室 ᯮ짮  INPUT (ਬ  
 ᥫ),   楫   뢠  ᤥ, ⮡
ணࠬ  "ᠫ" ( ᠬ뢠  ⠭),  
ᮮ饭  訡 ⢫﫠 室  ࠭  ப.
   ணࠬ  ᯮ짮 ਢ . , ᫨
   ப ,   ⪥ ᤥ BREAK  
ᮮ饭  訡 ணࠬ 㤥 뢠:
         LET ERROR=256* 23614+
         PEEK 23613:
         POKE ERROR, 0:
         POKE ERROR +1,0
   ᯥ祭 ᠭ ணࠬ ᯮ ࠧ饭  ⮢
ப :
          23659,0
  , 짮⥫  ZX SPECTRUM 猪 
   ࠧ 䠪:    ଥ ணࠬ (  
ࠡ ணࠬ,   稪)  ந室 뢠  ᠭ 
⨨   BREAK. ᫨ ᫥ ⥫쭮 㧪 ணࠬ "᭥
 ,   㤥  㦥⢥ 䥪. ࠧ 䥪⨢
 ⮬  ᯮ짮 ᯥ樠 ணࠬ  設 , 
 뤠 ᮮ饭  訡 ⢫ 室  ࠭  蠣
ணࠬ.
   ணࠬ  ⮤  ᯮ짮 ᠭ  ᫥饩 .

1.2 ணࠬ ࠡ⪨ ᮮ饭   D..L.

  ⨥  BREAK  ६ ᯮ ணࠬ (   筮
STOP IN INPUT)  筮 ०  ਢ    ᫥ ᮮ饭:
         D:  BREAK - CONT REPEATS
   BREAK   ६ ⢨ ਩ 樨,
⢨ CONTINUE ᫥ ⮣  筮, . . ,  㪠 
.
         : STOP IN INPUT
     稭   STOP,   뫠 
INPUT LINE. ⢨ CONTINUE 筮.
         L: BREAK INTO PROGRAM  (BREAK  ६ ᯮ ணࠬ)
    BREAK:  뫮 㦥  ᯮ  ஢.
ப     ப 㪠뢠  , 믮 ।
⨥ BREAK,  CONTINUE 室  ᫥饬 .
  ⮡  ६   BREAK ⠭  ந諮,  
ᯮ짮, ਬ




                                 -10-
ணࠬ  設  ON BREAK GO TO (ணࠬ N66 
㬥⠫쭮  SUPERCODE 3.5).
  ᫨    ணࠬ  ப ,  ⨯ ⠭
D,,L  ஢,  ணࠬ 㤥 室  ࠭ 
  ப. (ࢮ砫쭮  ப 9495).
   ,    ᯮ ⮬ SUPERCODE 3.5.  ਢ ᥬ
 楤.
                 ORG  60899
         60899 CD7C00  CALL  0124
         60902 3      DEC   SP
         60903 3      DEC   SP
         60904 E1      POP   HL
         60905 010F00  LD    BC,15
         60908 09      ADD   HL,BC
         60909       EX    DE, HL
         60910 2A3D5C  LD    HL, (23613)
         60913 73      LD    (HL),E
         60914 23      INC   HL
         60915 72      LD    (HL),D
         60916 C9      RET
         60917 76      HALT
         60918 CD8E02  CALL  654
         60921 7B      LD    A, E
         60922 FEFF    CP    255
         60924 20F8    JR    NZ,60918
         60926 3A3A5C  LD    A, (23610)
         60929 FEOC    CD    12
         60931 280A    JR    Z,60943
         60933 FE10    CP    16
         60935 2806    JR    Z,60943
         60937 FE14    CP    20
         60939 2802    JR    Z,60943
         60941 1819    JR    60968
         60943 3C      INC   A
         60944 32815C  LD    (23681),A
         60947 FD3600FF LD   (IY+0),255
         60951 211725  LD  HL, 9495; 㧪  ப 室  ᨪ.
         60954 22425  LD    (23618),HL
         60957 210000  LD    HL,0
         60950 22445  LD    (23620), HL
         60963 3B      DEC   SP
         60964 3      DEC   SP
         60965 C37D1B  JP    7037
         60968 C3C313  JP    4867
  訬 ਠ⮬ 뫮 , ᫨   㤠   楤 
ᥬ , ⪮஢ ,  ᮮ⢥ ணࠬ  .
 ,    ⠪ , ਢ ணࠬ  ᨪ, 
    楤.
         5 CLEAR 24999
         10 FOR  I=25000  25071
         20 READ A:  POKE  i,A
         30 NEXT I
         40 DATA
  205, 124, 0, 59, 59, 225, 1, 15, 0, 9, 235,42,61,92, 115, 35, 114,201, 118,
  205, 142, 2, 123, 254, 255, 32, 248, 58,58,92
         50 DATA
  254, 12, 40, 10, 254, 16, 40, 6, 254, 20, 40, 2, 24, 25, 60, 50, 129, 92,
  253, 54, 0, 255, 33, 23, 37, 34, 66, 92, 33, 0, 0, 34, 68, 92, 59, 59, 195,
  125, 27, 195, 3, 19
   ᨪ-ணࠬ    ணࠬ   
⨢ . ᪨  3 ਠ:
         1)  ᨪ-ணࠬ ᠭ ନ  楤  ᪠ ,
. . 襯ਢ ᨪ ணࠬ  砫 襩 室
ணࠬ,  室 .
         2)  ନ  㤮   楤  , 뢠
     ⤥쭮 䠩 設   ⮬,  
ணࠬ-稪 㦠    ᪠.
         3)  ᮢ頥 ணࠬ  ᨪ   ணࠬ   
ᯮ짮  REM ⮤  㤥 ᠭ    ᫥
  ⥬ ࠧ ᫥ 㧪, ।⢥  ᨪ ᪠ 
楤.
  ⨩ ⮤  ᠬ 㤮.  ⪠ ࢮ ⭮ , 
 ᨪ 㤥 ନ஢ ணࠬ   (ॡ뢠 ᫮
ᨢ), 騪 㦥 㬥 ⠭ ணࠬ. ன ⮤ ᫮
㧪:  ᠬ ,  ਤ  ணࠬ 稪, 㦠
, ᪠    ⮬, ᨢ ᥡ  , 㦠 ᢮
᭮ ணࠬ.

  1.3. ணࠬ ࠡ⪨ ᮮ饭  訡, ஬ 0:; 8:END OF FILE;
9:STOP STATEMENT.
   ணࠬ    訡, . . ⠭ -
ࠢ쭮 ᢮ ࠡ.  ⮬ 砥  ࠭ ᯫ 
ᮮ饭  訡. ⮡ ⮣  ந室,   뤠 ᮮ饭
⢫ 室  ࠭  ப ᨪ ணࠬ, ᯮ
楤: ON ERROR GO TO (楤 N 65  ணࠬ SUPERCODE).
   ਢ ᨪ-ணࠬ,   ன  㧨 楤 :
"ON ERROR GO "    ⨢ .   ਬ 㧪
⢫   25000.
         10 CLEAR  24999
         20 LET    A=25000
         30 FOR    I=0  72
         40 READ  
         50 POKE A+I,B
         60 NEXT  I
         70 REM   
         80 RANDOMIZE  USR  25000
         90 DATA
  205, 124, 0, 59, 59, 225, 1, 15, 0, 9,235,42, 61, 92, 115, 35, 114,201, 59,
  59,205, 142, 2, 123, 254, 255, 32, 248, 58, 58
         100 DATA
  92, 254, 255, 40, 33, 254, 1, 40, 29, 254,8, 40, 25, 60, 50, 129, 92, 253,
  54, 0,255, 33, 23, 37, 34, 66, 92, 175, 50, 68
         110 DATA
  92, 253, 203, 7, 254, 195, 125, 27, 51, 51, 195,3, 19
  楤 "ON ERROR GO TO" -   73   ⢫ 室 
ப ᨪ 9495 (⨬ ).
  ᬮਬ,  祣  㯮ॡ  ணࠬ.  ࠧ 1.1. 뫮
᪠,    ⮤    饩 ६
 ᫠   INPUT.  ஢ ᨪ ४ ᯮ짮
    INKEY$.  楤 ᠬ⥫쭮 
 த 訡  ⢫ 室  ப 9495...  ⮬ 
 23681  㧭  訡.
  筮 ⠪  室  ணࠬ 㤥 ⢫, ᫨ 㤥
ந ⪠   0.  PRINT ⠥ ᯥ ᨬ
  ࠢ饣  AT  । ࠭;  RETURN 
GO SUB  NEXT  FOR  .
  訬 ᯮᮡ ᯮ짮  楤  ᮢ饭  
 ணࠬ  ᯮ짮  REM ⮤,  㤥 .
  ⮡ ⮢   믮,  室 ନ஢ 
ணࠬ  ந쭮  , ᯮ ᨪ- ணࠬ 
ࠧ     䮭   ⤥쭮 䠩 CODE.

  1.4. ⮤ , ᭮  ᮢ饭 ᨪ  ணࠬ  設
.
   짮⥫  ZX SPECTRUM 뢠 㤨,  ᫥
㧪 ᥣ    䠩 ணࠬ  ࠭  䥪,
  ᨪ ᮧ  .   ⢮  
⮣,  ᫥ 㧪 ࢮ  䠩 쭥 㧪 
 ᯮᮡ, ᬮ  ,  㦠  ᨪ-
(ᢨ⥫⢮ ⮣  ,     LOAD "").
     ⮬,    砥 ᯮ짮 ਥ, 騩 ᮢ
 ࢮ 㦠饬 䠩  ᨪ-, ⠪  設 .
  ᬮਬ,   ⢨  ࠪ⨪. ।,   
⫠ ணࠬ  設 ,   n ⮢,   
ᮢ   ᨪ-ணࠬ. ( ᮢ饭 뢠 ࠭祭
 ணࠬ  :   ᯮ짮  , 室
  ⮫쪮 ⭮⥫묨, . . 室,    ணࠬ
ࠡ⠫,  㦥    ⨢ ).





                                 -11-
    ਥ ⮨  ⮬, ⮡ ࠧ ணࠬ   ᫥
 REM, .. ⥪, ᫥騩 ᫥ ⮣ ,  ࠡ뢠
஬. ( ᮢ饭 ⠪ 뢠 ࠭祭 
ᯮ짮   ணࠬ.    ⮩ ணࠬ   
ࠢ 13(DEC),0D(HEX), ᪮  ᨪ   ᢨ⥫ 
砭 ப  ᨬ, ᫥騥  , ࠡ뢠  
ப ᨪ).
   ⮣, ⮡ ⢨ ᮢ饭,  室 ନ஢ ப
 ஬ REM ⠪, ⮡ ⢮ ᨬ, ᫥ ᫥ REM, 뫮
ࠢ  ⮢ ணࠬ  . .  n.
   ⮣ ६  : 1 REM LLLL...LLLL
    ᯮ짮 ᨬ L   ਭ樯  ᯮ짮   㣮.
    㦥 ⨫ , ப  ஬ REM   ࢮ 
ணࠬ.  室  ⮣, ⮡   뫮 । ,
 ஬ 㦭 㧨 設    ண 뢠   ᯮ.
  ᫨   﫨 ⥬ ६ PROG,   㪠뢠  砫
ᨪ ணࠬ   23755.
  ⥫쭮, 㧪   室 稭   23760 (
 ⥬,     -ப ࠪਧ  ,
᫥騥  -     ᨬ -   ,   砥
REM).
    ࠭  ᨬ  ⢥ n ⮢  ணࠬ 
設  筮 .  
         LOAD  ""  CODE  23760, N
  ( 砥, ᫨ ⥬ ६ PROG   ᬥ饭,   室
㧭  砫 㧪 ,  ᫥   :
         PRINT ( 23635+256 *  23636+5)
  ,  㧪 ,   23760 㪠 ,  
稫. 㧨 ,   ⠢ 楫.   ᨪ
室 ணࠬ  .     ,  
  ᫥ ப ᨪ-ணࠬ,  RANDOMIZE USR 23760
   砥 ᬥ饭 ⥬ ६ PROG,  㤥 室
 :
         RANDOMIZE USR (PEEK 23635+256* 23636 + 5)
  ⮤ ᮢ饭  ᥣ ᯮ,      
 梨  ணࠬ,    ண    
⥫, ⮡  뫨 - . ஬ ⮣, ⠪ 室
 㦠 設   "" ⮤,  㤥
ᠭ ,  㤭 ⨥  設 , ᪮
 ⥭  .
    㦥 ⨫ , 筮 㦠訩 ணࠬ  ⮨
  ⥩. ࢠ   ⥬ ,  ᮤন
 ணࠬ,    , 稭  ண  ᯮ 
 ,    -  㦥 ।⢥ . 
⬥,      ᨪ ணࠬ  ᨢ, 
""    ਭ樯 ࠧ.
  ।   ᮡ⥩ ⮤ 뢠 設  
ப REM ᫥ ⬥  ,  ᫥   LIST ᯥ⪠
  ⠭  ᮮ饭  ࠢ쭮 梥 (INVALID COLOR). 
 ⥬,   設    ,  
    ஬  ப ᨪ-ணࠬ.   
䠪, ᮢ⭮  ᯮ짮 ⮤ 㫥,  㤥 ᠭ 
᫥饩 ,     ⨭. 室, ,
।। ⥫,  ᮧ ணࠬ  ,   ᫥饣
ࠧ饭  ᨪ, 室 ࠧ ।  , . . 筮
⠭ ,   ணࠬ 㤥 室  ࠡ, ⮡
 뫮 ᡮ - ࠢ쭮 樨.
  ᫨     ᯮ짮 ணࠬ  ,  뫠 ⠭
 ।   ,  ⮡ 祣  ।뢠,  
室   ࠧ饭  砫  ७  ᯮ짮
 LDIR ( ஡ ᠭ ⮩    ᮮ⢥
⮤᪨ ࠧࠡ⪠ "મ").

  1.5. ਣ ⮤ , ᯮ騩  㧪 設 .
    ணࠬ  ZX SPECTRUM ⫨砫 ਬ⨢  
 (   ⮫쪮 ). 筮  﫨  ᨪ-ணࠬ,
ࠢ饩 㧪,  㦠   ᪠   ।
. 騪  ९⢥ ᬮ  ᨪ ணࠬ, ⠪ 
ணࠬ  .
    ᪨ ࠧࠡ⪨ 뫨 ࠧ  த㬠  ⭮襭
.
   ⭮, 㦠 ணࠬ ⮨    ᠬ ணࠬ.
  室 ᠭ ⨯ ணࠬ: ᨪ, CODE, SCREEN$  ..
஬ ⮣, ⠬ 室  ணࠬ    ,  ண
筥 㧪,  ⠪  ணࠬ ( ணࠬ  設 ).
  ⮡   , ..    砫, ࠧࠡ稪 ᮧ
⥬ 㧪,  㦠 設   .
     ᯮ짮 ᯥ樠쭮 楤  ,  
  ᮢ頥  ணࠬ  ᨪ  ᯮ짮
 REM.
   ணࠬ, ᯮ騬  ⮤ 㧪, ⭮ MAT II, RAMBO III
 . ᬮਬ,   ਥ ॠ ணࠬ MAT II.  ਢ
⨭ 稪.
          REM CRACKED BY MIHAILENKO VS 1991
         10 FOR  n=0  12: READ  a:  64000+n,a
         20 NEXT n
         30 DATA  55,62,255,221,33,0,64,17,254,27,195,86,5
         40 RANDOMIZE USR 64000
  ᪨   ᨪ-ணࠬ 㦨   ⮣, ⮡ ନ஢ 
 楤  設 .   ⢫  ப 40,  
ப 10... 30 ⢥⢥  ନ஢ ⮩ 楤, 稭  
64000.  ਢ ᥬ஢  ⥪  楤.
         64000 SCF
         64001 LD A,255
         64003 LD IX,16384
         64007 LD DE,7166
         64010 JP 1366
    ணࠬ ᫥騬 ࠧ.  ॣ IX 㦠 
砫 㧪 ,  ॣ DE -   ணࠬ  .
⠫쭠 ⥬  室  ࠢ쭮 ࠡ ஥  
ணࠬ 稪  . 室   ணࠬ ⢫  ப
64010. ( ᯮ㥬 稭 - ).
   ⨯ 㧪 ᯮ   ணࠬ.  ⭮, ணࠬ
GREN BERET ᯮ ஥ 楤 㧪  ணࠬ,  뢠
  CALL 1366  㧪 ᪮쪨  .
   ,   ࠧ  㧪  ணࠬ
RAMBO III. ⫨⥫쭮  ᮡ  㧪 , 
 ⨢ .  -




                                 -12-
 ᯮᮡ  㧪 ⢨   㤠.

               1.6. ⮤ , ᯮ㥬  ணࠬ FIST III.
  , ᯮ㥬  ணࠬ FIST III, 筮    
쭮 , ,    ६,  ⮩ ⥬     
⮬       筮 䥪⨢.
   襩 䨪樨  ⨯  ⭮  ࠧ , 
 ⨭ ணࠬ ⠥.   楫  訢 
 梥   ⥬ :
         BORDER  0:  23624,0:  23570,16
   ⮤    ࠧ஢,  :
         BORDER  7:  23570,6
  ஬ ,  ணࠬ    ᮡ,    
  짮⥫: ⠢  । ࠭ ନ 
ᨪ.   쭮 ਣ ᯮᮡ,  ᠬ 
 ,  ⥬ ६, ᯮ㥬  ⮩ ணࠬ, 
ଥ ᠭ  ( - ) ࠪਧ, 
ᯮ.
   ਢ ⥪ ணࠬ, ᫥ 믮 ன  । ࠭
祭 㯭 ⮬  : GOOD LUCK  YOU
         10 REM  CRACKED BY MIHAILEHKO VADIH MINSK  1991
         20 FOR  I=72 TO 79
         25 POKE 23681,1
         30 LPRINT  "GOOD LUCK TO YOU"
         40 NEXT I
    砥  ᯮ  뢮  饥 ன⢮
LPRINT  ⠯ ᢥ稢  ࠭ 㪠 .
  ᫨     ࠦ   ।,   孥
 ࠭,   室  ᮮ⢥騬 ࠧ 
६ I.
   䥪 砥  ᯮ짮 
         20 FOR  I = 72 TO 78  ..

                              2.
    ⮤   ⨭   ᤥ ⥪ ணࠬ ⠥.
    頥 祭 ⮤   ⨭, ਬ塞 
設⢥ ଥ ணࠬ,  ⭮   稪, ᠭ 
ᨪ,  ⠪   ᯮ ᨪ. ஬ ⮣, ᬮ७
 ⮤, ਬ塞 "騪"  ணࠬ, . .
ࠬ.  ⭮  ⮬ (Bill Gilbert - ᫨ 祫  ⠪
 ⢨⥫쭮 ,   ᯮ ᥢ): PEGAZ SOFTWARE
(. . ௮  ,   ⠢ ᢮ ⥫䮭): ROBY
CRACKIKG SERVISE, ᯮ饬  ᢮ ᥭ 筮 ਬ⨢ ਥ
 ⫨稥 , ⮣     .
   裡  ⨬    ᥬ ⥫  ਠ  졮 
ᯮ짮 ᠭ  ਥ 騪  ⠭  ᮧ  
ணࠬ  ᥩ  . ., ᪮  ⨢ 
᪨ ଠ,   㦥  冷筮.
  ᫥ ⥫쭮 ࠡ   ᪠  㢥७,    ZX
SPECTRUM  ᮧ  饭 ணࠬ.   
⢥⢥  祫, 뢠饣 ਥ 騪.  祣 
뢠    ਠ,   冷筮  ७
 ⥫.
  ਧ뢠  ᯮ짮  ਥ ᪫⥫쭮   ᢮
ணࠬ,  ⠪  ᮢ襭⢮ ᢮ 孨 ணࠬ஢. 
 ᯮ짮 ᠭ  ४樨  室  ணࠬ  楫
祭  ਥ ணࠬ஢,   ⥬,  ᯮ   ⮣,
⮡  㦨 ணࠬ,  㬥  ᢮,  ⭮ ⠪,
  ⭥᫨   祫,       㦨
ଠ.

                         2.1. 騥 ४樨.
  ⥩訩 ਥ ᮪ ⨭ ⮨  ⮬, ⮡ ᤥ 묨
梥 ᨬ (INK)  䮭 (PAPER).
    ,  ணࠬ  ᤥ   ࠭   PRINT
⠢  ⢥ ६ ࠢ 梥.
ਬ,  砫 ணࠬ :
         10 INK 7: PAPER 7
  室 ᯮ㥬 ଠ 梥:
         20 PRINT INK 0;  "ZX SPECTRUM"
㣮 ਥ ⮨  ᪠  ᨬ ⥬  "䠫訢"
祭 ⥬ ६ CHARS.  ਬ ६  :
         POKE 23606,8: PRINT "ZX SPECTRUM": POKE 23606,0

                         *        *       *

    讥 㯫: ⪮ ᠭ ⥬ ६ CHARS.
   ⭮, ⥬ ६ CHARS ⢥⢥   ᯮ
   "SPECTRUM".  ᢮ 筮 ᮤঠ  㪠뢠  
, ⮣  ,  筥   ,  室  256 ⮢
.   ஢:
         PRINT PEEK  23606
         PRINT PEEK  23607
   㧭,    :
         PRINT   23606 + 256 * PEEK 23507 + 256
    15616.  ⮬   23606 室 0,    23607 -
᫮ 60.
। ࠪ᪨ ᯮ짮 ⮩ ⥬ ६ ᫥ ⬥
 ᮧ ᢮ ⮢  .. ᪮  㣨 樮, 
⠪ ४祭 ⮢    㣮. ஡  孮
ࠧ࠭  ࠧࠡ⪥ "訥  襣 "", 襭
મ  1989 .
   砭  ਢ  ਬ ᯮ짮  ⮩
⥬ ६.   , ⭮, ,   㧪
 ଥ ணࠬ ᯮ 稪.    ࠧ,
  ﭭ 㪮稢  (㬥襭  ᢨ⥫ 
 㧪,  ᠬ  뢠 ।⢥ ᪮쪮 㧨,
 ᪮쪮 ⠫), ᯮ짮,  ⭮  ணࠬ SPLITTING,  ⠪
஢ 稪, 騥 堭᪨,  ⥬,  뢠
஡  ⮬.
  ஬ ⮣, ⠪ ,  堭᪨ 稪, ᯮ짮
 ६ 樨  ணࠬ FIST III (० DEMONSTRATION,   
 ᦥ 㧪, ᫨    ).
    堭᪮ 稪  ᮧ  , ᫨
ᯮ짮  ⥬ ६ CHARS.
   ।  ணࠬ   :
         10 FOR I=80 TO 0 STEP -1
         20 POKE 23606,1 :PAUSE 10
         30 PRINT AT 11,16;"0"
         40 NEXT I
   祭  䥪  ⮬,      横
஢ FOR-NEXT 楤ன, ⢥⢥   ᯥ뢠 8 ⮢
।  0 (  砥).    室 ⥬
६   室  ᢮ ⨭ 祭,    ⮣, 
蠡    ᯮ 冷, ᮧ ⫥, 





                                 -13-
 ᫥   㣮  ⠭  뢠.
  奬᪨    ।⠢ ⠪:

   |  X X    |                             |__X X____|___             
   |____X____|___                          |    X    |                
   |    X    |                             |    X    |                
   |  XXXXX  |                             |  XXXXX  |                
   |         | ,             |         | ,
   |         |                    |         |       
   |   XXXX  | ࠭ (8X8)                |   XXXX  | ࠭ (8X8)   
   |   X  X  |                             |   X  X  |                
   |     X   |                            |_____X___|_              
   |____X____|___                          |    X    |                
   |   X     |                             |   X     |                
   |   XXXX  |                             |   XXXX  |                
   |         |                             |         |                
                                                                      
                1.                                   2.         

   ⮩ 奬 ਧ⠫쭮 ᯮ  蠡 ᨬ, ࠭騥 
, ,  ᨬ  ⮣,    㪠뢠 ⥬ CHARS, 
, 饩  ࠭, ( ࠭    8X8).
  ᪠騥  , 騥  堭᪮ 稪,
  ,    ⨣ 室  稭 -   ਬ 0.

                         *        *       *

 ⠪, ⥬ ६ CHARS   ᯮ짮   
⨭  ᨪ ணࠬ. ᫨ ᮢ     , 
 祣 , ਬ,  23607,200,   ᨬ  룫拉,
 ஡   ࠭  祣  㤥.   室 । 直
஬ PRINT  ଠ ०  몫  ᫥ PRINT.


      2.2. ᠫ쭠 ⥬  - ⮤ 㫥 ப.
     ணࠬ  ZX SPECTRUM    㫥 ப.  
設⢥ ணࠬ  믮 ᫥騥 㭪樨:
         1)  設 , ࠧ饭 ᫥  REM 
            ।஢.
         2)   ⨭ ⮩  ᨪ,  ࠧ饭  㫥
            ப.
         3)   ।஢ ᥩ, ⠢塞 ଠ 
            騪.
   ⮣, ⮡ ᤥ  ப ணࠬ 㫥, 室 
:
          23755,0:  23756,0
  ࠧ ப   0.  ॠ쭮 ࠡ뢠 ணࠬ 
  ।஢, . .   맢  EDIT.
  । 襬  㭨ᠫ쭠 ⥬  砥  ᥡ
"㫥"  ப ணࠬ (ࠧ㬥,  ⮤ ⢥ ⮫쪮 
ணࠬ,    ᫮  ᫮ 室 - GOTO,
GOSUB   䥪⨢ ਮ⠥   ணࠬ,
ࠢ 㧪).  ⠭ , . . ணࠬ 믮
  ᫥⥫쭮,   ப ᯮ ⮫쪮  -
室. २   ⮣ ⮤ 쭮 :  㤠筮 ⠭
  ⮤   ⨭, ᯮ騬 ࠢ騥  (஡
ᠭ  ᫥饩 ),   ᤥ ⥪ 襩 ணࠬ
 ⠥.
  ⢨⥫쭮, ᮫⭮ "㫥"    㪠 ஬
LIST     蠣  ணࠬ.     LIST 0,
ࢠ  ப ணࠬ   ᯮ짮 ⠬ ࠢ 
ᤥ   梥 INK  PAPER,   ஥ ⥪ ணࠬ  ⥭
㣨 ᯮᮡ.
   ࠧࠡ⠭  ⮤ "㫥".   믮 , 
।⢥ 訬 ⨥. ன -   ⮬᪨, ᯮ
ᯥ樠쭮 ᮧ   楫 ணࠬ.   ।⥫쭮,   
,  ᯮ짮  ⮤, ᪮     㧭
 ᨪ  ॥ ᢮ ਭ樯 ࠡ . , ⥬ 
,  ⮩    ᬮ७  室.  ⮣, ⮡
ࠢ쭮 ந "㫥" , 室 ⪮ ।⠢ ᥡ
 ᨪ ப,  ᫮  ।⠢  :
          NN <⥪ ப> ENTER, :
             -  ப, ᠭ  ᫠;
            NN -  ப, ᠭ ⮦  ᫠.
    ᨪ   ப ⢮  , 祬 
 訩  ,   訩. ( ,  , 祬
ᮡ  ⠪ ᫥⥫쭮, ४  ஡
ଠ  ⮬  ⮬ "મ"  蠣  設 ).
   ப ᮢ  訬 室 ⥪⮬,  ᪫祭 ⮣, 
᫠ ।⠢  ᪮쪮  . ( ஡  ⮩  
⥬ ।⠢ ᥫ ⠩  ⮬  ⮬  . 1  .56).
蠥 ப ᫮   ENTER - 13 (ਭ).
   ⮣, ⮡ ᤥ  ப 襩 ணࠬ 㫥묨, 室
ᬮ   祩  ᨪ ,   ᨪ ப,
।,     室   ப, 
  祥, ᫥ 祣   ᫠   祩 0 
.
   祭   祥  ᨪ, 室 ᯮ짮
 ணࠬ,  ࠧ蠥  ᠬ  ᨪ:
         9997 FOR  I=23755  6500
         9998 PRINT I;TAB 7;PEEK I; TAB  11; CHR$  (PEEK  I)
         9999 NEXT I
   ⨬  ணࠬ  GOTO 9997, ᫥ 祣  ࠭ 㤥
  襩 ணࠬ (।  ப  
࠭ ᫥ ⮣,    㦥 室  ணࠬ)  ᫥襬
ଠ:
         -  祩 ;
         - 筮 祭 ᫠, ᮤঠ饣 ⠬;
         - ᨬ, ᮮ⢥騩  .
    ᨬ, ᮮ⢥ ᮤন 祥,  㢨
ਡ⥫ ⨭ ᢮ ணࠬ. 襩 祩  㦨
砭  ப ᨪ. ⥫⢮ ⮣ 㦨  ENTER -13 .
祬, ᫨ 筮 祭 13 ᯥ⠥  ࠭,  ᨬ C$ 13
   ZX SPECTRUM   ⢨ 室  ᫥
ப.  㦨, ⠪ ࠧ,  祩,  ன ᮤন  13,
ᢨ⥫騩  砭 ப ᨪ,  뢠  ᫥
  祥 , ⮡ ⮬ ᫠   0  .
   ⬥,   室 ண ᫥  ⥬, ⮡ 
ॢ  0  ப, ⢫ "" 祥 . ᫥ ⮣,
   "㫥",  室 㭨⮦ ப 9997. . . 9999.
 室 ભ    ⠫,   ࠡ 
ணࠬ ᯥ⪨ ᮤন 祥. ᫨  ணࠬ   
稭 ⠭  ᮮ饭  訡 ⨯ INVALID COLOR;  NUMBER  BIG
 . . ,   筮     NEXT I   ""
த.
  ன ⮤ 砥  ᯮ짮 ணࠬ   "㫥". 
,    , . .  ப  "㫥"  ,
 ணࠬ  ᠬ⥫쭮:




                                 -14-
         9990 REM () ணࠬ 堨  , ,  010207
                  , 1991
         9991 FOR  I=23758  65000
         9992 IF  I=13 N IF PEEK (I+1)=39 AND  (I+2)=6 HEN STOP
         9993 IF PEEK I=13 THEN POKE(I+1),0: POKE (I+2),0: LET  I=I+4
         9994 NEXT I
   ணࠬ ⠪ ࠧ頥   ᨪ- ( 室 ண
ᮡ ஢ ப)  ⢫ ७㬥   । 
ப  0. ᫥ ࠡ  ணࠬ ⠪ 室 㭨⮦. 
   ᫥饬 ਭ樯:
         -  横   襩 室 ணࠬ, 祬  㦥
 ப ( ⮬ ᢨ⥫  ᨬ ENTER - CHR$(13) ), 
᫥饩   ப .
  ப 9992 ⢫ ஫ ⠪ ࠧ, ⮡  
ॢ饭  0 () ஢ ப 襩 ணࠬ, ( 室 
 9990, ⮬ 稥 ⮩ ப - 易⥫쭮), ᫥ 襭
ࠡ ணࠬ ⠭ ஬ STOP.
   ணࠬ, ,  ᬮ    ᠬ  ப 襩
室 ணࠬ.  ⮣, ⮡     ,  ਤ 
  :
          23755,0
          23756,0
    ணࠬ 饭:     ப  맢 
।஢.

                 2.3. ᯮ짮 ࠢ .
       ᫥ ⥩  
ᯮ짮  ZX SPECTRUM ࠢ .  ⮬ ࠧ, 饬 
ᥡ ᪮쪮 ⥩,   ਬ   ,  ᯮ짮 
ᨪ ணࠬ  楫  ⨢ ,  ⠪ ਬ 
 ᮧ ਣ쭮 .
    砫    ⥫   ,  ஡
    ⮬ ᯮ짮 ࠢ ᨬ.

                         *        *       *

 ४  ⠪   ࠧ "쪨 "  ZX-
PEB" 91,   . 116  140-142 筮 ஡ ࠧࠫ 
ᯮ짮 ࠢ    PRINT.

                         *        *       *

                         2.3.1. 
    稢  ᢮ ᮭ ஢, 
짮⥫ 뢠 讪஢,  ⠭ 㧪, ⮡ ᬮ
ᮤঠ ଥ ணࠬ,  ࢮ ப   
ᯫ ப ( )  - , ਬ: CRACKED BY BILL
GILBERT () .
    ⢮ ⠪  ணࠬ    த
(BILL GILBERT   ਬ - ࠧ㬥, 㣨 "" ⮦ ᯮ
ࠢ騥 ).   ᠬ ணࠬ 㢨  㤠.  
ࠢ   ᬥ ⥪ ணࠬ   ࠢ  ப,
ᯮ     ࠭, ࠢ 梥⮢ ᨬ  䮭,
ॣ㫨஢ 栭  ᮧ 襭 મ,   ०
  뢠  ᨬ  㣮.
  ஬ ⮣, ᯥ樠쭮   ᮮ饭  , 騩
ய᪠ ࠧ 16 ᨬ  ப, . .      16 ᨬ
⨯ "஡".
   ਭ樯 ࠡ ࠢ    ᮧ ப,
 ᠭ  砫,  ⠪ ⠪ ⠭ 梥, ⮡ ⥪
ணࠬ  뫮 , ஬ ⮣, ࠢ騥   ᯮ짮 
"" -  䠩,     ᫮ PROGRAM 
㧪,   ᯮ  ணࠬ   窥 ࠭, 
ᤥ    㣮 ६.
   ⠪ ਥ  ࠡ  䠩 ਡ  騪 ଥ
ணࠬ (. EXOLOH, GAMEOVER   .. ).

                      2.3.2.   蠣.
  ᬮਬ ନ஢ ப     - 
ᨪ᪨ ᥩ.  ⮣  砥  ⮬,   
ࠢ ᨬ  ᬥ蠥    ⠪ ࠧ, ⮡
 ४뢠   ப, ⠪  ᨪ᪨  (筮 
  ᯮ  REM).
  稬  ਬ,  ⨬, ⮡ ᫥ ⠭ ணࠬ  
 LIST   ᢥ 﫠  ( , 㪠뢠饣, 
 ப ᨪ-ணࠬ   - ஢):
         GOOD LUCK TO YOU YOUHG CRACK
,  ॢ  ᪮ 砥: 㤠 ⥡  騪.
          ⮣ ६ ᨪ-ப:
         1 R LLLLLLLLLL  GOOD LUCK TO YOU YOUHG CRACK
   ஬ REM   ᨬ L (ᨬ L    
㣨, ਭ樯쭮 祭   ),  ⠪  L  ᭮
     ஡.    "䠡ਪ", 
㤥   ᮮ⢥⢨  ࠭ ⠢ 楫.  ⮣ ⪮
। ᫥⥫쭮  ⢨:
         1) 砫 ᬥ⨬ ᮡ ⮤ 室   
             .
         2)  梥 INK 室 .
         3)  梥 PAPER  室 .
  㤥 ᫥⥫쭮 믮  㭪:
         1.  ⮣, ⮡ ᬥ   6  , 
室 ᫠ ࠢ騥 ᨬ  " " -  6
ᨬ L.  ⮣ ६  
         FOR  I=23760  23765: I,8:NEXT  I
  , ᫨   訡 ࠫ 室 ப  ஬ REM 
ࠢ쭮    ,     LIST  
㢨  ࠭ , ᮤঠ 4 ᨬ L  ᭮ ,  㦥
  ப    R.
  믮 ன 㭪:
         2. ,   ᢮ ணࠬ,   
梥 PAPER  INK.   室, ⮡   ᫮  
뫠 .
    楫 室  梥 ।⢥  . 
    , 뫠  ᨬ L  ࠢ
梥⮬:
          23766,16
          23767,0
    祩 23766  뫠  ࠢ 梥⮬ INK,   祩 23767
।⢥ 祭 梥.   砥 ᨬ   
梥 INK.
  ᫥ ⮩ 樨  ࠭     ᨬ L  ᫥ 
 ᭮ .
         3.  梥 PAPER.
   ந 筮 ⠪  ᯮᮡ:
         POKE 23768,17
          23769,7
    砥  祩  ᮬ 23768  ᫨  ࠢ 梥⮬
PAPER,   祩 23769 ।⢥ ᫮ 祭 梥 䮭. 
,   ࠭ ᫥   LIST, 㤥 ᮤঠ
⮫쪮 ,    .
   ᫨  ⥯   
         INK 0: PAPER  0: BORDER 0: CLS
 ᫥   LIST 稬 ⨭,  ⮩,  
 ᫥ ⠭  ଥ ணࠬ.
    ஠㥬,     稫  襩 砫쭮
筮 ⮩ ᨪ-ப.





                                 -15-

        23755 ? 0     祩
        23756 ? 1   ᯮ  ப
        23757 ? 44    祩
        23758 ? 0   ᯮ  ப
       
        23759 REM 234  室   REM
       
        23760 8      ᯮ ࠢ騩
        23761 8      ᨬ 
        23762 8     
        23763 8
        23764 8
        23765 8
       
        23766 16     室 ࠢ騥.
        23767 0      ࠢ 梥⮬ INK.
       
        23768 17     ᯮ
        23769 7     ࠢ騥 , ⢥⢥  梥 PAPER
       
        23770        ᯮ 
        .....       室 ⥪: GOOD
        23797       LUCK TO YOU YOUNG CRACK
       
   ।। ⥫,   ⮣, ⮡ 믮 
襨 室, ⮡ ⥬ ६ PROG, ᯮ 
 23635-23636 㪠뢠 砫 ᨪ-ப   23755.  㤥
ᥣ, ᫨   﫨  (᫥ ⬥,   祭 
 ᠬ  祭 ன ਨ,  ⭮ 䥩ᮢ
譨 ன, ਬ ZX-INTERFACE-1).
  ᬮਬ  ⢥ ᫥饣 ਬ   , 筮 
ᯮ㥬 ࠬ ਥ. ਬ,  ⮣, ⮡ ᤥ 쭥訩
⥪ ணࠬ (ᯮ ᫥ ப,   ନ  ।饬
ਬ) ⠥, 室 ᤥ ⠪, ⮡  ᫥ 
 LIST ᠬ ⠭ ᯥ  室  .  
ᤥ ᪮쪨 ᯮᮡ,  ⢥ ਬ ᬮਬ   .
  ᫥ ⮣,   ᯥ⠥ ப  ਢ⢨  騪,
    (-⠪   ࠢ ᨬ)  ⮬,
   梥 ࠢ. ᫨ ⠪ ଠ 㤥 祭,
 ᯥ⪠ ⠭  뤠祩 ᮮ饭 INVALID COLOR (ࠢ 梥).
   ⠭ ᯥ⪨  室 ,   १ࢨ஢
 2 ᨬ  ⮬ "䠡ਪ",   ᯮ짮  ਬ.
  ⥫쭮, ப ᨪ-ணࠬ  ࢮ砫쭮 ਠ 㤥 
:
         1 REM L...L  室 ⥪ LL
               -----
            10 ᨬ

   ⮣, ⮡ ⠭ ᯥ, 室   ᨬ LL,
ᯮ ᫥ 室 ,  ࠢ騥 , ࠢ  祭
⠪ ࠧ, ⮡  ᮧ    梥⮢.
  ⮡ 㧭  祩,  ன ᯮ ᫥ ᨬ ᭮
,  室  ᫥ 祭  । ⮩  (
 砥 25769) ਡ ⢮ ᨬ, ᮤঠ  
.   GOOD LUCK  YOU  YOUNG  CRACK  ᮤন  28 ᨬ (
   ⮫쪮 㪢,   ஡). ⥫쭮, ⥯  
⠭  祩,  ன 室  ࢮ 㪢 L, ࢮ  
, 묨    : 23769+28=23797
   23797 㪠뢠  ᫥ ᨬ 襩 , ᫥⥫쭮,
᫨     ᭮   ன ᨬ LL ஡, 祩,
ᮤঠ ࢮ L   ᫥騩 :
         23797+1=23798
஢ਬ ,   PRINT CHR$(PEEK 23798).
   ࠭   ᨬ L,   ⮣, ⮡ 㡥  
諨  祩  ࢮ L,   ண,  : PRINT
CHR$(PEEK  23799).  ࠭  ⮦  L.   㦭 
ࢮ ᨬ L ᫠  ࠢ 梥⮬ INK:
          23798,16
  ᫥ ⮣ ,  , 㯠騥  ࠢ騬
ᨬ, ⥮᪨  㤥 믮 ᫥ :
         INK  76
(..  ᨬ L = 76),      ⠭ ᯥ,
뤠 ᮮ饭  ࠢ쭮 梥:
         INVALID COLOR

   1.
Ŀ
    0       1     2     3   4     5      6      7     8      9   
Ĵ
0                          TRUE  INV   PRINT   EDIT  COP
                           Video Video       <---     --->
Ĵ
10  DELETEENTER᫮ ० .    . .    . 
                        Graph INK    Paper Flash  Bright
Ĵ
20 .    .  .  .                                      
  INVERSE  OVER   AT   TAB                                       






                                 -16-
   2.
Ŀ
                       祭                   
Ĵ
0,1             ᯮ ᫥ "INK", "PAPER", "OVER",      
                   "INVERSE","FLASH", "BRIGHT", "AT"   "TAB".   
                                                                   
2-5             ᯮ ⮫쪮 ᫥ "INK", "PAPER","AT"   
                    "TAB",                                      
                                                                   
 6      COMMA      믮 ⠡       
       CONTROL     ப.                                         
                                                                   
 7      EDIT       , ᮧ ணࠬ     
                    ⨨ "CAPS SHIFT"  "1". ⠥     
                   ᨬ  ,  ᯮ  "BELL" 
                     ਭ  ନ.                  
                                                                   
 8      BACK       , ᮧ ணࠬ               
        SPACE        ⨨ "CAPS SHIFT"  "5".      
                   ।  . ਭ        
                   設⢮ ਭ஢, ..  ASCII       
                   室 .                                 
                                                                   
 9      RIGHT      , 㥬 ணࠬ              
        SPACE        ⨨ "CAPS SHIFT"  "8".      
                    ६饭  ࠢ,         
                   ᯮ짮    .       
                   ASCII  ⠡㫨஢  ப.         
                                                                   
 10     DAWN         襯ਢ,   "CAPS SHIFT"     
       SPACE       "6".  ASCII   ப.           
                                                                   
 11   UPSPACE        襯ਢ,   "CAPS SHIFT"     
                   "7".  ASCII   ᬥ饭 ⠥      
                   樨 .                                  
                                                                   
 12    DELETE        襯ਢ,   "CAPS SHIFT"     
                   "0".  ASCII   ଠ.          
                                                                   
 13     ENTER        ⨨  "ENTER",       
                   믮  ⪨  稢   
                   ப  뢮  ਭ.  ASCII      
                   ॢ ⪨, ।  ப    
                    ணࠬ.                                    
                                                                   
 14                ᯮ  ᥫ  5- ⭮           
                   ଥ.  ASCII  "SHIFT OUT".               
                                                                   
 15                 ⠭⭮   ᯮ.       
                   ASCII  "SHIFT IN".   ᯮ짮     
                    ७ . ਬ   - -   
                   ᨪ 3.0.                                       
                                                                   
 16     INK        ࠢ騩  INK.  ᯮ । , 
       CONTROL     ᮤঠ騬 ᫥ 祭 梥 "INK".      
                    ⬥   ⢥  ᫥ 
                   祭 梥 ᯮ  ASCII  2,    
                   祭 2. ਬ,   梥       
                     ࠭  ᨬ   멳
                    㦭 ᯮ짮 楤 RST 16  16   
                   ॣ   .                           
                                                                   
 17     PAPER      ࠢ騩  PAPER,  ᯮ -     
       CONTROL     筮  INK.  祭, ᫥騥  ,    
                   ᮮ⢥ ⠭ 祭 梥⮢      
                   "".                                    
                                                                   
 18     FLASH        襨,   FLASH.     
       CONTROL      ᮮ⢥⢥ ⮫쪮 0  1.             
                                                                   
 19     BRIGHT     筮 襯ਢ  "FLASH"         
       CONTROL     ⮫쪮   砥 ᯮ          
                   "BRIGHT".                                       
                                                                   
 20     INVERSE      襯ਢ,   "INVERSE".        
        CONTROL                                                    
                                                                   
 21     OVER         襯ਢ,   "OVER".           
       CONTROL                                                     
                                                                   
 22     AT          ஫ "AT",                 
       CONTROL     ᮯ஢ ஬ ப  ⮫         
                   ᮮ⢥⢥.                                 
                                                                   
 23     TAB          襯ਢ,   "TAB",     
       CONTROL     砥   ᮯ஢ ⮫쪮         
                   祭 ⮫.                              


  ᫨  ६ "㫨" ப ᢮ ᭮ ணࠬ  ⠪
"㫨"   ப, . . ,  ନ  , 
  23756,0:  23755,0  ⥯,   LIST  
 ࠭ ᮮ饭, ஥ ⠢﫮  室 ,  த
ᯥ   ᬮ . .  㪠  ᫥騥 ப
襩 ணࠬ    LIST -    㫥 .
    LIST 0 ᭮ ᯥ⠥ ப  室 ᮮ饭.
   ਬ 2  ⮣, ⮡  쭥訩 ⨭,  ᮧ 
ࠢ 梥.   㯨 , ਬ, ᤥ ᫥ 室
 묨 梥 INK  PAPER.  ᯥ    
᮪⨨ ⨭.  :
          23798,16
          23799,7
  ,  ⮦ ६,   㤥  쥧 , ᫨  
㡥  ࠭ - , . . ᫥   LIST ࠭
㤥 த ⠢ .    ⨣  ⮬ 砥,
᫨  ᤥ 묨 梥 ᨬ  䮭   室 
(ண , 室   ⮬ 砥 ⯠).
    ᫥ ᬥ饭 ப  6 ᥫ  (. ਬ 1 㭪 1)
祩 :
          23766,16
          23767,7
          23768,17
          23769,7
   ⮬    ਬ ࠢ   ,  
᫥  ਠ 㤥 ᬮ७  ⠫쭮.   ⥬,
⮡  稭   , ४ த ᠭ ᯥਬ 
.  㤥 ᯮᮡ⢮ 襬  ਠ.

                 2.3.3.  ࠢ騥   ZX SPECTRUM.
  ࠢ騥   ZX SPECTRUM ᯮ ⠪ ,    㣨
  ࠢ   ࠭   ਭ.  ਢ
⠡ 1  2.
  ⥫쭮 稢 । ਠ,  ᬮ 業 ᯮ짮
ࠢ騥   ᢮ ࠧࠡ⪠.

                         ( )





                                  -17-
         . ब, . .                 ॢ  宭  ..

                              40  

                                  
     ᮪饭 ॢ  "40 Best Machine Code
Routines For The ZX Spectrum With Explanatory Text". J.Hardrman & A. Hewson.
ᮤঠ饩  ᥡ  ணࠬ  設   쬠 ஡묨
ࠧ᭥ﬨ ਭ樯  ࠡ.
  ⥫ ᮪饭 ࣫  ࠧ ਣ,  
ᬠਢ  ୮ ନ  ⥬  Z80 -
ᮢ㥬   ⮬  ணࠬ஢  設 ,
襭 "મ".
   ⮢  ᮡ 뫨 ⠪ ᪫祭 ᠭ ணࠬ,
  ।⠢,   , ᮡ .

                                  
                               1.  
   ⮩  - ᯥ  稭饣, ⠪  ⭮ 짮⥫
 ZX SPECTRUM 묨, 묨  ࠧ⥫묨 ணࠬ
 設 .    2 ࠧ.
    뢠  ᮡ SPECTRUMa,   
ணࠬ஢  設 ,  楤 ⥬ ,  ⠪
 設 몠.
    ।⠢ ᠬ ணࠬ.  ।⠢  ⠭⭮ ଠ,
 ⠫쭮 ᠭ  砫 ࠧ. ணࠬ  祭, ..
   㦥  ᯮ짮 㠫쭮,  饭  㣨
ணࠬ.
  । ணࠬ   㦥   ⮣ 稪
設  (MC-LOADER - . ), ᠭ  砫 ࠧ .

                             
                                
  ய Z80A,   ண ᤥ ZX SPECTRUM,  
।⢥ ᫮ . ,  PRINT, IF, TAB,  . .  ⮣
 믮 ਪ ᯥ樠쭮 몠 - ᢮ ७ 設 .
楤 ,  ਤ SFECTRUMy  㠫쭮, ᠭ 
⮬ ᯥ樠쭮 몥    讣 ⢠ ⠭
ணࠬ  -뢮 ⨭, ஢  믮 
BASICAa  .
  ਬ, ⠭ ணࠬ   Z80A ("  ,
...").  ᫨, ਬ,  BASICa - ᫮ PRINT,   ,
᫨ ᫥騩   ६;   , ᫨ ᫥騩  -
  . .
  設  ⮨  ᫥⥫쭮 ⥫ 楫 ᥫ ( 0 
255),   ⢨  Z80A.  設 ᯮ  
।⠢ ᥫ,  室  祫    ⠪
ଥ.  㤥 ᯮ짮  ,  ࠡ뢠  -
   .
    ࠧ ப  ᥫ 㤭 ஢ 
⮬  ᫠ 筮 ८ࠧ뢠  ᯥ樠 
(ᥬ),  ।⠢ ᮡ । ॢ. 
ᥬ 뢠 ⠪ ⮬,  ᯥ樠쭠 ணࠬ, 뢠
, ᯮ  ࠡ⪨ ("ᡮ  ᥬ஢") 
 設   ᠭ (ନ஢) ணࠬ.
  ॡ ⮫쪮  ᫮, ⮡ 筮 ।   Z80A.
ਬ,   ᮤন ॣ   ॣ D - 
筮 ᫮ 81 (ନ "ॣ"  ⠫쭮 ᠭ   3,  
筮 ᫨  㤥 ਭ   D,  ६ BASIC). 
⠪   筮 ᮮ⢥⢨   ᫮  . 81,
ਬ, 뢠  몥 ,  LD D, ("LD", ,
᮪饭 ᫮ "load" 㧨).   ᥬ  
  ॢ  ⮩ 稭   뢠 .
 ᫮  ॡ 2, 3  4 ᫠. ,  ࠢ, 
।⠢  ᯮ   ᥬ. . 1.1. 뢠
ᯨ᮪ ᪮쪨 ᥫ,    ⪮ ᭥ ⢨ Z80A.
  ப () ⠡ ਬ LD D, ᬠਢ , ப (b)  ()
뢠,  ⥫쭮 ᫮   㦥  ॣ
(ᯮ  ᫠: ࢮ । ⢨, ஥  
믮,  ஥ । ᫮, ஥   㦥). ப
(d) 뢠,  讥 楫 ᫮   㦥   ॣ
(  L) .  ஥   ᫠ ।,  ᫠ 
 㦥. ᫥ ਬ  ப ()  塠⮢
  㧪 讣 楫 ᫠   ॣ஢ IX.  ,
    ᥫ ⠪ ,   ப (d).  ⥫쭮 ࢮ
᫮ ।  ॣ஢ IX  HL.
   設 몠   ஡   3,  
ᯨ᮪  ᥬ Z80A       ய୮
孨  ணࠬ஢.
  ⠪,   :     ?
       ⮬,  , 
짮⥫  믮, ᫨誮  믮.  ⮬ ⭮襭
ZX SPECTRUM  ᪫祭. ᬮਬ, ਬ, ஡ ࠭

   1.1.  ਬ 設  Z80A
Ŀ
뫪 筮           ਩                 
         ᫮                                                   
Ĵ
(a)      81           LD  D,C       㧨  D ᮤন C   
                                                                 
(b)      14  27       LD  C,27       ᫮ 27  C.      
                                                                 
()      14  13       LD  C,13       ᫮ 13  C.      
                                                                 
(d)      33 27 52     LD HL,13339    13339         
                                    ॣ஢ HL.        
                                    : 27+256*52= 13339;  
                                    27   L;  52 -    
                                      H.                 
                                                                 
()      221 33 27 52 LD  IX,13339   13339   -   
                                    ஢ IX.                  





                                 -18-
 ⮡ࠦ ࠭  RAM ()  ஢  ⭮  ࠭ 
楫 ᮧ 䥪 ⨯樨.
   ࠦ  梥⮢ ਡ  6912 .  ணࠬ
BASICa ࠭ ⮡ࠦ ࠭,     ६ -  70
ᥪ㭤:
         5 CLEAR 58623
         10 FOR  I=0  6911
         20  58624+I, (16384+I)
         30 NEXT I
  稭 ⠪  ࠡ  ⮬,  SPECTRUM   ᥣ ६
 ஢  BASICa ।  믮. ஥ ⢮
६ ⠪   ८ࠧ ᥫ  塠  (
 Z80A)   ᥫ  ⨡⭮ ଥ ( 묨 
BASIC),  ⠪  믮 ⨡⮢ 䬥⨪.
  ,  襬 ਬ  ॡ᪥ ࠭   믮 ᫥騥
蠣:
         1. ਡ I  16384.
         2. ८ࠧ १    ⮢.
         3. ⠭ ᮤন  .
         4. ਡ I  58624.
         5. ८ࠧ १   2- ⮢.
         6. ࠭ 祭 () 祭    ().
         7. ਡ 1  祭 I  ࠭ १.
         8.  I  6911. ᫨ १ ⥫,    㭪 1.
   ६ 宦 横, SPECTRUM  ஢   ᭮,
⠪    砥   ᯮ  ࠭
᫥⥫쭮 । ⢨.  㢨,   
 99 業⮢ ६  ⮢  믮 ,   
믮 ᠬ . 筠 ணࠬ  設   ࠭
࠭ 믮 ࠪ᪨ . ਬ ⠪ ணࠬ   
.

                 2.    ZX  SPECTRUM
   -  設,  ᯮᮡ  ᫥⥫쭮 
 ⥬ 믮 . 筮, ⮡ ᤥ ⠪, ॡ ,  ன
   ࠭. ZX SPECTRUM   ⨯ .  ⨯ -
 (ROM),  ஬ ᮤন 䨪஢ ᫥⥫쭮 権,
  設  ⮢⥫.
  ன ⨯ -  (RAM). RAM - "  ᥩ" . 
 믮 ,  뢭 ᬠਢ,  室  RAM
("⥭"  )   ᮤন RAM (""  ). SPECTRUM
 ᯮ ᢮ ""  ᥩ 砩.   RAM
ᯮ  ࠭ ࠧ  ଠ樨. ணࠬ BASICa,
 짮⥫, ਬ, ࠭    RAM,   ६ 
६, ᯮ㥬 ⮩ ணࠬ, ࠭  㣮 . 
""  ᥩ ࠭祭,  ⮬ 設 筠  ।
࠭⢠  ଠ樨,   ࠭.  ࠭⢮
ᮡ࠭   , , ᫨ 짮⥫   ப  ᢮
ணࠬ, ଠ  RAM   "ᮢ"  ᥩ ,
ᯮ  ᢮   ⠢ ⥫쭮 ப.
   ⥫쭮 ⥯   饭 ᭥ ࣠樨 RAM
SPECTRUMa, ⠪   ணࠬ ࠧ  ।祭  権 
RAM.  ᮤন  ᥡ ᠭ ᯫ 䠩, ਡ⮢, 
ਭ, ⥬ ६, ணࠬ    ணࠬ
६.   ࠧ 뢠 ⠭ ணࠬ  ROM, 
 뫠 ணࠬ   .

                          
  RAM  49152 祩 .  祩  ࠭ 筮 楫
᫮  0  255 ⥫쭮   ᮬ,  
⥫ 楫 ᫮  0  65535.    0  16383 䨪஢
 ﭭ  - ROM.    RAM  () - 16384. . 2. 1. -
襭   SPECTRUMa,   뢠,  ᯮ RAM 
 16384.
  ᯫ ,  ࠭ ⮡ࠦ  ࠭ ଠ, 
祩  16384  22527. ਡ,  । 梥, મ  ..
   ࠭ ᫥ ।⢥ :  祩 22528
- 23295.
   5 ᮢ    2.1.  䨪஢묨, ..
ᯫ 䠩, ਡ  ..  䨪஢ . 
 祭    தࠩ.  讥 ਩
ன⢮ ।⠢ ᮡ  ।  䮭  ᪮.
㡮  -  襢 ୠ⨢ ᪮.   ࠡ
⨣   ⮣,  ,  ஭,    祭 ᮪
᪮,   㣮 -   ࣠樨 אַ   䠩,  
᪥,   ᫥⥫쭮,   䮭 .   ⮣
⮡     ࠭  묨  ⮬,  ᠭ  
ᥪ தࠩ     뤥   
தࠩ. ᫨ தࠩ ( 筥 INTERFACE -1, १  
砥), ᮥ  SPECTRUMy   ᮤন ଠ  
ᥪ. ᫨    ᮥ,    㦭 
 Ŀ
  ⮢      祩            ন                   
   ⥬   ⥬                                 
   ६        ६                                      
 Ĵ
    16384               -            ᯫ 䠩                 
    22528               -            ਡ                        
    23296               -             ਭ                  
    23552               -            ⥬ ६            
    23734               -             தࠩ               
    CHAHS             23631           ଠ樨      
    PROG              23635           砫 ணࠬ        
                                                              
    VARS              23627           砫             
                                     ணࠬ ६.         
    E-LINE            23641            ।஢    
    WORKSP            23649           INPUT                     
    STKBOT            23651          ⥪                
    STKEND            23653                          
    SP                  -            設 ⥪  ⥪ GOSUB      
    RAMTOP            23730          짮⥫᪨ ணࠬ   
                                      設 .                
    UDG               23675          䨪 짮⥫.           
    -A             23732          ᪠ 設 .         
 Ĵ
        2.1.  . ⥫ ⥪ SP ࠭        
        RAM,   SP - ॣ ய Z80A.                  
 





                                 -19-
 ⮬ 砥   (ଠ  ) ࠧ饭 ।⢥
 ⢥⮩ , ⥬묨 ६묨, .. ⮢  
ଠ樨     ᫥ ⥩  䨪஢,  
"" -  RAM. SPECTRUM ࠭ ⮢    ⥩
 ⥬ ६.  ⥬ ६ 室 । ⮩
தࠩ  祩 23552 -23733 ⥫쭮.     ६
ண 䨪஢묨.
   祥,  ࠭ ⮢   "" ⥩,
   2 ⠡ 2.1.   砫 ணࠬ BASICa, ਬ,
࠭  祩 23635  23636   ⥬ ६.
  ਬ砭: 뫪  ⥬ ६   ,  ஬ 
࠭, 쭮 㤮.  ⮩ 稭   2.1.  1- 
 ᫮  ⥬ ६,   㤮 ⮫쪮 
짮⥫,   ६  SPECTRUMOM , ⢥,  ᯮ.
ਬ,  ப:
         PRINT PROG
 ᮮ饭  訡 "2: variable not found" ("६  ").

                           
    -     ⮣,  ஬ ᯮ
RAM-.  ।⢥ ࠢ RAM ᯮ 祢 ᫮
BASICa -   ,   ᬮ   ᮤন
 祩 .  - 㭪 :
          <>
   -  楫 ⥫쭮 ᫮  0  65535  䬥᪮
ࠦ, ஥, 믮,  ⥫쭮 ᫮.  
䬥᪮ ࠦ  ᪮, ..  16384 + 2 ,
 (2 + १  16384), ⮣   (16384 + 2) ,
  16386
  祭, 뤠 㭪樥  -  ᫮, ࠭饥   
 ⥪騩 .  ᥣ 㤥 ⥫  0  255.
   﫮,  ⥬ ६ PROG ࠭   23635, 
祭 PROG <..   RAM) ᥣ  ᫠ 255. ⥫쭮, 
 ࠭ 室  ᬥ 祩  ᠬ 23635  23636. 祭
PROG   祭    ப:
         PRINT "PROG=";  PEEK  23635 + 256 *  23636
    ࠭  2- ᬥ 祩  ⠪ ଥ    祭
: PRINT  1- 祩 + 256 *  2- 祩
  ਬ, ᫨ SPECTRUM ᯮ  ᮥ தࠩ, 
 தࠩ  㤥 ⢮,  ଠ   㤥
ᯮ ।⢥ ᫥  ⥬ ६, ..
⥬ ६ CHANS   ⠪ ,  ⮢  
தࠩ,   , .. 23734. CHAHS ࠭  23631  23632 ,
᫥⥫쭮, ᫥ : PRINT  23631 + 256 *  23632 㤥 祭
祭 23734.
  㭪    ᯮ짮 ⠪  ᬮ ᮤন  
祥 .  祭 . ᬮ  祩  ਢ  ࠧ襭
 ᪠ ணࠬ  ६.  १   
稢묨, .. ᮤন 祩,  ᬠਢ,  
 祭  ।⢥ ᫥ 믮  ᬮ.
  ਬ, ᫨ ᬠਢ ᮤন 祥,  易  
孨 㣫 ࠭ ᯫ,  १, ᯥ⠭  孥  㣫
࠭,  㦥 ॢ訬, . .   뢮 ࠦ  㦥
  祩.
     ᪮, 祬 㭪 , ..  ,
짮⥫ 訢  㭪樮஢ . ᯮ짮 ⮩
   稭 ᡮ 設   ⠭.
  ଠ :
          <>,<᫮>
   -  ⥫쭮 楫 ᫮  0  65535 ⥫쭮 
䬥᪮ ࠦ, ஥  ⠪ ᫮.  ⮬ 砥 
室  䬥᪮ ࠦ  ᪮, .,  - 
,   㭪 (  ᭠ ,  譨 ᪮
ணࠬ  ᯮ). ᫮, 頥  祩,    0  255
⥫쭮.

                          
  筮 ᯫ ᮤন 24 ப  32 ᨬ. ᯫ 䠩 
祩  16384  22527, .. 6144 祩  饩 ᫮. ⥫쭮,
⢮ 祥, ᯮ㥬  ᨬ:
         6144/(24*32)=8.
   8 祥 ନ ࠦ ᨬ ࠭, 뢠 ⮬.
     祭 饣 ⫥  ⮬,  ࣠
ᯫ 䠩 -   (PRINT) ⨭  ࠭,  (SAVE) ࠭
 , ⪠ ࠭ (CLS)  㧪 (LOAD) ⨭ ࠭ .
ணࠬ 2.1 ࠭ (SAVE)  㦠 (LOAD) ࠭, ᯮ
᪨ ᨬ   5  ᮧ ਣ쭮 ⨭.
   ⨭ 㦠  , ,  ᯫ ࠧ   
 8 ᨬ ப  ,   ப ࠧ  ᥬ
ᥫ . SPECTRUM 㦠 ᭠砫 孨 ᥫ  
 쬨 ப, ⥨ ᫥騥 ᥫ    쬨 ப 
..   ࠧ ନ ।    ᯫ.
  㣮   ନ஢ ᯫ -  ᬮ,  ࠭
8 ⮢,  ᯮ  ନ஢ ᨬ  孥  㣫
࠭.   ନ ᠬ  1/8  ᨬ  ࠧ頥 
砫 ᯫ 䠩   16384.
    16364,0    ᥫ ᠬ 孥 
,   ६,   16384,255    . 
饭   祩 ᫠  0  255  稬  ⮬  ࠭
ࠧ .  ᢥ   ࢮ   ࠭ 
ନ஢ ᫮, ࠭騬  祩 16385, -  祩 ᯮ 
孥  ᥫ  ᥤ ᨬ.   ᢥ  ࢮ
 ନ ᫮, ࠭騬  祩 16384+32*8=16640.
    ࠧ   ⠢   ⮣
.
  ⥫쭮, ࠧ ᨬ  孥  㣫 ࠭ ।
ᮤন ᮢ 16384, 16640, 16896, 17152, 17408, 17664, 17920, 18176.
  ணࠬ 2.2.   ᯥਬ஢,  ࠧ筥 ᫠ 
 ᥬ 祥.  祩  ᯫ 䠩
      Ŀ
        ணࠬ 2.1.                                                    
      Ĵ
        100 FOR  I=0  703                                                
        110 PRINT " "; : REM ᨬ, 室騩   "5"  G-० 
        120 NEXT  I                                                        
        130 SAVE  "Picture"  SCREEN$                                       
        140 CLS                                                            
        150 INPUT "६⠩    ந"; z$       
        160 LOAD  "Picture"  SCREEN$                                       
      




                                 -20-
। ᥬ ᥫ  ࠭.  ⮬ ᫮, ஥ ࠭  
祩, ८ࠧ     ⥬ ⠭ ᥬ ᥫ,
ᮮ⢥⢥  ࠬ. ਬ, 240 ᫥ ८ࠧ  筮
᫮ :  11110000
  ⥫쭮, ᫨ 祩 ᮤন ᫮ 240,   쬨 ᥫ,
ᮮ⢥騥 栬,  ᢥ祭,  ⠢訥 . ⥫쭮,
ᯫ 䠩 ⮨  6144 祥   8 祥   .
   祩 । ਧ⠫   쬨 ᥫ. 祩,
⭮騥   ,  ᯮ ᫥⥫쭮   㣮.

                                 
  ন ᯫ 䠩 ।,  ᥫ ᢥ稢 
࠭, 梥 䮭 (PAPER), ᨬ (INK), મ (BRIGHT)  栭 (FLASH)
।   ਡ⮢.  ਡ⮢  祩 22528 -
23295 -   祩    768 .
  ⢥⢨  ᮤন 祥  䠩 ਡ⮢  ᠬ
ਡ⠬ - ᫥饥: 祭 ਡ = 128*FLASH + 64*BRIGHT + 8*PAPER
+ INK
  FLASH  BRIGHT ਭ 祭 1, ᫨ ᮮ⢥饥 ᫮
⠭, a PAPER  INK ਭ 祭 ॡ㥬 梥,  
  (, ਬ 2).
  ணࠬ 2.3.  ਡ,  ..  祭 ਡ
ᯥ뢠  ᮮ⢥騬 梥⮬ PAPER  INK.

                                 
  256 祥 , ᫥騥   ਡ⮢, ᯮ,   
࠭ ப ᨬ,    ।  ਭ.
   ணࠬ     ᯮ짮  ਭ  ।
 BASIC     ணࠬ.  室  ⮩ 楫,
..  祩 䨪஢  ⭮,  짮⥫  
ᯮ짮  㣨 楫.
  ⢥  ࠭祭  ⮬ 砥 -   ᯮ짮 
BASICa,  ॡ ࠡ  ਭ஬ - LLIST, LPRINT, COPY.
     ࠭祭  楢 128- 設.    
ਭ.   ⮬,   ਭ ।砫  ਣ쭮 
 প ண ᯥ樠஢ 㧪⭮ ZX-ਭ. 
ଥ  128- 設   祭 業
筮 ਭ, 饣 ᮡ⢥ ஬  室  ⮬
 ⯠,     室  ⥬ ६ 
  ⤠   zx-ਭ. , ᫨  ० 128
짮⥫ - 諥   ,  訢 ⥬ ६ 
뢥 ணࠬ  .

Ŀ
           ணࠬ 2.2. ணࠬ  ᮧ ᨬ        
                      孥  㣫 ࠭.                
                                                                 
 10 REM ணࠬ ⠭ ᨬ  孥 㣫 ࠭     
 20 INPUT " ⮨  쬨 ⮢,    -  
           ᫮    0  255.       
           ( 0  7)";n                                        
 30 IF n<0 OR  n>7 OR  n<>INT n THEN BEEP  0.2,24: GO TO  20     
 40 INPUT " ᮤন ";m                            
 50 IF m<0 OR m>255 OR m<>INT m THEN BEEP  0.2,24: GO TO  40     
 60 POKE  16384+8*32*n,m                                         


Ŀ
           ணࠬ 2.3. ணࠬ ஢ ਡ.        
                                                                    
 10 REM  ਡ⮢                                           
 20 DATA "Black", "Blue", "Red", "Magenta", "Green", "Cyan",        
         "Yellow","White","Bright","Flash"                          
 30 DIM C$(8,7)                                                     
 40 FOR  I=1 TO  8                                                  
 50 READ  C$(I)                                                     
 60 NEXT I                                                          
 100 REM  ਡ⮢                                          
 110 INPUT " ᫮  0  255.  ணࠬ ஢   
               䠩 ਡ⮢";n                  
 120 IF  n<0 OR  n>255 OR  n<>INT n THEN BEEP  .2,24: GO TO 110     
 200 PRINT " ᨬ - "; c$(1+n-8*INT(n/8))                    
 210 PRINT "  - "; C$(1+INT(n/8)-8*INT(n/64))               
 220 IF INT(n/64)=1 OR INT(n/64)=3 THEN PRINT " - BRIGHT"     
 230 IF n>127 THEN PRINT  " 㤥  (FLASH)"            
 300 PRINT AT 6,0; ";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;"             
 310 FOR I=22720 TO 22751                                           
 320 POKE  i,n                                                      
 330 NEXT  I                                                        
 50O INPUT " ७ - ENTER";z$                              
 510 CLS                                                            
 520 GO TO 110                                                      


                            BASICe
  筮   稭   23755    㪠뢠 ᮤন
⥬ ६ PROG (23635,23636),    ᪫祭   
 ਩ ன.
  ᫨, ਬ,   ᮥ தࠩ,  砫 ⮩ 
ᤢ,  ⮬ ᠬ 襩 砥 砫  ணࠬ  BASICe 
।   ⥬ ६ PROG.  ।,  ⠪
   ᮥ.
  ணࠬ 2.4. ᯥ뢠 ᮤন 18- 祥  砫 ணࠬ
,    . 2.1.   18 祩 ࠭ ࢠ ப
 ணࠬ.

    Ŀ
       10 REM  program                               
       20 FOR  I=23755  23772                          
       30 PRINT I,PEEK  I                                
       40 NEXT I                                         
                       ணࠬ 2. 4.                  
       ணࠬ  ᬮ ᮤন  18-  
                 祥  ணࠬ .            
    

             Ŀ
              23755        0                   
              23756        10                  
              23757        14                  
              23758        0                   
              23759        234                 
              23760        80                  
              23761        101                 
              23762        101                 
              23763        107                 
              23764        32                  
              23765        112                 
              23766        114                 
              23767        111                 
              23768        103                 
              23769        114                 
              23770        97                  
              23771        109                 
              23772        13                  
             Ĵ
              .2.1. ଠ,  ன ப 
              10 REM ॥ program ࠭    
              ணࠬ .             
             
   ப (10) ࠭    祩  ଥ:
   ப = 256*   +  2- .
  騥 2 祩:  23757  23758 ࠭  ⠢襩  ப,
稭饩  祩 23759.  襬 砥: 14+256*0=14
  .. ᫥ ப 稭  祩:
         23759+14=23773
  祩 23759 ࠭  ᥡ ᫮ 234, ஥   祢
᫮ (⮪) REM. 騥 12 祥 ࠭  ᨬ  㪢
 ஡, ⠢ ࠧ 





                                 -21-
program. ᫥ 祩 ࠭ ᫮ 13, ஥    ENTER,
।騬  ப
   2.2. 뢠 ⮤ ஢ ணࠬ  ணࠬ .
              Ŀ
               祩  ন              
              Ĵ
               1  2    ப            
                                               
               3  4    ப, ᪫  
                        4 祩         
                                               
                5                    
                                               
                  ᨬ NTER, ᫮ 13  
              Ĵ
              . 2.2.  ⮤ ᯮ-   
                ஢ ப -   
              ࠬ.                           
              
  ,  襭  ⠡ -  ᠭ ⮤ ࠭ ᫮
祭,    ணࠬ.  ⮤   ᫥ 
ਬ ப:
         10 LET =1443
     ணࠬ 2.4.  .2.2  १ ࠡ ணࠬ 
⮬ 砥.
          Ŀ
             23755    0             
             23756    10            
             23757    14            
             23758    0             
             23759    241           
             23760    97            
             23761    61            
             23762    49            
             23763    52            
             23764    52            
             23765    51            
             23766    14            
             23767    0             
             23768    0             
             23769    163           
             23770    5             
             23771    0             
             23772    13            
          Ĵ
           . 2. 2. ଠ,       
            ஬ ப         
           10 LET a=1443 ࠭-    
             ணࠬ . 
          
  祩 23755-23758 ⠪ ,   諮 ਬ. ⥬ ᫥  
LET, a, =,    ,   ନ ᫮ 1443. 騩
, 室騩  祩 23766,  -     14.   㪠뢠, 
᫥騥 5 祥 ࠭ ᫮  ᯥ樠쭮 ⨡⭮ ଠ. 
稢  祩 23772  ᨬ ENTER,   ࠭.

                         *        *       *

ਬ砭 મ. 砥 ⠪,    ப ᫮   ᠭ
.  ࠧ ᢮ ᨬ,  ன ࠧ -  ⨡⭮ ଥ ᫥
 14. 祬  㦭 ?
    ⮬,  ࢮ ।⠢ ᯮ  ⮣, ⮡  -
 ,     ࠭, 
     Ŀ
       10 PRINT " ᯮ    .        
                  ᫠  室  0  255         
                 ⥫쭮. "                                   
       20 INPUT e,a,b,c,d                                          
       30 PRINT ,, " Exponent= ";e                                 
       40 PRINT "Mantissa=  "; a,,b,,c,,d                          
       50 PRINT ,,"The number=  ";(2*(a<128)-1)*2^(e-160)*         
                (((256*(a+128*(a<128))+b)*256+c)*256+d)            
     Ĵ
      ணࠬ 2.5.  ணࠬ ⠭ ஡ ᫮. 
     
    Ŀ
     ६   ᨬ쭮     ६
    Ĵ
    ஢         97 - 122                          6                
    (ᨬ쭮                                                     
    )                                                                
                                                                        
    ஢         161 - 186                   5 +          
    (ᨬ쭮                                                    
    )                                                                
                                                                        
    ஢ ᨢ  129 - 154                   4 + 2 * ࠧ୮    
                                                 + 5* 襥 ⢮  
                                                 ⮢.             
                                                                        
    ࠢ      225 - 250                          18              
    ६                                                          
    横 FOR  -                                                        
    NEXT                                                                
                                                                        
    쭠       65 - 90                     3 +  ப       
    ப                                                              
                                                                        
           193 - 218                   4 + 2 * ࠧ୮ +  
    ᨢ                                       襥 ᫮ ⮢. 
    Ĵ
     2. 3. ६,     ६.          
    
஥ - ᯮ  ⮢  ७  . (
 ⠩  . 1  2 襣 ⮬).
   ᭮,      ᮢ.  ⮬ 砥   ࠭
㤥  ,  ணࠬ 㤥 ࠡ뢠 ᮢᥬ 㣮 ᫮,  ⨬
।    ணࠬ. ਬ,    ࠭ LET =1257:
GO TO   ⠥ ᫥ ࠡ ணࠬ,   ᠬ  ⠬ 뫮
ᠭ  ᮢᥬ 㣮    室   ப 1257, 
㤠, 㤠 .
  騥  ᬮ 稪 ணࠬ BOMBJACK.  । ⭮⥫쭮
᫮ 뢥⮢  ⠬ ⮨   .  ᫨   "",
⠪  ணࠬ   .

                         *        *       *

                        
  祥  ᯮ  ࠭ ᥫ  ணࠬ  BASICe
( ᪫  ப).  ᫠    -65535  +65535 ࠭
⠪  ࠧ,   ଠ Z80A.   ᥫ   祩 
᫥ ᮤঠ 0,    ⢥ ࠭ ᫮  塠⭮ ଥ:
         ᫮ =  3- 祩 + 256*  ⢥ 祩
   ࠧ 16533 ࠭   祩 
         0 0 169 64 0
⮬, 
         169+256*64=16553
  ஡ ᫠ ࠭  ଠ  饩 ⮩ ⠪ ࠧ: ᯮ
  ࢮ 祩,     ᫥  祩, . . :
         ᫮ =  * 2 ^ ᯮ
  ࢠ 祩  ᯮ ⠪  ।  ᫠.  ᫨
祩 ᮤন 祭  ।  0  127, ᫮ ⥫쭮,  ᫨
 - ⥫쭮.
  ணࠬ 2.5   ᯮ짮  ⠭ ஡ ᫠ 
⠢   ⮢.

                          
   ६ 稭  祩,  ன ࠭  ⥬
६ VARS (祩 23627).    뫠   ६,
..  ணࠬ  ।⢥   ,  
१ࢨ ᮮ⢥饥 ⢮ ᢮ ࠭⢠  ⮩
.





                                 -22-
    ६ 稭  㪢. 稩  孨  
ॣ஬ .  ࠭祭  SPECTRUMy 㫨஢  
ࢮ ᨬ  ६ , ⠪ ࠧ,   ࠧ 
⨯ ६ ᬮ஬ ,  ஬ 室 .
   ஢ ६  ᨬ묨 , ਬ,   
।  97  122; 㪢  - 97; b 98;  - 99  ..   ࠧ
஢ ᨢ    । 129 - 153. ..  - 129; b - 130;  - 131
 ..   ।⠢  ⠡ 2.3.
    ⨯ ६ ⠪   ⠡ 2.3.

                          
    ।⠢   ணࠬ (ࠧ ) ᯮ
⠭ ணࠬ :
         RST 16 - ᯥ뢠 ᮤন .
         CALL 3976 - ⠢ ᨬ, ࠭騩  ,  ,
                     ࠭饬   ॣ஢ HL.
         CALL 6326 - ᫨  ࠭  14, ⠭ 㫥
                     䫠  㢥稢  ॣ஢ HL   ࠧ.
         CALL 6510 -   HL    ⮩ ப,  ன 
                     ।   ணࠬ १ HL.

                       3.   Z80
                            Z80A
   ६ 믮 ணࠬ    ।⢥
ᮤন .   ᮤন 祩   ॣ  
ᮤন ॣ.   設 몥  㭪, 宦 
६묨  BASICe. , . ᯮ  ࠭ ᥫ.  ⫨ 
६ BASlCa ⥬,  ᫮  ࠭祭     ,
   RAM. ஬ ⮣,   ࠭ ⮫쪮  ,  2   
ॣ஢.
  Z80A -  ᪮쪮 ॣ஢  ⮬  ࠭ ᪮쪮 ᥫ
६.  ⮬ ᭨ ६   ଠ樥 
஬  .

                      "" (  )
   -    ॣ, . .  ᥣ 䬥᪨
 ᪨  믮  ᮤন ⮣ ॣ.  ॣ
뢠 ஬, .. १ ᫥⥫ 権
 ("㫨")  .  , 

  Ŀ
                         ᯮ짮               
  Ĵ
           N       P     砥,  १         
                             ᫥ 樨 ⥫.   
                                                                 
           Z      NZ     砥,  १         
                             ᫥ 樨 ࠢ        
                                ᮢ.         
                                                                 
    ७    C      NC     砥,  ந室 -    
                             ९ ॣ, . . ᫥-  
                              १  ⮣,       
                               ᠭ      
                             (     権      
                             ன ॣ஢).                   
                                                                 
    ⭮/             砥, ᫨   -   
    ९-                ।饩 樨      
                          ⢮ 祭 ⮢       
                             稭 ⭠.                    
                                      
                             ᢨ⥫  ९.     
  Ĵ
             3. 2.  䫠,                      
              ஫ 襥 ⢮                    
                   樨 Z80A.                                   
  

  , ᯮ 㣮 ॣ    
⢥ 筨 . ਬ, 
         ADD A,
   ਡ ᮤন ॣ   ᮤন ॣ
A, ⨢ १  A.

                 - "F" ( )
   F 쭮 ⥫쭮 ⫨砥   ⠫, . . 
ᮤন  ᬠਢ   ,  ᬠਢ  8 㠫
⮢,  筮     .   ᯮ  ⢥ ⠪
뢠 䫠  ࠢ ᫥⥫쭮 믮 ணࠬ.
 䫠 ᯮ  । ⮣,    ᪨
⨢ ᫮    믮 ।饩 樨.
ਬ, 䫠  ।,   ࠢ  १ ᫥ 樨
᫮, ⠭  . . 쪮 4  쬨 䫠   
짮⥫,  ᢮⢠ ⪮    3.2.
     ⮩. ஬ ⮣, ᫮,    
묨 ᫠ ᥤ쬮  (訩   ) ⮦ ᯮ 
࠭ .  砥,  ᫮ ⥫쭮,  ᭨.
   䫠 ࠦ  ᫥ १.
    ⠭, ᫨ १ ᫥ 樨 ࠢ . 
⠪ ᯮ ﬨ ࠢ,  䠪᪨ 
⠭,  ஬ १ .
   ७ ॣ ९, ஥  , ᫨ १
᫮  祬 ,    ᠭ  ॣ,   
  ⠭.  ⠪ ᪮쪮 権 ᤢ,    
ॣ  ᤢ   ࠢ 横᪨ १ 䫠 ७.
   ⭮/९ -  䫠  .  ᯮ,  䫠
९  믮 䬥᪨ 権  ।,  
 7 祭  १ ७  ᣥ஢ ⮬ 6  "⨨ ".
 ᯮ  砥, ᫨    ᪠. ᪨ 樨
ᯮ   ᠬ 䫠  । ⭮ १.
  ਬ砭: ⭮ 筮 ᫠ -  ⭮ ⢠ ⮢,
⠭  . ᫨ ⢮ ⭮,  ,   
⭮, ᫨  ⭮ ,  ,    ⭮. 
⠭, ᫨   ⭮.
    権   ⥪ ⠭ ⤥ 䫠,
ਬ, 
         JR   Z, D
 Z80A "९룭" १ ᪮쪮 権, ᫨ 䫠 
⠭ (. . ᤥ ᫮ 室 ⨯ IF, . . THEN GO ). ᫨ 
  ⠭,  믮 ᫥   筮
᫥⥫쭮, .. 䫠 ॣ 祭 ,, .   
 ਭ 襭  室  㣮  ணࠬ.

                          ""  ""
    ,  ன ⥯, ॣ ,    
ᯮ짮  ,  㯥  ᪮쪨 ਬ.   
ᯮ짮   ⢥ 稪.  㦥 ,  믮 ணࠬ
 ࠢ ᯮ짮 䫠 0  樨 JR z, n.





                                 -23-
  㣠 : DJNZ n ᯮ 䫠 0  ᮧ 横, ᯮ
ॣ B  ⢥ 稪 筮 横 FOR-NEXT  BASICe. 
  , Z80A 㬥 ᮤন ॣ   1. ᫨
१ ࠢ ,  믮 ᫥   ଠ쭮
᫥⥫쭮, ᫨ १  ࠢ , ணࠬ "᪠"
n 権. ᫨ ணࠬ ᯮ ⥫쭮 祭  n,
"릮" ⢫  ணࠬ  , ᫨   㣨 室,
,  殢,    ᠬ  .
  .. 㧪 ॣ  । ᫮  ⠭ ᮮ⢥饣
ᬥ饭 n ।     믮  ⢮
ࠧ.   ᮤন ⮫쪮    ⮬  ⠭ 
 ᫮  0  255, .. ᯮ ᠭ 堭 १ ।
    ᤥ ᨬ 255 室.  ⢫ 
255 室  横   権,   祭 
樨,  ᯮ  16 ⮢ ॣ஢  ,  稪 
ᨬ 祭 65535. ਬ,  CPDR.  Z80A 믮
, :
         1) ন  㬥蠥  1;
         2) 蠥 ᮤন HL ( ॣ஢  HL . );
         3) ࠢ ᮤন    ᮤন 祩 ,
             ன 室   ॣ஢ HL.
     ⢨   ,   㤥 ᮢ 
ᮤন   祩 ,    㫨 BC, ..  
  ᯮ짮  ᪠ 祩, ᮤঠ饩 । ᫮.

                   "DE"   "HL"
   D     ᮡ 㭪権   ᭮ ᯮ  ⢥
६  㯭 ,  ⠪ ᯮ    ࠭
 祩,     ⥪騩 .
  ᭮ 㭪 ॣ஢ H  L - ࠭    祩 .  㦥
,  ।  ᯮ  HL  ⮩ 楫.  ࠭
訩 , L - 訩.   㯥  ଥ:
          = 256*  + L,
  ᨬ 65536  ᮢ.

                   "IX"   "IY"
   ॣ IX  IY  16-⮢묨 ॣࠬ   
ᯮ짮 ⮫쪮 ⠪  ⫨稥  ॣ஢ , DE  HL,  
ᯮ짮   ,  16-⮢ ॣ,  㠫쭮, 
8-⮢. IX  IY,  ࠧ, ᯮ   HL.
  IX  IY, ஬ ⮣,   ᢮⢮, ஥ 㯭  HL - 
  ᯮ짮  ᬥ饭 S.    ,  ,
 뫠  (ix+s), ᯮ  祩 ,  ன ࠭
 IX,  ᭠砫 ᬥ饭 S ਡ  祭  IX, ⮡  
,     ࠡ⠥ .

                         "SP"
  ⥪ -    孥  ,  ᯮ  ६
࠭ ᮤন  ॣ஢. ⥪  ,    
    襭. 砫 ⥪ 䨪஢  ZX SPECTRUM
 室 ।⢥  祩,   㪠뢠 ⥬
६ RAMTOP. 設 ⥪ 室   ࠭ ⥪, .. ⥪
㢥稢 ,  㬥蠥 .  ⥪饩 祩 孥 ࠭
⥪ ࠭  SP ॣ. ।  ⥪   ⥪ ந室  
権 PUSH  POP. ਬ:
         PUSH HL
   ⮬ 砥 :
         1) 蠥 SP;
         2)  ᮤন ॣ H  祩, 㪠 㪠⥫ ⥪
            SP;
         3) 蠥 SP;
         4)  ᮤন ॣ L  祩, 㪠 㪠⥫ ⥪
            SP.
   POP 믮 ⨢ ⢨.  ⮬ ⮤ ᫥
㯨  ᥫ, 襭  ⥪,  ᥣ ࢮ ன, 
᭨  ⥪.  ᯥ稢 ⮩  㤮 ᯮᮡ ६
࠭ ᮤন ॣ஢  ६ 맮 ணࠬ.

                           "PC"
  ணࠬ 稪 PC 祭  16-⮢ ॣ, ..  ࠭ 
᫥饩 樨,    믮. ଠ 室 ࠡ
  믮 ᫥騬 ࠧ:
         1) C஢ ᮤন 祩, 㪠 ணࠬ 稪 PC
             ᯥ樠 ॣ .
         2) ᫨  ᮤন  ᪮쪨 , 㢥 PC 
            ᪮஢ ᮤন ᫥饩 祩  ன ᯥ樠
            ॣ.
         3)  PC ⠪ ࠧ, ⮡  㪠뢠  ᫥
            ,    믮.
         4) 믮 ,  ⮫쪮  뫠 ⠭.
 JUMP ⠪ ,   DJNZ n  JR z,n ,  ଠ 室
믮 ணࠬ    PC  ६ 믮 蠣 4. ⨬,
     ᫥ 㢥祭 PC.  ࠧ, 祭
ᬥ饭 n ᥣ 㤥 뢠 ⭮⥫쭮 樨 樨,
᫥饩  樥, ᮤঠ饩 ᬥ饭.

                   AF',',DE',HL'
  Z80A     A, B, C, D, ,   L ॣ஢.  ⫨ 
ᯮ짮  " '"  祭 ॣ. ਬ. '   
ॣ . 樨  ࠡ  ⨬ ॣࠬ ।⢥, 
樨   뢥  ᯮ짮 2   ॣ஢ 
  ᯮ짮    .
      믮 祭 , .. ᮤন ॣ 䨧᪨
    ॣ  㣮,   ⮣ ⠭ ७
㭨権     ⠪,   㡫騩 ॣ ⠭
᭮,  ਣ ॣ  .

                        Z80
 ⥬  Z80  700 権. ᪮  ⮫쪮 256
ࠧ 権  8 ⮢ ( 2^8=256 ),     
  ࠦ  ⮬. ⠢訥 樨 ࠭   
 .   ᫥  ⮢ ᬥ饭 S, 
⮢ ᫮ n,  塠⮢ ᫮ (ᮬ) nn,  
 뫠. ᥣ      ᨬ 4 .

                         *        *       *

                          ""
  ZX SPECTRUM ᯮ  ஥ ணࠬ㥬 -




                                 -24-
஬, 騬 ᢮ ⥬ .     ⮫쪮 
設 .      묨, 祬 
    4- . (. . 1 襣 ⮬).

                         *        *       *

   㤮⢠ ࠡ  ᥬ   뢠   
(OP CODE).  -  ᮪饭 ᠭ  .
  ࠢ    ᥬ:
         1.  ॣ 뢠 㪢, ਬ - . 
            ॣ஢   䠢⭮ 浪, ਬ, BC.
         2. 饭 S ⥫쭮, ᫨  室  ।  0  127,
             ⥫쭮, ᫨  室  ।  128  255.
            訥  訥 ᫠ ⨬.
  ⥫쭮 祭 뢠 ⠭ S  256. ਬ, 
⭮⥫쭮 ᫮ 室:
         JR S
뢠 室 ।  8 ⮢, ᫨ S=8  室   8 ⮢, ᫨
S=248, .. 256-8=248.    ᬥ饭,   室
⢫   ࢮ  ᫥饩 .
         3. ⮢ ᫮ n   ।  0  255 ⥫쭮.
         4. 塠⮢ ᫮   ।⠢  nn   
            ।  0  65535 ⥫쭮.
         5. nn, 祭  ᪮, .. (nn). ࠧ㬥 "ᮤন
            祩   nn", ⮣  nn  ᪮ ࠧ㬥 "᫮
            nn".
  .., LD  HL,(23627) ࠧ㬥 㧪  ॣ஢ HL ᮤন
祥 23627  23628, ⮣ : LD  HL,23627 ࠧ㬥 㧪 HL ᫮
23627.
    ࠧ, (HL) ࠧ㬥 "ᮤন 祩  ᮬ,
࠭騬  HL",  ⮣  HL  ᪮ 砥 "᫮, ࠭饥  HL".
    樨 뢠 ᢥ 樥.
         6.  祭 १ 樨 ᥣ  ,
            ਬ:
                 ADD ,
            砥 "ਡ  ᮤন ॣ   ᮤন ॣ 
             १ ⠢  ॣ ".

                               

                           4.  ""
     ।⠢ ணࠬ  設 .    㤮⢠
ᯮ짮    ⠭⭮ ଠ.   뢠 
ଠ   ணࠬ  BASICe,    ᯮ짮 
㧪 ணࠬ  .

         :        ணࠬ
                      .

         ⢮  믮  ணࠬ  ॡ
         ६:  祭    ६,
                     ।  ணࠬ १  ਭ.

         ஫쭠  ணࠬ    ᫥⥫쭮 楫
         㬬:      ⥫ ᥫ, 頥  ᫥⥫
                     祩 . ஫쭠 㬬 (. . 㬬 
                     ᥫ  ணࠬ)   ⮣, ⮡
                      뫨 㢥७  ࠢ쭮 㧪.

         㭪:     ⪮ ᠭ , 믮塞  
                     ணࠬ.

         ६: । ,      ਭ
                      ६. ६    
                     (楫 ⥫쭮 ᫮  ।  0  255)
                     ।  ணࠬ  BASICa   
                     १ .
      Ŀ
                祩, 祭                      
       塠⮢ ६ ।         
       2- :  祩, 祭 - 256*           
       INT(祭/256):  祩+1,INT(祭/256) 
       ᯮ㥬 祩  祩  ࠳
       ਭ                                           
      
         맮         ணࠬ 뢠  ᯮ짮 㭪樨 USR,
         ணࠬ:    祭  . ᫨ ணࠬ
                        設   । - 祭 ⭮
                        BASIC  襭,  ᯮ :
                       RANDOMIZE USR 
      Ŀ
       ᫨  , ⮡ १  饭      
       ॣ஢  ,  맮  ⠪:        
       LET A = USR   PRINT USR               
        ᨬ  ⮣,   頥      
        ࠭  ६ BASICa          
       뢮  ࠭.                               
      
        ஫        ஢ન, 믮塞 ணࠬ 
        訡:          ⨢稢 祭 ६,
                       ࠬ஢  . .

        ਨ:     ਠ  ணࠬ.

        ⨭       ணࠬ ।⠢  몥 ᥬ. 
        設       㧪   ᯮ   -"᫠
        :           ".  ᫠    筮
                       ⥬.

                 ᭥ ਭ樯 ࠡ ணࠬ.
        ࠡ⠥:

                        
    ணࠬ  ⮩  ६頥, . .   ࠡ
४⭮ ᨬ  ⮣,    RAM   ⨬. ᫨ ணࠬ
 ६頥,    ,     ,
᫨  㦭 ࠭  㣮  .    ( 2) 
,  SPECTRUM ᯮ ࠧ  RAM  ࠧ 㭪権 
   祩, 㪠묨 ⥬묨 ६묨 RAMTOP  UDG
।祭  ࠭ ணࠬ  設 .
  ணࠬ    ᯮ짮  㧪,   ६饭
ணࠬ  設 .    짮⥫  ⠭
㪠⥫ RAMTOP,    ᢮ ࠭⢠  設 ;
 ணࠬ  ; ३ ।    ४஢
訡; ⠢  㤠  ணࠬ.
   ணࠬ  ᪠,  ⠥ 訩 ,  ண
ணࠬ  設      ࠭, ..  
訩, 祬 RAMTOP.
   設  48  訩





                                 -25-
 - 65368, ᫨ 짮⥫   ⥬ ६ RAMTOP.
   筮 १ࢨ 168 ⮢  UDG,  ணࠬ 
짮⥫ ᯮ짮   , ᫨  .   ⠪
   訩 ,  ணࠬ ⥬ 蠥 
⥬ ६ RAMTOP, ᯮ  CLEAR.    
  , 襬, 祬 27000, ..   ࠭ ,
ॡ饩  ᠬ ணࠬ . ணࠬ  訢 ,  ண
 ⮢ ணࠬ  設 . .. 짮⥫ 
१ࢨ஢   ᪮쪨 楤  ⥬ 㦠  
⤥쭮.
  㭮 BF1 뢠 ଠ ᯫ ᫥ ⮣,   祩 32000 뫠
㦥 ணࠬ "screen invert". ࢠ  - ,  -
ᮤন 祩   ⨬ ᮬ,  -஫쭠 㬬. ணࠬ
"screen invert" -  18 ⮢     ஫쭠 㬬 = 1613.
⥫쭮,   祩  32000  32017,  ஫쭠 㬬 
 祩 32017, . . 㬬 ᮤন 祥 (32000... 32017) ࠢ 1613.
   ᭮ ࠭  짮⥫ ਢ   祩 -
ᮤন ⮩ 祩 栥.  祩  ⥪饩  ࢮ砫쭮
 ࠭ ⮢  ணࠬ. 짮⥫  楫 ᫮ 
0  255 ⥫쭮, ஥ ணࠬ  LOADER 蠥  ⥪ 祩.
⥬ ᫥騩  ⠭ ⥪饩 祩. 짮⥫   
᫮,   ⮣   ४஢ ਠ, ᠭ  ⠡
1.
      Ŀ
                   ਠ                             
      Ĵ
                     ३    .        
                                                          
        n(᫮)     ३  n ᮢ .         
                                                          
       F              ३    ।.       
                                                          
       F n(᫮)     ३  n ᮢ ।.        
                                                          
       I n( ᫮)    ⠢ n ⮢.                  
                         ᮤন 0.       
                                                          
       D n(᫮)      n ⮢  ⥪饩 . 
                                                          
       T               ணࠬ                 
      Ĵ
        1.  ਠ                     
       ।஢ 設                        
      
      ணࠬ . 稪 設 .
                ( LOADER)

100 GO  SUB  8100
200 REM ***** ᫥ 㯭 
210 LET  min= 1+ 23730+256* 23731
220 LET  P =  23732+ 256* 23733
230 LET  t  =  - min  + 1
40 REM  ***** । ⮢ 
41 PRINT  "Lowest  possible  start  -  ";nun,,, "Maximum space
            availbie  = ";t
420 INPUT  "Do you wish to change the lowest start address ( or N) ?";z$
430 IF Z$="Y" OR  Z$="y" THEN  GO TO  7000
440 INPUT "Enter address at which to start loading machine code";a
450 IF a<min OR a>p THEN BEEP .2,24: GO TO 440
500 GO SUB  8100
510 LET t=t-a+min
520 PRINT "You can use up to ";t;"  bytes",,,
530 LET U=PEEK 23675+256*PEEK 23676
540 IF a<u AND u<p THEN PRINT "If you use more than ";u-a;" bytes. You will
    overwrite the user defined graphics area. "
550 IF a>=U THEN PRINT "You will overwrite the user defined graphics area."
560 INPUT "Is  that  OK  (Y  or  N)   ? ";z$
570 IF Z$="N" OR  z$="n" THEN  GOTO  7000
580 IF Z$<>"Y" AND  z$<>"y" THEN BEEP  .2,24: GOTO  560
700 REM  *** GO AHEAD AND LOAD
710 LET  l=a
750 GOSUB 8200
760 INPUT "Enter number,  b,  f, i, d or t  "; z$
770 IF  z$="" THEN BEEP  .2,24: GOTO 760
780 LET  a$=CHR$(CODE Z$(l) - 32*(Z$(l)>"@"))
790 GOTO 800+200*(a$="B")+300*(a$="F")+400*(a$="I")+500*(a$="D")+600*(a$="T")
800 LET X=VAL Z$
810 IF  l>P THEN BEEP  .2,24: GOTO 750
820 IF  X<0 OR X>256 OR X<>INT X THEN BEEP .2,24: GOTO 760
830 POKE  l,X
840 LET  l=l+1
850 GOTO 740
1000 REM *** ६饭 ।
1010 LET l=l-1
1020 IF LEN Z$>1 THEN LET  l=l+1-VAL Z$(2 TO)
1030 IF l<a  THEN LET l=a
1040 GOTO 740
1100 REM  *** ६饭 
1110 LET  l=l+1
1120 IF LEN  Z$>1  THEN LET  l=l-1+VAL  Z$(2 TO)
1130 IF  l>P THEN LET l=P
1140 GOTO  740
1200 REM *** ⠢
1210 IF LEN  Z$=1 THEN LET n=1: GOTO  1225
1220 LET n = VAL Z$(2 TO): IF  n<1 OR  n>-1 OR n<>INT n THEN BEEP .2,24:
     GOTO  740
1225 CLS: GOSUB 8100: PRINT TAB 6; "Inserting in Progress"
1230 FOR  J=P TO l+n STEP  -1
1240 POKE J,PEEK (j-n)
1250 NEXT J
1260 FOR  J=1 TO l+n-1
1270 POKE J,0
1280 NEXT  J
1290 GOTO  740
1300 REM *** 
1310 IF LEN z$=1 THEN LET n=1: GOTO 1330
1320 LET n=VAL z$(2 TO): IF n<l OR n>P-1 OR n<>INT n THEN BEEP .2,24:
     GOTO  74O
1330 IF n<0 OR n>p-1 THEN BEEP .2,24: GOTO 1320
1340 CLS: GOSUB 8100 :PRINT TAB 6; "DELETING  IN  PROGRESS"
1350 FOR J=1 TO p-n
1360 POKE J,PEEK (j+n)
1370 NEXT  J
1380 GOTO 740
1400 STOP
1401 PRINT AT 21,7;"PROGRAM TERMINATED"
1410 STOP
7000 R ***  RAMTOP
7010 INPUT "ENTER NEW START ADDRESS ";a
7020 IF a<27000 OR a>p THEN BEEP  .2,24: GOTO 710
7030 CLEAR  a-1
7040 RUN
7999 STOP
8100 CLS
8110 PRINT TAB 6, "MACHINE CODE LOADER",,,
8120 RETURN
8200 REM *** 뢮 ᮤন 
8210 GOSUB 8100
8220 PRINT "ADDRESS DECIMAL CHECK SUM"
8230 LET C=0
8240 LET S=l-8 : IF s<a THEN LET s=a : GOTO 8280
8250 FOR j=a TO s-1
8260 LET C=C+PEEK j
8270 NEXT J
8280 LET f=S+17 : IF f>P THEN LET f = p
8290 FOR j=s TO f
8300 LET C=C+PEEK j
8310 PRINT AT j-s+3,1;j;TAB 12;PEEK j;TAB 22;c
8320 NEXT j
8400 LET POS=l-S+3
8410 PRINT AT pos,12; FLASH 1; PEEK l
8420 RETURN





                                 -26-
  Ŀ
       MACHINE CODE LOADER    
  Ĵ
    ADDRESSDECIMAL CHECK SUM
      32000  33     33      
      32001  0      33      
      32002  64     97      
      32003  1      98      
      320O4  0      98      
      32005  24     122     
      32006  22     144     
      32007  255    399     
      32008  122    521     
      32009  150    671     
      32010  119    790     
      32011  35     825     
      32012  11     836     
      32013  120    956     
      32014  177    1133    
      32015  32     1165    
      32016  247    1412    
      32017  201    1613    
  Ĵ
            . BP1.         
  
  ।⠢ ࠭  ६ ࠡ 稪 設  ணࠬ
"Screen  invert"  㦥   32000.

                        5.  .
                       5.1  ਡ⮢ .
: 23
⢮ ६: 1
஫쭠 㬬: 1574
祭:  ணࠬ ᤢ ਡ  ᨬ ࠭   
.
६:
         : new attr
         : 1
         祩: 23296
         ਩:  ਡ,   ࠩ ࠢ .
맮 ணࠬ:
         RANDOMIZE  USR  
஫ 訡:  
਩:  ணࠬ   뤥  ⥪  䨪.
 ப稢 ⮫쪮 22 孨 ப 24*     22.

                         

           

          LD HL,22528     33  0   88
          LD  A,(23296)   58  0   91
          LD  C,24        14  24*
HEXT_L    LD  ,31        6  31
NEXT_C    INC  HL         35
          LD  E,(HL)      94
          DEC  HL         43
          LD  (HL),E      115
          INC HL          35
          DJNZ NEXT_C     16  249
          LD  (HL),A      119
          INC  HL         35
          DEC  C          13
          JR  NZ,HEXT_L   32  242

    ࠡ⠥:
    ॣ஢ HL 㦠   ਡ⮢. 
㦠 祭 ਡ,   ࠢ .  ॣ C
㦠 ⢮ ப  ᤢ -  ⥯   ᯮ짮,
 稪 ப,  ॣ   ᫮  1 襥, 祬 ᫮
ᨬ  ப, ⮡  ᯮ짮,  稪. HL 㢥稢,
⮡ 㪠  ᫥騩 ਡ,  㦠   - ॣ.
HL 㬥蠥    HL 蠥 祭  E - ॣ. HL
㢥稢 , ⮡ 㪠  ᫥騩 ਡ.  
㬥蠥 , ᫨   ࠢ 0,  ந室 室  NEXT_C. HL ⥯
㪠뢠  ࠢ     HL 蠥 祭 
. HL 㢥稢 , ⮡ 㪠 ᫥ ப NEXT_L.
稪 ப (ॣ ) 㬥蠥. ᫨ 祭 १  ࠢ 0,
ணࠬ 頥   NEXT_L.
   砭 ࠡ ணࠬ 頥  BASIC.

                5.2   ਡ⮢ ࠢ.
: 23
⢮ ६: 1
஫쭠 㬬: 1847
祭:  ணࠬ ᤢ ਡ  ᨬ ࠭ ࠢ 
             .
६:
         : new attr
         : 1
         祩: 23296
         ਩:  ਡ,   ࠩ  .
맮 ணࠬ:
         RANDOMIZE  USR  
஫ 訡: 
਩:  ணࠬ   뤥  ⥪  䨪.
              ப稢 ⮫쪮 22 孨 ப 24*  
               22.

                          

          

         LD HL,23295    33   255  88
         LD A,(23296)   58   0    91
         LD C,24        14   24*
NEXT_L   LD ,31        6    31
NEXT_C   DEC HL         43
         LD E,(HL)      94
         INC HL         35
         LD  (HL),E     115
         DEC HL         43
         DJNZ, NEXT_C   16   249
         LD  (HL),A     119
         DEC  HL        43
         DEC  C         13
         JR  NZ,HEXT_L  32   242
         RET            201

    ࠡ⠥:
    ॣ஢ HL 㦠  ᫥   ਡ⮢.
 㦠 祭 ਡ   





                                 -27-
 .  ॣ C 㦠 ⢮ ப  ᤢ - 
ᯮ,  稪 ப.   ॣ   ᫮  1 襥,
祬 ᫮ ᨬ  ப  ᯮ짮   ⢥ 稪.
  HL 㢥稢, ⮡ 㪠  ᫥騩 ਡ. 祭 ⮣
ਡ 㦠   - ॣ. HL 㢥稢,    HL
蠥 祭  E - ॣ. HL 㬥蠥 ᭮  㪠 
᫥饣 ਡ. 稪  ॣ B 㬥蠥 , ᫨   ࠢ 0
 -    NEXT_C. HL ⥯ 㪠뢠  ࠩ  , 
 祩  ᮬ HL 蠥 祭  . HL 㬥蠥 
㪠 ࠢ  ᫥饩 ப. 稪 ப 㬥蠥,  ᫨ 
 ࠢ 0, -    NEXT_L.
  ணࠬ 頥  BASIC.

                        5.3 ᤢ ਡ⮢ .
: 21
⢮ ६: 1
஫쭠 㬬: 1591
祭:  ணࠬ ᤢ ਡ  ᨬ ࠭  
             .
६:
         : new attr
         : 1
         祩: 23296
         ਩:  ਡ,    ப.
맮 ணࠬ:
      RANDOMIZE USR  
஫ 訡: 
਩:  ணࠬ   뤥  ⥪  䨪.
             ப稢 ⮫쪮 22 孨 ப ;224*  
              160.

                             

          

        LD HL,22560     33    32   38
        LD DE,22528     17    0    88
        LD ,736       1     224*  2
        LDIR            237   176
        LD A,(23296)    58    0    91
        LD ,32         6     32
N_C  LD (DE),A       18
        INC DE          19
        DJNZ  NEXT_C    16    252
        RET             201


    ࠡ⠥.
    ॣ஢ HL 㦠  ன ப ਡ⮢.  DE
㦠  ࢮ ப,  BC 㦠 ᫮ ⮢ 
६饭.
  ⢮ ⮢, ।  ॣ஢  ,   祩
  ᮬ, 室騬  DE  祥, 稭    HL,
ᯮ  LDIR.  १  D 㪠뢠   ப
ਡ⮢.  㦠㦠 ᫮ ᨬ   ப - 
ᯮ,  稪.
    DE 蠥 祭  ,  ⥬ DE 㢥稢
 㪠  ᫥騩 . 稪 㬥蠥 , ᫨   ࠢ 0,
ணࠬ 頥  NEXT_C.
  ⥬ ணࠬ 頥  BASIC.

                5.4  ਡ⮢ .
: 21
⢮ ६: 1
஫쭠 㬬: 2057
祭:  ணࠬ ᤢ ਡ  ᨬ ࠭   
            .
६:
         : new attr
         : 1
         祩: 23296
         ਩:  ਡ,    ப.
맮 ணࠬ:
      RANDOMIZE USR 
஫ 訡: 
਩:  ணࠬ   뤥  ⥪  䨪.
              ப稢 ⮫쪮 22 孨 ப   :
             223*  159
             255*  191
             224*  160

                          

            

          LD HL,23263    33    223  90
          LD DE,23295    17    255  90
          LD C,736      1     224   2
          LDDR           237   184
          LD A,(23296)   58    0    91
          LD  ,32       6     32
NEXT_    LD  (DE),A     18
          DEC DE         27
          DJNZ  NEXT_C   16    252
          RET            201

    ࠡ⠥:
   HL 㦠  ᫥ ਡ 23- ப.  DE 㦠
 ᫥ ਡ 24- ப.   㦠 ᫮ ⮢ 
६饭, ⥬  LDDR ६蠥  ( ⢮ 㪠 
ॣ஢  )    HL    DE.  १  DE
࠭  ᫥ ਡ ࢮ ப.
    㦠 祭 ਡ     ப. 
B ॣ 㦠 ᫮ ⮢  孥 ப -  ᯮ, 
稪.  祩  ᮬ DE 蠥 祭    DE
㬥蠥  㪠  ᫥騩 . 稪 㬥蠥 , ᫨ 
 ࠢ 0, ணࠬ 頥  NEXT_C
  ணࠬ ⥬ 頥  BASIC.

                        5.5     ᨬ.
:21
⢮ ६:0
஫쭠 㬬:1745
祭:  ணࠬ ப稢 䨪 ࠭   ᨬ .
맮 ணࠬ:
         RANDOMIZE USR 
஫ 訡: 
਩:  ணࠬ   ࣠樨 ࠭  ⢥ "",
뢠饣      让 ᯫ . 
"" ६頥, ᯮ ணࠬ ᤢ.

                          

         
        LD  HL,16384   33   0    64
        LD  D, L       85
        LD  A,192      62   192
NEXT_L  LD  ,31       6    31
_  INC HL         35
        LD  E,(HL)     94
        DEC  HL        43
        LD  (HL),D     115
        INC  HL        35
        DJNZ NEXT_B    16   249
        LD  (HL),D     114
        INC  HL        35
        DEC  A         61
        JR  NZ,NEXT_L  32   242
        RET            201

    ࠡ⠥:
    ॣ஢ HL 㦠  ᯫ 䠩,  D-ॣ
⠭  0.   㦠 ᫮ ப  ࠭.  -
ॣ 㦠 祭  1 襥, 祬 ᫮ ᨬ  ப - 
 ᫮ ⮢  ஠.
  HL 㢥稢  㪠  ᫥騩   ᮤন  ⮩
祩 㦠  -ॣ. HL 㬥蠥   祩  ᮬ HL
㦠 祭  -ॣ. HL 㢥稢  樨
᫥饣   稪  -ॣ 㬥蠥. ᫨   ࠢ 0,
ணࠬ p頥  NEXT_.
  ᫨ ॣ B ࠢ 0,  砥,  ᫥ 





                                 -28-
ப ᪮஢  HL 㪠뢠  ࠩ ࠢ .  ⮬  
ॣ஢  HL 頥 0  HL 㢥稢, 㪠뢠  ᫥
ப. 稪 ப -  -㬥蠥, , ᫨   ࠢ ,
ந室 室  NEXT_L.
  ணࠬ 頥  BASIC.

                     5.6  ࠢ   ᨬ.
:22
⢮ ६:0
஫쭠 㬬:1976
祭:  ணࠬ ப稢  ᮤন  ᯫ 䠩  
ᨬ ࠢ.
맮 ணࠬ:
         RANDOMIZE USR  
஫ 訡: 
਩:  ணࠬ   ࣠樨 ࠭  ⢥ "",
             뢠饣      让 ᯫ
             .  "" ६蠥, ᯮ ணࠬ ᤢ.

                          

             

           LD HL,22527     33  255  87
           LD D,0          22  0
           LD A,192        62  192
   NEXT_L  LD ,31         6   31
   NEXT_B  DEC HL          43
           LD E,(HL)       94
           INC HL          35
           LD  (HL),E      115
           DEC  HL         43
           DJNZ  NEXT_B    16  249
           LD  (HL),D      114
           DEC  HL         35
           DEC  A          61
           JR  NZ,NEXT_L   32  242
           RET             201
    ࠡ⠥:
    ॣ஢ HL 㦠c  ᫥  ᯫ 䠩, 
D-ॣ ⠭  0.   㦠 ᫮ ப 
࠭.  -ॣ 㦠 祭  1 襥, 祬 ᫮ ᨬ
 ப, -  ᯮ,   稪.
  HL 㬥蠥, 㪠뢠  ᫥訩 ,   祭 㦠 
-ॣ. HL ⥬ 㢥稢,   祩  ᮬ HL 㦠
祭 -ॣ. HL 㬥蠥, 㪠뢠  ᫥騩 ,  稪
(-ॣ) 㬥蠥. ᫨   ࠢ 0, ணࠬ 頥 
NE_.
  ᫨ ॣ  ࠢ 0,  砥,  HL 㪠뢠  ࠩ 
 ப. ⥬    ॣ஢  HL 蠥 0,  HL
㬥蠥, 㪠뢠  ᫥ ப. 稪 ப ()
㬥蠥 , ᫨   ࠢ 0, ந室 室  NEXT_L.
  ணࠬ 頥  BASIC

                        5.7     ᨬ.
: 68
⢮ ६:0
஫쭠 㬬: 6328
祭: ணࠬ  ᤢ ᮤন ᯫ 䠩   ᥬ
            ᥫ.
맮 ணࠬ:
         RANDOMIZE USR 
஫ 訡: 
਩: 

                          

         
        LD HL,16364    33   0   64
        LD DE,16416    17  32   64
SAVE    PUSH HL        229
        PUSH DE        213
        LD C,23        14  23
NEXT_L  LD B,32        6  32
COPY_B  LD A,(DE)      26
        LD (HL),A      119
        LD A,C         121
        AND 7          230   7
        CP 1           254   1
        JR  NZ,NEXT_B  32   2
        SUB A          151
        LD  (DE),A     18
NEXT_B  INC HL         35
        INC DE         19
        DJNZ  COPY_B   16 241
        DEC C          13
        JR  Z,REST     40  19
        LD A,C         121
        AND 7          230   7
        CP 0           254  0
        JR  Z,N_BLOCK  40 22
        CP 7           254   7
        JR  NZ,NEXT_L  32 225
        PUSH DE        213
        LD  DE,1792    17   0    7
        ADD HL,DE      25
        POP DE         209
        JR  HEXT_L     24 217
REST    POP DE         209
        POP HL         225
        INC  D         20
        INC  H         36
        LD A,H         124
        CP 72          254  72
        JR  NZ,SAVE    32 204
        RET            201
H_BLOCK PUSH HL        229
        LD HL,1792     33   0   7
        ADD HL, DE     25
        EX  DE,HL      235
        POP HL         225
        JR  NEXT_L     24 198
    ࠡ⠥:
    ॣ஢ HL 㦠  砫 ᯫ ,  DE
㦠   १ ᥬ  . HL  DE ࠭  ⥪.
B C-ॣ 㦠 ᫮  1 襥, 祬 ᫮ ப  ࠭. B -
ॣ 㦠 ⢮ ⮢    ᯫ - 
ᯮ,  稪.
    㦠 , ᮢ DE,   祭 㦠
 祩   HL.   㦠 ᮤন -ॣ ,
᫨  ࠢ 1, 9  17,   祩   DE 蠥 0. HL  DE
㢥稢, 㪠뢠  ᫥騩 , 稪   -ॣ 㬥蠥
, ᫨   ࠢ 0, ந室 室  'COPY_B'.
  稪 ப  ॣ  ⥬ 㬥蠥. ᫨  ࠢ 0 ந室
室  'RESTORE'. ᫨  ᮤন 8  16,  ந室 室 
'N_BLOCK'. ᫨   ᮤন 7  15, ணࠬ 室  'NEXT_L'.
  ⥬ 1792 ਡ  HL - ⥯ HL 㪠뢠  ᫥騩  ࠭.
ணࠬ 室  'NEXT_L'.
   楤 'REST' DE  HL   ⥪  256 ਡ   
. .. DE  HL 㪠뢠  ப,  ன , 祬 ,  뫠
 ।饬 横. ᫨ HL ᮤন 祭 18432, ணࠬ
頥  BASIC,  室 室  楤 'SAVE'. B 楤
'H_BLOCK' 1792 ਡ  DE - ⠪ ࠧ DE 㪠뢠  ᫥騩
 ࠭. ணࠬ ⥬ 頥  'NEXT_L'.
   砭 ࠡ ந室   .

                      Ŀ
                         
                      






                                 -29-

                         ᥥ    ..

                   -9   䨪.

                              .
  ० ᥣ  ⥫  ᪠    ਥ஢  
짮⥫ "㬠"  㦥   ணࠬ஢ 
ᨪ, ⮬    ,     ﬨ, 室묨
 ணࠬ஢  設  Z80. ,  ⮫쪮 ⨬ ﬨ,
 ᮢ襭⢮  㦥   ⮢묨 ணࠬ.  ⨬
 쭥襣 ᢮ 設  ᮬ    ⠪
ࠡ.  ࠧ, 宫᪨  㤥 ८   멤 
 ஢.
   ⮩   ᭮ ⮤  ਥ   
䨪樨 ணࠬ  "㬠".  ⢥ ਬ  ᬮ७
ᯮᮡ 䨪樨 ணࠬ "MF 09".  筮 ப ࠭
। 짮⥫ "㬠"  ᪨ ਠ ᨫ쭮 ᤥন 
ਬ.
   ᪮쪮 ᯮᮡ 䨪樨 "㬠". 砫  
ᠬ ⮬  .

                      1.  
                             UDG-.
     ⨭᪨ 㪢  ० CAPS LOCK  ᠭ ᮢ 
᪨ (, , , , M, H, O, , C, , X),   ᪮ 㪢 "3" 
ᯮ짮  "3",  ⠥ ᥣ 20 㪢, ॡ 
䨪樨 (, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ), 
  㪫뢠  21 ᨬ,  ⢥  䨪 짮⥫ 
"㬥".
  । ணࠬ 來 뢠 ਭ樯 ନ஢ ᨬ
UDG-䨪. ਬ,  ନ஢ 㪢 "", ९  ᨬ
UDG "A", ࠥ ணࠬ:
         10 LET n=USR ""
         20 FOR x=N  n+7
         30 READ Y
         40 POKE  x,y
         50 NEXT  x
         100 DATA  BIN 00000000,
                   BIN 00111110,
                   BIN 01000010,
                   BIN 01000010,
                   BIN 00111110,
                   BIN 00100010,
                   BIN 01000010,
                   BIN 00000000
   ப 100 ᫥     19 ஡, ⮡ 來
ᬠਢ  㪢.  ᥫ,    祭,
⬥砥  "1",  ,  몫祭 -  "0".
   㪢 ""   ப 10  USR "" ⠢ USR ""  
㫨    ப 100.
   ஡  ⮤    ࠧࠡ⪥  "訥
   襣 ᯥ㬠". ਫ     ZX- N 4-5 (. 80).
⮬, ⮡  , ।⠢ ⥯,  ᪨ UDG-ᨬ
 㦥 ନ஢   뢠 21 ᨬ, 稭  "", 
䮭:
         SAVE "rusudg" CODE USR "a",21*8
    ᢮ ᮡ⢥ ணࠬ  㯠, ਬ, ᫥騬
ࠧ. ᫥   :
         1 GO TO 100
         2 LOAD  "rusudg"  CODE
         3 GO TO  1
         5 SAVE  "zagotowka"  LINE  2 :
           SAVE  "rusudg"  CODE USR "a",168
         6 GO TO  5
  稫 ᢮ࠧ "" ணࠬ.  ᤥ RUN 2  㧨
ᠭ ࠭  UDG. ᫥ ᮮ饭 "0 " ࠩ ᢮ ணࠬ,
稭  ⮩ ப,  㪠  ப 1 ᫥ GO TO,    100.
  ⮢ ணࠬ  䮭 ᯮ RUN 5, ।⥫쭮
⠢  "zagotowka"  ணࠬ.  ⮬  ணࠬ, 
᫥     UDG. ப 6 ""  , ᫨
   ᪮쪮 㡫 ணࠬ.  㧪 ணࠬ
  ப 2  㧨  UDG.  RUN ᯥ稢
"宫"  ணࠬ.
    UDG-䨪, ⠪,    㣮  , 
ࠧ  ᨪ-ணࠬ, ᯮ  ⮣ 㫥 ப. 
 । २⢠: ணࠬ ⮨   ,   
᪠, ᮪頥 ६ 㧪.   祭 .
  ᫥   : 1 REM,  ᫥ REM ⮫쪮 ஡
(  㣨 ᨬ), ᪮쪮 ⮢    १ࢨ஢
  楫.  ࠧ饭, ਬ,  ᨬ UDG  
168 ஡. ᫥ ⮣,  ப    , 塞 
  0,   :  23756,0 .  ࠭ ⥯ :
0 REM. ࢠ ப ⠫ 㫥.    砩 ᯮ,
맢  ।஢  EDIT.    ⮩ ப
稭  ࢮ ᨬ (஡), 襣  REM,   砫 -
23760,  ࠢ  ࠭ ᨬ (஡). , ᫨ 
ࠫ 168 ஡,  㧨  㫥 ப  
UDG-䨪:
         LOAD "rusudg" CODE 23760
    ᤥ ⠪, ⮡ 砫  UDG-, 㦥  
.  ⮣ ᯮ㥬 ⥬ ६ UDG,    
祩 23675  23676.  ६ 㪠뢠  ࢮ 祩 
UDG. 믮: PRINT PEEK 23675+256* 23676
    १: 65368. ,   १  ,
믮: PRINT USR "".
   祭 ⥬ ६ UDG 㤥 ࠢ 23760. ᫨ 訩,
 ⥬ 訩  ⮣ ᫠, 믮:
         PRINT 23760-256*INT(23760/256)
         PRINT  INT(23760/256)
  稬 208  92.  㧨  㫥 ப  "" ணࠬ,
믮:
         MERGE "zagotowka"
  ப 2  5:
         1 GO TO 100
         2  23675,208: POKE 23676,92
         3 GO  1
         5 SAVE "zasotowka" LINE 2
         6 GO TO  5
   ᤥ RUN 2.  ᫥ ᮮ饭 "0 "   ᢮
ணࠬ,  ᯮ ᪨ ॣ.   ⮫쪮   ⮬, 
 믮  LIST  뢥 㫥 ப,  ᪮॥ ᥣ,
㤥 ᮮ饭  訡.  易  ⥬,   ᨪ 
  ଠ,  ⮨  㫥 ப.   祭
⨭ ਤ  LIST 1.  ⭮   ⠪   ⮬,  
  砫 ப     ⮬᪮ ⨭, 





                                 -30-
 ଠ쭮 뢠  ।஢  EDIT  ࠡ ⮢
ணࠬ  ⮣   ࠤ.
   ᫮ ᢮ ணࠬ  ᯮᮡ 䨪樨  
ਬ, ⠪     ᪮ 몥  ਨ 
⥪ ணࠬ.
   ᠥ ணࠬ MF 09, ,  ᮦ,    室 
ᠬ ⮩ ᯮᮡ 䨪樨, ⠪  ᨬ, ࠭  ᯮ짮
᪮ ॣ ( [G])  ⮡ࠦ  ० "ᯫ". 
  ࠭ ⠥  "?".   㤭   
뢥 ⥪     ਭ஢, ⫨  "ZX". ⮬
ᬮਬ 㣮,  ᮢ襭 ᯮᮡ  䨪樨.

         2.    .
   ஡, 易  ⨬ ᮬ, 뫨   ZX-
 4-5 . 80-81.  㯭   - ,  , ணࠬ
ᮢ⨬.  ⨭᪮ 㪢 㤥 ᮮ⢥⢮  ᪠? 
  讣 祭  ⭮ ஢ ணࠬ,   
 ⥪   ,   ⠪ ணࠬ,  MF 09, 
  祭,   ६     
⥩ 짮  , ⠢묨 㣨 ࠬ. 
   ⠫ ணࠬ  "㬠" ( ﬨ  ᪮
몥),  ᯨᠭ  , ᠬ⮢  ..  ᫨  
   ९  ᠬ ணࠬ MF 09 , 㤭 
 ᥭ      , ⠪   ࠧ 
㤥 "ᢠ"  । ᪨ 㪢  
.
   ⠭  ASCII   ப 襫 ᢮, ᨬ 
 ⥬,  १  ࠢ  .  猪  
㣨 , ࠡ騥  ⮬ ⠭.   ᨬ 
"㬠" (  32  127)   ASCII. ⮬ ⥫쭮
४ 稭騬 ਤন  ⮣ ⠭. ।
᪨ 㪢      㤮,   
ਢ몭  ⠭  㤮⢮ .    㤥 
蠭ᮢ  "ਢ"  ᥡ ணࠬ.

  ᭠ ⠡ -7  ASCII  ᪮쪮 ᨬ ஢:
⨭᪨, ᪨, ᬥ蠭.   ᫮  ࠧ 
 :
         1  -   32  63 - ᨬ  ;
         2  -   64  95 -㪢,  ᭮ ⠥  ॣ
           CAPS LOCK;
         3  -   96  127 - 㪢, ⠥  ॣ
           CAPS LOCK.
    㢨      ப  ࠭, 믮:
         FOR =32  127: RINT CHR$ ;: NEXT a
  ,    ࠭,  ᨬ ஬ "0" ᭮
 ⠡ -7  ASCII. ᫨   㣮 ᨬ : "H1",
   ࢠ  ⠥ ⮩ ,   -   ᪨
㪢,    -  ᪨ 㪢.   ᮮ⢥⢨ 
⥬ ஬,   ROM "㬠" ਢ  ZX- 4-5  1991.,
. 81.
    ਭ樯쭮 訫  ᥡ  ⠭⨧樨,  ⠫쭮
-  孨. 㦠 ணࠬ "ART STUDIO", 室  ० TEXT 
 FONT EDITOR.   । ⨭᪨ 㪢  ᪨
ᮮ⢥⢥ ⠡ (    ᨬ쭮 ), ⠢ 
   ᨬ (  ᨬ쭮 )   
 ᨬ   (ਬ   "ruschr"),
  祭 ᨬ   768 ⮢  .  ᯮ짮
 ᢮ ணࠬ,  㤮 ᯮ ।⢥ । ᨬ UDG,
ࠧ⨢  :
          USR ""-768=64600
  , ࠭   楫ᮮࠧ ᨬ   ᡫ
 UDG; ᫥  ᯮ짮   ணࠬ ।⢥
 祭 -  祭 ᪨ ⮢.  ⮣ 
쥤    :
         LOAD "ruschr" CODE  6460,768
         LOAD "rusudg" CODE  65368,168
         SAVE "rus" CODE 64600,936
   㬠  㤮⢥ 짮. ᫨ ᨬ  ᯮ 
 64600, ⥬ ६ CHARS (祩 23606, 23607) 㤥 ࠢ:
         64600-256=64344
  訩  訩  : 64344-256*INT(64344/255)=88
                              IN(64344/256)=251
  "" ணࠬ  룫拉 ⥯ ᫥騬 ࠧ:
         1 GO  100
         2 LOAD  ""
         3 GO TO 1
         5 SAVE  "zagotowka"  LINE 2 : SAVE  "rus"  CODE 64600,936
         6 GO TO  5
         8 POKE 2606,88: POKE 23607, 251:  RETURN : REM rus
         9 K 23606,0 : POKE 23607,60 :RETURN : R lat
    ⮢ ணࠬ,   ࠭, ᯮ RUN 5
(।⥫쭮 ⠢  ணࠬ).   ணࠬ 㤥 ᠭ
ᨬ    UDG (.. 768+168=936 ).  ਬ 
ப 8  9.   : GO SUB 8  ⥬: LIST
   㢨,  ⨭ ணࠬ ⠥ ᪨ 㪢. 
⭮ ४祭 ᤥ GO SUB 9.   ४祭 
ਬ  襩 ணࠬ. ਬ, ⮡  ࠧ: "zx-spectrum
 -",   ⠪ ப  ணࠬ:
     100 PRINT "ZX-Spectnum ";:GO SUB 8: PRINT "pi{et PO-RUSSKI":GO SUB 9
  ⮡  ᪠ 訡   讣  ᪮ ⥪ 
᢮ ணࠬ, । ஬ ப ᤥ GO SUB 8 אַ   
㤥  ᪨ ⥪,  ,  ⮬ ,   㤥
砭, ⠭  ࠭.
  ਬ  ᨬ ஢  뢮  ࠭ ⥪
᪨  ⨭᪨ 묨  묨 㪢,  ந
४祭 ⠢  ணࠬ GO SU 8  GO SUB 9  祭 㤮, 
,  ४祭  믮,  ⠭ ணࠬ,
ਬ,  ப   ணࠬ F 09. ⮬ 
ᯮ짮 㣨 ஬  ASCII -   -7 "". 
ࢠ    - ᮢ  ROM "㬠",   쥩  
 ⨭᪨ -  ᪨ 㪢.
   ᮮ⢥⢨  ROM "㬠" ਢ  (⮫쪮  
ᨬ쭮 ):

        96         112   p           
        97 a           113   q           
        98 b           114   r           
        99            115   s           
       100 d           116   t           
       101            117   u           
       102 f           118   v           
       103 g           119   w           
       104 h           120   x           
       105 i           121   y           
       106 j           122   z           
       107 k           123   [           
       108 l           184   .  
       109 m           125   ]           
       110 n           126       
       111            127   ࠩ    

   ⮬ 砥 ४祭 





                                 -31-
ᨬ   ᤥ ⮫쪮  ࠧ ࠧ  ᫥ 
ணࠬ.  ப 3 襣 :
         3 GO SUB 8: GO TO 1
   ⮬, ࠢ,  ਤ 짮   ᪨  ⨭᪨ 
⮫쪮 묨 㪢.
  ⭮ ᫥ ᪠ ᪮쪮 ᫮  ⮬,  룫廊 ⮢  
࠭ .  頫 ,      襩
᪮ ணࠬ  ਬ ᨬ  "ᯥ㬠" , 
᭮ ⨫ .  ᮡ ⥫쭮 䥪 ਢ
ਬ 㯫 ⮢.  ⮬ ணࠬ 㪢쭮 ८ࠦ.
祬   ᯮ짮 ⠪   ᢮ ணࠬ ? ஬ ᨢ
"譥 "   襭 ⪮  ࠧ筮 ⠭ 梥⮢
INK - PAPER.
   ᢮ ணࠬ  ਬ "⮫饭" ᪮-⨭᪨ ᨬ
 (""   -7),   । 饬 .  ⮬
㪢 룫  㢥祭  ᫥騬 ࠧ ( -  ᥫ) :

                                      
                                          
                                    
                                  
                                      
                                    

   訥 ᨢ ⥪, 饣 ⮫쪮   㪢,  
"⮫饭",  ࠭ 룫 ᫭骮 ⭮  殮. ⮬ ᪨
㪢  ⮬ ᨬ쭮  ᤥ , 祬 ⨭᪨.   -
  㪢,   ᠭ -  .  ⮬  
㢥稢 ﭨ  窠  ⥪ 룫廊  ମ筮.
   ,  祬    ப,   ࣭ ᮬ.
 ⮬   768 ᥫ  ⮬⥫쭮.  ஡,   
⢠  㢥७: ,   ,  ࠢ.  
२⢠ ⮣ ᨬ쭮   㢨 ࠧ,  㣨 ᮬ
業, ࠡ⠢ ஥ ६.      
㤮⢨   ⨬ ஬, ᪮  筮
㭨ᠫ  ⥪ ⥫쭮 룫廊  ࠭.
    ⮣ ᨬ쭮    ,  
ணࠬ.
         10 CLEAR 54599
         20 LET N=64600: LET S=0
         30 FOR X=N TO N+767
         40 READ Y: K X,Y
         50 LET S=S+Y:
         60 NEXT X
         70 IF S<>44655 THEN PRINT FLASH 1;"ERROR":STOP
         80 POKE 23606,88: K 23607,251
         90 FOR A=32 TO 127: PRIMT CHR$ A;: NEXT A
         100 SAVE "znak" CODE 64600,768
         110 DATA
             000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000,
             000, 024, 024, 024, 024, 000, 024, 000,
             000, 108, 108, 108, 000, 000, 000, 000,
             000, 108, 254, 108, 108, 254, 108, 000
         120 DATA
             000, 024, 126, 088, 126, 026, 126, 024,
             000, 098, 100, 008, 016, 038, 070, 000,
             000, 048, 088, 048, 122, 204, 118, 000,
             000, 024, 048, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000
         130 DATA
             000, 012, 024, 024, 024, 024, 012, 000,
             000, O48, 024, 024, 024, 024, 048, 000,
             000, 000, 108, 056, 254, 056, 108, 000,
             000, 000, 024, 024, 126, 024, 024, 000
         140 DATA
             000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 024, 024, 048,
             000, 000, 000, 000, 124, 000, 000, 000,
             000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 024, 024, 000,
             000, 000, 006, 012, 024, 048, 096, 000
         150 DATA
             000, 060, 102, 110, 118, 102, 060, 000.
             000, 024, 056, 024, O24, 024, 060, 000,
             000, 060, 102, 005, 060, 096, 126, 000,
             000, 060, 102, 012, 006, 102, 060, 000
         160 DATA
             000, 012, 028, 044, 076, 126, 012, 000,
             000, 126, 096, 124, 006, 102, 060, 000,
             000, 060, 096, 124, 102, 102, 060, 000,
             000, 126, 102, 012, 024, 048, 048, 000
         170 DATA
             000, 060, 102, 060, 102, 102, 06O, 000,
             000, 060, 102, 102, 062, 006, 060, 000,
             000, 000, 024, 024, 000, 024, 024, 000,
             000, 000, 024, 024, 000, 024, 024, 048
         180 DATA
             000, 000, 012, 024, 048, 024, 012, 000,
             000, 000, 000, 124, 000, 124, 000, 000,
             000, 000, 048, 024, 012, 024, 048, 000,
             000, 060, 102, 012, 024, 000, 024, 000
         190 DATA
             000, 124, 206, 214, 222, 192, 124, 000,
             000, 060, 102, 102, 126, 102, 102, 000,
             000, 124, 102, 124, 102, 102, 124, 000,
             000, 060, 102, 096, 096, 102, 060, 000
         200 DATA
             000, 124, 102, 102, 102, 102, 124, 000,
             000, 126, 096, 124, 096, 096, 126, 000,
             000, 126, 096, 124, 096, 096, 096, 000,
             000, 060, 102, 096, 110, 102, 060, OOO
         210 DATA
             000, 102, 102, 126, 102, 102, 102, 000,
             000, 060, 024, 024, 024, 024, 060, 000,
             000, 014, 006, 006, 102, 102, 060, 000,
             000, 102, 108, 120, 120, 108, 102, 000
         220 DATA
             000, 096, 096, 096, 096, 096, 126, 000,
             000, 066, 102, 126, 102, 102, 102, 000,
             000, 102, 102, 116, 110, 102, 102, 000,
             000, 060, 102, 102, 102, 102, 060, 000
         230 DATA
             000, 124, 102, 102, 124, O96, 096, 000,
             000, 060, 102, 102, 110, 110, 062, 000,
             000, 124, 102, 102, 124, 106, 102, 000,
             000, 060, 096, 060, 006, 102, 060, 000
         24O DATA
             000, 126, 024, 024, 024, 024, 024, 000,
             000, 102, 102, 102, 102, 102, 060, 000,
             000, 102, 102, 102, 102, 060, 024, 000,
             000, 196, 198, 214, 214, 254, 066, 000
         250 DATA
             000, 102, 060, 024, 024, 060, 102, 000,
             000, 102, 060, 024, 024, 024, 024, 000,
             000, 124, 012, 024, 048, 096, 124, 000,
             000, 030, 024, 024, 024, 024, 030, 000
         260 DATA
             000, 000, 096, 048, 024, 012, 006, 000,
             000, 120, 024, 024, 024, 024, 120, 000,
             000, 024, 06O, 090, 024, 024, 024, 000,
             000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 255
         270 DATA
             000, 000, 220, 246, 245, 246, 220, 000,
             000, 000, 060, 102, 126, 102, 102, 000,
             000, 000, 124, 096, 124, 102, 124, 000,
             000, 000, 106, 106, 108, 108, 126, 006
         280 DATA
             000, 000, 060, 108, 108, 108, 254, 196,
             000, 000, 126, 096, 124, 096, 126, 000,
             000, 000, 124, 214, 214, 124, 016, 000,
             000, 000, 062, 048, 048, 048, 048, 000
         290 DATA
             000, 000, 102, 060, 024, 060, 102, 000,
             000, 000, 102, 102, 110, 118, 120, 000,
             000, 024, 102, 102, 110, 118, 102, 000,
             000, 000, 102, 108, 120, 108, 102, 000
         300 DATA
             000, 000, 030, 054, 054, 054, 102, 000,
             000, 000, 066, 102, 126, 102, 102, 000,
             000, 000, 102, 102, 126, 102, 102, 000,
             000, 000, 060, 102, 102, 102, 060, 000
         310 DATA
             000, 000, 126, 102, 102, 102, 102, 000,
             000, 000, 062, 102, 062, 054, 102, 000,
             000, 000, 124, 102, 102, 124, 096, 000,
             000, 000, 060, 102, 096, 102, 060, 000
         320 DATA
             000, 000, 126, 024, 024, 024, 024, 000,
             000, 000, 102, 102, 062, 006, 060, 000,
             000, 000, 214, 214, 124, 214, 214, 000,
             000, 000, 124, 102, 124, 102, 124, 000
         330 DATA
             000, 000, 096, 096, 124, 102, 124, 000,
             000, 000, 198, 198, 246, 222, 246, 000,
             000, 000, 060, 102, 012, 102, 060, 000,
             000, 000, 198, 214, 214, 214, 254, 000
         340 DATA
             000, 000, 120, 012, 060, 012, 120, 000,
             000, 000, 198, 214, 214, 214, 255, 003,
             000, 000, 102, 102, 062, 006, 006, 000,
             060, 066, 153, 161, 161, 153, 066, 060
  ᫠  ப DATA ⠭   㣮  㤮⢠ ⥭.  
   ⠪,   㤮.
    "ࠨ" 㦠 ᨬ쭮   ணࠬ MF 09.
᫥ ⮣,  ᨬ  㤥 ᠭ  , 㯠 ᫥騬
ࠧ. ⨬  ।⢥ । ᭮   "MF09CODE"
CODE  57328,828    57328-768-56560.  祭 ६ CHARS ⮣
㤥 ࠢ: 56560-256=56304.





                                 -32-
  訩  訩  CHARS:
         56304-256*IN(56304/256)=240
         INT (56304/256)=219
 : CLEAR  56559
         LOAD  "znak"  CODE 56560,768
         LOAD  "MF09CODE" CODE 57328,8208
 뢠 ⮢ ணࠬ  :
         SAVE  "MF09  R/L" CODE  56560,8976
 塞 ணࠬ-稪 "MF LOADER",   CLEAR 57327 
CLEAR  56559.
  , ந  ᭮ ᨪ-ணࠬ. 塞 ப,
४騥 ᭮  ୠ⨢ ᨬ 
         8 POKE VAL "23606",VAL "240": POKE VAL "23607", VAL "219": RETURN :
           REM RUS
         9 POKE VAL "23606", NOT PI : POKE VAL "23607",VAL "60": RETURN :
           REM  lat
  塞 㣨 ப, ⠢  㦭  GO SUB 8  GO SUB 9 
 砫    ᭮  :
         1 GO SUB VAL "8": GO TO USR VAL "58285"
      4020 GO SUB VAL "9": SAVE C$(TO VAL "10") DATA F$(): GO SUB VAL "8":
           GO TO USR R
      4030 GO SUB VAL "9": SAVE C$(TO VAL "10") LINE VAL "4035": SAVE
           "MF09 R/L" CODE VAL "56560", VAL "8976": GO SUB VAL "8":
            GO TO USR R
      4035 LOAD "MF09 R/L" CODE: GO TO PI/PI
  ⠫ ப ⠢塞  .
  ᠭ  ᯮᮡ 䨪樨 ⭮ᨫ ⮫쪮   ,
  ᮪ ⥯ 䨪樨  ॢ  ᪨  
 ⥪⮢ ᮮ饭  ணࠬ,   -᪨.

                3.     .
     㣠 ,  ணࠬ ᠭ  設 .  ᠬ
   譥, 祬  ᨪ. 祬  ⮣, ⮡ ᤥ
 ॢ ணࠬ  ᪨ ,  易⥫쭮  㬥
짮 - ᯥ樠묨 ணࠬ-ࠬ ⨯ MONS 
㣨.  易⥫쭮 ⠪  ⭠筮 ⥬ ᫥.
室 ⮫쪮 ,  ௥  ⭮,   
 ᪨    ᫮ ⮫.  ⠪, ᫨ 
ࠡ⠫  ணࠬ   ६, ⮡  ⥭   ⮣ 
 ⥪⮢ ᮮ饭.
  ᬮਬ ஡  ॢ ணࠬ  ᪨   ਬ
ணࠬ MF 09. ਮ⥭   ᬮ ᯮ짮  ॢ
㣨 ணࠬ.
   設  楤 뢮 ⥪⮢ ᮮ饭  ࠭  
ᠬ묨 ࠧ묨,    砥 ᠬ ப ᨬ, 뢮  ࠭,
室  ணࠬ,  ⮫쪮      ᨬ,
室 ⠬,  㣨 祭     .
   ࠡ  ᯮ짮  ணࠬ-஬,  
 㪮.    ᪮쪮   㦭 ணࠬ  ᨪ.
   ਢ ᠭ ⠪ ᯥ樠஢ , 
  室 ⥪⮢ ᮮ饭  ணࠬ,  ⠪ ᪮쪮
⮬⨧   ⥪  ᪨.

                        -
         1 BORDER  7: PAPER  7: INK 0: CLS: GO SUB 6: GO TO 100
         2 CLEAR  50000
         3 LOAD  ""CODE
         4 GO TO  1
         5 GO SUB  9: INPUT  "FILENAME"; N$
         6 SAVE N$ LINE 2: SAVE H$ CODE 56560,8976
         7 STOP
         8 POKE 23606,240: POKE 23607, 219: RETURN : REM rus
         9 POKE 23606,0: POKE 23607,60: RETURN : REM lat
         10 LET B=PEEK A:  LET C$=CHR$ 
         15 IF B<32 THEN LET C$="?"
         20 RETURN
         100 INPUT "ADDRESS: ";N
         20O FOR A=N TO  65535
         210 REM
         220 GO SUB 10
         230 INPUT (TAB 0;A; TAB 8; B;TAB 13;c$;TAB 23);C$: IF c$<>"" THEN
             POKE A,CODE C$
         231 REM INPUT  (TAB 0: A; TAB 8; B; TAB 13; C$; TAB 23); LINE C$:
             IF C$<>""  THEN POKE A,VAL C$
         240 GO SUB 10
         250 PRINT TAB 0; A; TAB 8;B; TAB 13; c$;
         300 NEXT A
   ப 15 ।⢥ ।     "INV. VIDEO"
(CAPS SHIFT+4), a ࠧ  ᫥   "TR. VIDEO"  (CAPS SHIFT+3).
  REM  ப 231 ࠭ ᫥  ᥩ ப,  ᫥ ।.
  ᫥ ⮣,     ணࠬ, ᤥ RUN 2  㧨 
䮭  "MF09 R/L"  몮 ᪮⨭᪨ ᨬ
஬. ᫥ 砭 㧪 ணࠬ 믮 ४祭  
ᨬ      ண ⨬ ᬠਢ ᮤন
 .   "STOP" (SYMBOL  SHIFT+A)  "ENTER" 
ਬ ஡  ᠬ ணࠬ .
    㦥   ࠣ: ப 8  9 - ४⥫
⮢ ( ணࠬ ⠢  㦭  GO SUB 8  GO SUB 9). 
࠭ १⮢ 襣 㤠  ਮ᪨ 㤥  RUN 5 - 
   ணࠬ-   MF 09  ⮬ ﭨ,  ண
 諨. ᫥ ⮣,  ᤥ RUN 5, ணࠬ   䠩 
.   1, 2, 3...  ..
  ப 10, 15, 20 -  ᯮ⥫쭠 ணࠬ, ᢠ
祭 ६  ᮮ⢥⢨  ᮤন 祩 . ப 15
।࠭  뢮  ࠭ ࠢ ᨬ,    0  31.
᫨  ⠪ ᨬ,   ࠭ 㤥 ᭮ ⠭  "?".
  ᬮ ࠧ ࠢ騩 ᨬ  訩  , 
⮦    ⥪.
  ப 210 १ࢨ஢  ࣠樨 ᪠ 㦭 ଠ樨,  
   ⨬ .
  ப 230  231 祭 宦.  ப 231 ⮨ REM  , ⠪ ࠧ
몫祭. ப 230 뤠  ࠭  祩 , , ᮤঠ騩
   ᨬ, ᮮ⢥騩 ⮬ ;  -  窠 - 
 ᨬ,  ண     祩.  㤮  
⥪⮢ ᮮ饭, ⠪   ⢫ ।⢥ 㪢, 
 ⮣ ᨬ,   ,  ⥪   ⮡ࠦ
 ࠭.  ⠪  ,  ४稢  㦠 ᨬ
 ணࠬ "MF09 R/L",  㤥  ⥪  ⮬ ,   㤥
 ⮢ ணࠬ.  ०  [L] - ⠥ pyc 㪢,   ०
[] (CAPS LOCK) - ⨭᪨.  ⠪ ॣ "EXT. MODE"  "GRAPH".
    ⥪    㪢,  뢠 ᫥  ᨬ
 "ENTER",  ⠪ ⠢ "஡"  ᫮. ᫨  祣 
 ,    "ENTER"  室  ᫥襩 祩.
 ⮣ ⮡, ⠭ ணࠬ,   " " (SYMBOL
SHIFT+5), ⥬ "STOP"  "ENTER". ⮬  RUN  GO TO 100  ࠡ 
묨 ᠬ. ᫨   㢨,  ⨫ 訡  , 
⠭ ணࠬ, ᤥ GO TO 200 - ணࠬ    
⮣ ,    ᫥ ࠧ.  "ENTER",  
⮬ ,  饭 訡.
   ᯥਬ  ⮢묨 ணࠬ,   ᫥饬
᪥ ZX-     ᪠  ⮬,  믮 
䨪 ணࠬ MASTERFILE  09.





                                 -33-
                            

                        STALINGRAD CCS  1989.
                    ᯥ ஢ .., .

                               .
  ⥣᪠  "STALINGRAD", ࠧࠡ⠭  CCS  1989 ,
।⠢ 쭥襥 ࠧ⨥  "OVERLORD",   .
 ࠧ, ଠ ᮧ    ࠦ ன ஢
, ५  室    ⮪. , ᫨  "OVERLORD" 
ࠢ﫨 ᪠ ,   "STALINGRAD"  । ࠢ
檨 ᪠.   㯮 譨 ࠧ  "宫 " 
"ࠧ ࠣ" -  ᫮, , 筮,  ᠤ  ⢥, 
 ᤥ ,  ⢥ ணࠬ  ணࠬ,
஢    ਨ.
  ࠦ  ᮢ᪮-ଠ᪮ ஭, 㭨 ᢮ ஬
࠭⢮  訬 殮 ᨫ, ࠬ筮, 猪  
㦠   ⮢  ⥣᪨  (ਬ ࠦ 
᪢, ૨, ࠦ   ⮭ ஢ , ᢮
묠, ஭ ࠤ,  "⨮", 㯫  ਨ),
ॠ  ᢥ ஭  .
   , "STALINGRAD"  祭, ᭠ .   ॠ ⠪
,  ᭠ , ᭠ ࣠ ନ, ࠧ쭮
ࠢ ﬨ ( OVERLORDe  뫮 ࠢ ⮫쪮 ନﬨ 
楫).  ⢨    䠪஢ (ࠫ쭮 ﭨ
, ⥬ 㭨権, ५ ⭮  . .).
   ࠦ ᮡ, ந室訥   䫠 ᮢ᪮ ଠ᪮
஭     1942 .   १ ଠ ⨫,
, ⥣ 樠⨢,  諠  ஭   筮, ⠪
   ஭.
   砫  1942, ଠ 뫠   ⮫쪮 ᨫ쭠,  諠 
㯫   ᢮ 筮 ஭.  ⮣ 㯫 뫨
쬠 ⥫: ஢  ᪨ ॡ, 
묨 ஬᫠ ࡠ    ᪨  
। ⮪, ࠭  .  ᮯ 楫 ᬠਢ
墠 ⠫ࠤ  墠 ,  襩 ࠭ᯮ⭮ ਨ,
뢠襩 ᪨   ।騬 ࠩ  ⢨,  
 ᪮    ⠬ ⠢ . ᭠ ନ 
   ⮬  ᨫ, 묨  ࠦ ⠪
㯫,   ⠫  ।. ⪨ 稫  
䠬  쪮  .
  㯠,  﫨 , ⥬ - ॢ  ᪮
ॡ, , 諨  ⠫ࠤ.  ⠢襥  ⨢ ᮢ᪨
 ⠢ ⫥ ⫮ ᢮  騥 , ।稢
 ⠫ࠤ. ⠫ࠤ ⥯ ਪ   㤠 ᨫ,   ⠬
 襩  諨 ᥡ .   ᨫ ᮢ᪠ ନ ᠬ
諠  㯫,  23   ⠫ࠤ᪮ 㯯஢  楢
㫮 .  ਬ୮ ⨬ ਮ,   ਢ ᨫ,
蠥 "STALINGRAD".  ⠫ࠤ᪠ ⢠  த,  ᮢ᪨
᪠ ࠧ ⪨ 楢 ஢ 㦥,   2 䥢ࠫ
஢ "⥫".
   稭   , ਬ୮ ᮮ⢥  ஭  
1942.  襬 ᯮ殮 6 ନ,     १ࢥ - 3 ᪠
(஥   , 祬  檨 ନ). 11 ନ 室  .
 ⨢ ᫠ 㦥   ᭠饭 ᮢ᪨ ନ 1
襫.   ३  㯫,    ࠦ.
 ⠯  筮 :     ᭠,
஥  ᪠ ᮪.  㤠ୠ ᨫ - ⠭ ,  
 ᢥ  2 ⠭ ନ. ᯮ   ன . 
     ᪨ ஢,  ⨢ ᢮ 11
ନ:  ᠦ 3  .
   砥 , 稭 ,   㭨権
.  室 ਪ뢠  訥 ᨫ  
묨 㭪⠬   ᭠. ᫥   ᮪⨫, 
뤥塞 客   㤭. ஥  ᪠
.  ⥬ ६  㡨 ᪮  室  ࠧ稢
ᢥ   ᭠饭 ନ, 騥 讥 ⢮ ⠭ 
⮯. (   ५     ⢨ :
  ,   ந室  뤢).   
 ⠪ !

                               
  ᫥ 㧪 ணࠬ 訢 ஢ ᫮, ।
㧨 ⫮ . ᫥ ⮣     ᯮ
.   ஫஢ 蠬 .    ࠭
室 ᬥ騥  㣠 .
   室 ⮨  2 ⠯: ⤠ ਪ  ᮡ⢥ ६襭
.  砫  室 ணࠬ ।   (SAVE
GAME - S), ⤠ ਪ (ARMY ORDERS - A)  ३   ᯮ 
६饭  (MOVEMENT ).
   ନ   3 த : , ⮯, ⠭ (
᫥騩 த ᨫ쭥  ७ ।饣). 筠 
ᮢ᪨ , , ᨬ, 騥 த  ࠧ.
     ᨬ  4 ५.   ᭠,  
ᯮ   ᥫ 㭪,  㧫 ண.  
த  ᪠      .   
। ⮬  㭪   뢠    .
      "",     ਭ 襭.  
 ⤠ ਪ (ORDERS - ), ᬮ ﭨ ᨫ  ஭
(DETAIL D)   ᯮ (TERRAIN  - ).  ନ ᮮ⢥
஢ ,   ன   ⮩ ନ 頥. ३ 
० ORDERS,  ⤠ ਪ ࠭ ନ, 㪠뢠  㡥, 
  ,  ࠪ  ⢨  (㯫 ATTACK  - , ஭ -
DEFEND D). 設⢮  ନ, ஬ 2  11 - ,   6 ,
ᢥ  2  (3   ). 2  11 ନ   
 .  㪠뢠 ᫥⥫쭮  業, ࠢ 
 䫠 ᭠砫 , ⥬ 㣮  ନ.   ⮬
 ᨬ "X","R","L"   業, ࠢ   䫠 .
   ࠧ, 





                                 -34-
 㪠     , ,  ࠢ 
OVERLORD, 讥 㤮⢮. ५  ᠬ ᫥ 
, ᫮ ਭ     ନ, STALINGRAD
㭠᫥  OVERLORDa.  㡥   筮 ;
ᮥ 㤥 믮 ᢮ ,  ⠪᪨  
।  ᠬ⥫쭮. , ᫨  ࣫ 㤠
⨢  ⠫ ⪠뢠 , ਪ (᫨   ⬥ )
 த㡫஢.
   ० "DETAIL"   ᬮ ᫥   ஭. 
㢨 ஥ ᢮ ⥩:
         EXLT-excellent-ॢ室
         V.G.-very good-祭 襥
         GOOD-襥
         FAIR-⭮
         FOOR-襭
         LOW-
         ABYS-ﭨ
   ஥  䥪⨢  ,  .  ०
"TERRAIN" ணࠬ 뤥 ᯮ ࠭  ନ.  
訢 梥묨 ⨪  直 ᥩ,  ⠢
讥 㤮⢮, ⮬ ⨬ ०   짮. ࠢ
     ।⢮  ⨩ "" (Exit),  
 ਢ ᪠  ,  "" (MOVEMENT). ணࠬ ।
뢠   ᥭ 㤠஢  ஭. ( ,
ࠧ㬥, ⮫쪮 㯠騥 ).   ,  
ࠦ騥   業.  ⢨ﬨ 檨  ᮢ᪨ 
 ।  ᢮ .  ࠬ ,  -  ࠩ
᪮ , ६ 㪠⥫ 蠬 ""  "Q",  롨ࠥ
। 塞 ନ,  "". ᫨ ନ १  
᭠, 㯠   . ⥬ - த   (-"") 
 ᫥ (SET VALUE - V).  ⮬    ࠧ  
 १ࢮ: ARM-⠭, -⮯, INF-(䠭).
   殮 ᪮쪨  室    뤥.
   室  ⢨      , 
祧 ᮢᥬ:    ନ஢ (Unit disband) 
ࠧ஬ (unit routs). ⪨ ନ஢   㣨
 ନ.  祧   ନ஢  
  த .  ࠧ,  ⠢  ନ 
 ⠭  ⮯ ,   (   
ᨫ).
  ନ஢   ந, ᫨ । ନ 讥
 -100  200.
  ନ   ॢ ᢮ ࢮ砫 ࠧ஢:   
  6 ,      , 祬 100% ⠢.
     १  ௠, ணࠬ 뤠  ᢮
祭  ⮬,   ,  ⮩稢   ᮮ
⢮ 릨  १  ⢨   ஭. 祭
   ࠢ.   த , ⢥⨢ "Y" 
ᮮ⢥騩 , ࠢ,    室 㤥  
  嬠⭮ ⨨,   ᪥ ⠥  2-3 䨣.

                               .
     㤨,  ᫥ ᮢ᪨ ନ ࢮ 襫
६⥫쭮 ନ஢뢠, 멤  ᮯਪ᭮  . 
   㯫  業 11 襫,    .
     ,  ணࠬ ६頥 ନ ᫥⥫쭮,
  ᯮ  ᥢ     ஭, ᪮ 浪 
ନ  ஭栥  㣮.  ࠢ ⮨ 뢠, ᫨  
, ⮡  ᪠ ९⠫.
   뢠 ᯮ ᢮ ⥩,  室  ⠪ 
訬, , ᫨  맮     ० "DETAIL"   "TERRAIN",
  ஫   㪠 ਡ⥫ ࠩ  ᯮ,
, 筮, 梥⮬   뤥.
    楫⭮ ᢮ 㭨樨.  ନ  
ࢠ  ᪮쪨 稭:   ࢠ   ᭠,
ᮢ᪨ ᪠ ᮢ訫 ३ 訬 뫠 (।  ࠢ
   ⠭ ਣ), ,  ᤠ ᢮ , 室. 訢
᭠, ନ ࠧ   䥪⨢:  ७,
஥  ᪠,     祬 ᯮ.  ࠧ஬
⠪ ନ 筮 ᪮쪨 室.
  ⮡ ⠭ ᭠饭,   ᮧ  ⥬ 㭨,
 祣 ନ       ᭠. ।
室 쭮  㯠.

                          
   砫  ணࠬ ।  ஢ ᫮ (NTER GAME
LEVEL).   :(1-3).
  ਭ樯 ࠧ稩   ,  - ᫥ 
᫮⥩   3 ஢ ⥫쭮 㤭.

                          
   筮 த⥫쭠,   横   8 ᮢ,
⮬  猪 ਤ 뢠   ,    ࠧ.
ணࠬ । ᤥ   砫  室. । 뤠祩
ଠ樨  䮭 뤠 ।० (press any y).
뢠 䠩    16 .   ࠭ 
⮫몮  ,   ⤠  ਪ.
   ।।   ⠫. 뢠,  ணࠬ 뢮
ᮮ饭 "Unit disband" 㦥 ᫥  ⨨.   砥  
 ᨨ "⨪" ᠭ 䠩 뢠 ᡮ, ᫥ 
㧪  "᭥". 室  ᫥饣 室  뢠
 .
  ணࠬ । 㧨 ⫮  ⮫쪮  ࠧ,  砫
, ᫥  ஢ ᫮.
  STALINGRAD ਭ  ⥬  ࠬ,     襭
  १㧪 - 讣 ꥬ ଠ樨, ࠪਧ饩
. ⮬  ࢠ 㤠  ,  ⮫쪮
१㧨 ணࠬ.  ⨦    ஭ ணࠬ ⮦
।  ᥡ   .

                        
  , ॠ㥬 ன, 砫쭮  ஭, c⠢ ᨫ,
⮢ ⢨, 뢠騥 , 筮   ॠ
ᮡ 50-⭥ .   ⪨  ⠫ࠤ 
 ਢ  ᯥ. ᪨ ᪠      5 ⠭ ਨ,
 ⠭  堭஢ ᮢ.   ⮯  
饢᪮ ନ. 2 檠 ନ  ⢨⥫쭮 뫠 ᪮.
11 ନ  ᠬ⥫쭮 ९ࠢ  묠 ⮬ 1942. 
  㣨  ⠫, ⫨ ⠫ࠤ  STALlNGRADa.
  ,  ᠬ⥫쭠 , STALINGRAD 祭 ᭠  猪
ਢ  .





                                 -35-
                          FLIGHT SIMULATION
                            Psion  1983.
               ॢ ଥ 樨 , 1987

   ᫥  ⮢   , ᯮ  .  
쪮     ॠ쭮,   ॠ쭮 ६, ⮡ࠧ 
ᮡ :  ᠬ,   㬥⠫쭮
ᯥ祭  .. "  砥  ᥡ  䥪 
।⠢      쪮 嬮୮  ⮢ ᠬ.

                            
  ࣠ ࠢ ᠬ⮬   ᥡ: ࢠ, 뫪, 墮⮢
  ॣ 魮 ⥫.  ࢠ ।  
뢠 ⪫ ਧ⠫ 㫥 , ᮮ⢥⢥, ६饭
ᠬ   .
  த ᠬ १砩 ᫮, ࠢ - ࣠
뢠,  ࠢ,   ᫥⢨. ਬ, ஭  ⮫쪮
뢠 ७ ᠬ,   ᮧ ⥫   ⮪,
뢠騩  ᠬ. ᥬ ⮬  , ࠡ 
஬.
   ᠬ  ࠪ  ⮡ࠦ  ਡ୮  
 .   㪮⢮ ﬨ  ਡ஢ 
뢥 ᠬ  ,  ன  ᮢ ᠤ  ॡ㥬
᪮,  室 㣫. 筮 ࠢ 㣮 ᠤ ⠢ 3
ࠤ ..    6000 ⮢  ﭨ 20 , 3000 ⮢
 ﭨ 10   1000 ⮢  ﭨ 3   . 
ࠢ ⠪  ᪮쪮   ᠬ.    
  ॣ㫨 ࠢ  ᠬ.
      ਧ     த஬,  
, ਥ஢   ࠤ类   ⭮. १  
 ᢥ⫮   ⥬ ,  ⭮-ᠤ筮  
嬥୮ ᯥ⨢  ꥪ  :   . .  
४ ⠪  ࠦ 樮 ,  ன 
⠫ ⭮: , ࠤ直  . ᫥ 㧪 ணࠬ  設
 ࠭    ᮬ: "   ࠡ뢠?" - 
   ᠤ. , ᮮ⢥⢥, 1, 2  3. ᫥ ⮣
 , 㦥    . ⢥砩 "Y" ⮫쪮 ᫨  
   ࠢ  묨 뢠 ,  ⨢ 砥 -
"N".
                            .
     ࠭ ࠦ ਡୠ   . 
࡫⮢ ᫥-ࠢ :
         1. ⥬ 㬥⠫쭮 ᠤ (ILS).
         2. 稪 ᪮.
         3. 㤮   ࠤ直 (RDF).
         4. ⮬.
         5.  ᪮  (ROC).
  RDF -  让 ࡫  業 .  ࠦ ᨬ
ᠬ.  㪠뢠 ࠢ  ᠬ. ஢ 㪠⥫ 
ࠢ   ࠤ . RDF -  ᠬ 室
樮 ⥬.   ६  ᠬ 易   
ࠤ类.  猪,  ஬    稫 ᠬ,
ࠦ ᢥ ⨪  㦭 ࡫ RDF. ᫨  
   ,   ࠧ ᠬ ⠪, ⮡ 
猪 ᮢ  "12 ᠬ"  ࡫ RDF.
  稪 ᪮ 室 ࠢ  RDF.  ५ 㪠뢠  
 ⮢,     ⮢.
   ROC -   ᪮ 쥬.   ⨪
᪮ ᠬ   1000 ⮢/.  ५  ,
ᠬ    .
   POWER - "魮" -  ஢.  ⥫
⠥  㢥祭 POWER,   让  .
  FUEL - "⮯" - 稥 ⮯  .
  FLAPS - "뫪" - 뢠 㣮 뤢 뫪.
  GEAR - "" -   ﭨ,  ࠭  梥; 
  襭 -  梥.
  BCN,RGE,BRG    - ଠ  ,  ஬ ਢ易   
ᠬ. BCN - 뢭 猪, RGE - ﭨ  猪  . BRG - 
 ࠤ ⥫쭮 猪. ILS -⥬ 㬥⠫쭮 ᠤ. 
⥬   ᠬ  த஬. , ࠧ  砫
 砥 ᨣ,  ண   ࠭ ILS,  ᢥ饥
⭮.  ᠬ ਡ  த஬  ࠢ쭮 , ᢥ饥
⭮ 㤥  業 ࠭.
  Ra - ࠤ⮬,   ⥬ ILS. ᨣ, ࠦ 
,        ᠬ.   .
  : ਬ  ᠤ.

                          .
  ࠢ -ࠢ--    -  5, 6, 7, 8.
ࠢ ਧ⠫ 㫥 - Z -  , X -ࠢ.  
ࠢ ᠬ    .
   ⥫:  - 襭,  - .
  뫪: F - 㢥祭 室 뫪; D -  뫪.
   ࠭묨 뫪 ᪮ 뢠 ᠬ - 80 㧫,  襭묨
뫪 - 60 㧫. 祭 室 뫪  让 ᪮
  ਢ  ࠧ襭 쥢.
  :    襩 G.   ᪠   让
᪮, ..     ࢠ.
  "直": - ⮡   㣮 ,   . 
 㤥 ঠ  ,  ,  ஬ ਢ易 ᠬ.
  :   ,    ࠭ ࠦ 樮 ,
  ࠦ  த஬:  㭠த ய, MAIM  
쪨 㡭 த஬ CLUB. MAIN       
⮬ ᠤ    讣 ᠬ ᫮. CLUB - 
쪨  த஬    800 म.
   ࠦ ⠪  类  ࠧ  ꥪ⮢.
  ய   猪,  ᯮ  ﭨ 
  砫    ,  뢭 ME  MW.      猪:
, , .

                                .
   㤭    室  த஬  ᠤ.  筮
让    ᯥਬ஢  ࣠ ࠢ, 
᪮  ࠢ ,    樨. ᫨   
ᮢ ᠤ,    ᠬ  ࠢ    
த஬  ࠢ 㣫 ᠤ.  㤭    ॡ
 ᨫ  ७஢,   ᮢ ᠤ ࠢ쭮.





                                 -36-
                            STAR RAIDERS 2.
                   " ३- 2" ATARI  1987.
                   ᯥ 廊 . . ਩᪠ 
   STAR RAIDERS 2, ࠧࠡ⠭ ମ ATARI, ࣠筮 쥤  ᥡ
᪮쪮 ஢ ஢.  ⮩     ᥡ,  ⥣ 
஢ 権 ⨢ 墠稪,  㣮  ⥬, ⠪ 
   ᬨ᪮ ࠡ  墠⪠  ᪠ࠬ ࠡ
墠稪.
   ⢨    ⮬ ᬮ    ⥬: -
襩 'CELOS'   ࠦ᪮ 'PROCYON',⠪   孮ﬨ ,  
 ᠤ ࠦ᪨ ࠡ.  襩  ⥬ 
業ࠫ쭮 ᢥ⨫    ,     ⭨.
   ⭨ ᥫ  ᭮ ᥫ ᪮業஢ 
த. ⮦ த   楫 墠稪.
 襩  ⥬ ⠪ 室 ᪮쪮 ᬨ᪨ ⠭権, 
 ६  ࠡ, ࠢ  稬  ਯᠬ.

                                .
   ਫ  ᢮  ⥬,  ࠡ    
,   ६  ᪠ࠬ.  ⠢ ᪠ 室 ᪮쪮
䫠஢ (  ᫮  ),    ३  
䫠᪨ ࠡ.
     㦥    ᡨ ⢥ ,
 䫠  ࠧ   ஥, ⠪  ⭮  㤥
砫 祭 'મ'.  㭨⮦  䫠஢  ᪠ ⨢
㯠 ।    ३஢.   祭 譮 㦨 
  ࠦ   ᪮쪨 ﬨ .  㦨 
襬 ࠡ ந室 ⮬᪨,  ⮫쪮    ३
 䫠᪨ ࠡ.  ᬨ᪨  -   ,  祣
।祭 ३ (  祭 ७), ᭮  楫 -
㭨⮦ த   .
  ᪨ ࠡ ࠧ 譥 㦥 祬 ३,  ᭮ 
    . ࠢ,  㭨⮦ 䫠  㤥 ᫥
 㬬 窮,  ᭮  楫 -   த  .
  ࠦ᪨ ᪠ ⠪  ⠪ ⠭樨. ᫨ ࠣ ६ 
⮣  ,  ⠭樨   㭨⮦   ⠭  . 
 ஢ ,      ⠭樨,     
  㤮,    ᮪ ஢    
 䮩.
  ⮦ ࠦ᪨ ᪠,   , ⠪  
ࠦ᪮  ⥬         ᯥ樨.
⮡ ঠ    ࠣ, 㦭 㭨⮦  . 
ࠣ 室      ⥬. ⮦ 
⨢  ⪨  ⮬ .  祭 ⥬
⠭    孮  室  
"W".   ୮ ࠭  楫  ⠭. 
ਡ     ᪮ 㦭 뢥  ࠦ 
楫   ''.   室  㭨⮦  
⨢, ..   ࠭祭  .   ਤ 
 ⠭   .

                               .
  ᫥ 㧪 ணࠬ ।   ⨯ ⨪  ஢
஢  '1'  '3'. ᫥  'S. SHIFT'  㯠
।⢥  .
  ᫥ ᪠   ࠡ 室     ᢮ 
⥬.  ࠧ  㤥 ⠪ ࠦ᪨ 䫠ࠬ.   
ࠧ稪 ࠣ,   ᭮  த   ।⠢.
⮬   ࠧ ⫥  ,  'SPACE', ࠢ  
⥬   ''. ,   ᯮ ⠭, 
⥫쭮 ᬮ 室饥  ࠭ 襣 ᯫ ࠦ.

                                .
   ࠭  ᫮ ࠧ   ,  孥, 襩 
, ᯮ ਡୠ ᪠ 襣 ࠡ.   室 ᪮쪮
஢, 뢠 ﭨ  ⥬.
    孥  ᯮ  ࣨ,   ⮣
 ᯮ  鸞 אַ㣮 ⮪ -  稪 ⮬
,   襬 ᯮ殮.  ⮣ 稪 室 
, 뢠,  㦨   ६  ⢮.
   業 ਡ୮ ᪨ 室 ࠭ ࠤ,  
ਥ஢  ᫮ ⠭ . ᫨   '', 
ࠦ   ᬥ ࠦ 襣 ࠡ,  ஬ ᫮묨
⪠  㪠 ⥬, ࠤ訥  ࠦ᪮ . ᫨ 
ࠡ  ࠭ ࠤ ᥭ 窠,    祭 ⭮
,  ,   ஡  ࠦ᪨ ࠡ 窨 
 .
    ஭ ࠭ ࠤ 室  ⨪ 誠 뢠騥
⥬ ஢,  ᯮ 稪 窮 ࠡ⠭ .
  ⠫쭠 ଠ  ਡ୮ ᪥   让 ᫮ 㧪.
   ਡ୮ ᪨ ᯮ ࠭ 襣 ࠡ,  ஬ 
뢠 ⠭  .  ࠭  ਡ୮  室
ଠ樮 ப,    室    ᮮ饭 
ࠧ ⢨ ࠣ   ᪮ ஢ ࣨ  襬 ࠡ.
  ᫨  ६    'SPACE',   ࠭ ࠡ 㤥
஥஢   ⥬,  ன  室.  ⮬ 
࠭ paᯮ ଠ  ,    ࠢ 㪠⥫
௥室   ன  室.

                                .
  ࠢ ࠡ -  祭 ᫮  ⢫  
࠭ ⨪.    孮   窨
⨪  -  ॣ㫨 ᪮ 襣 ࠡ.
   'S' 㦨  /몫 ⭮ .
   'W' 㦨  ४祭 ५ ஬  ⠭ 
⭮.  ,  㦨 ᯮ, 㪠뢠 ᮮ⢥騩 .
   '' 㦨  ४祭 ࠭ ࠤ  ஢
ﭨ ⥬ ࠡ.  ୮ ⨨ 砥 ࠤ.
   '' 㦨  ६ ⠭ .
   '. SHIFT' 稢   뢮  ࠭ ⠢.
   ௥室 室 뢥  ࠭   ⥬, 
ன  室, , 㫨 ⨪, 㦭 ⠭ 㪠⥫
௥-





                                 -37-
   ꥪ  ⮩ ⥬. ᫨ ᫥ ⮣  '',  室
 '',  室 㤥 ᤥ 㤠, 㤠  㪠.
  ५    ⥬,  ⢨, ।⥫쭮
⠭ 㪠⥫ ௥室   ᨬ쭮 ࠦ  㣫  
  ''.

                               .
  ࣨ 室  ঠ ⭮   ६ ५ 襣
ࠡ ࠦ᪨   ६ ௥室.   室 
ࣨ ࠡ .
   ᪮쪮 ᮢ⮢,     . ࠩ 
 ᠤ ࠦ᪮ ᪠    襩 ⥬, ⠪  ࠧ
᫥ ⮣ ३  㭨⮦ த,   ᡨ ३ 
⮩ ⥫쭮 ᫮.
   ࠩ  㭨⮦ ᪠  ᬮ. 筮 㭨⮦
 ३. ᪨ ࠡ,   ⢥,  ।⠢
쥧 ஧,  墠⪠  ⠪  ࠡ ᫥   ३ࠬ,
  襬 ࠡ  ࣨ,   ப.
     ⠭ ࠦ᪮ ᪠,  ࠦ  
稭    㦭 ᯥ    .  ᫨   
  , ਬ 㭨⮦ ᠤ   ࠣ, 
ࠧ  ࠣ, 訬  ⠭,  ⫮. ஥ ६
⠭  தঠ ᠬ, , ᫥ ,   
᮪ ஢   ६ ⥫쭮 ᮪頥,   ⠭権 ⠬
 ( 쥬 ஢ - ᥣ  ⠭).   ᪮ 
ᮢ㥬.
   ⮩   멤 ⥫, ᫨ 㭨⮦   -⨢
  ᪠ ࠦ᪨ ࠡ,   ⮬      
 த    . ᫨  ࠣ 㭨⮦   த, 
 㤥 ࠦ. ⢥,  㤥 ⠭ ࠦ, ᫨ ࠣ
ᬮ ᡨ  ࠡ.      㤥 ந室  ᥣ,
 ७஢    ,  ⠭ 쥧 ९⢨
  ᬨ᪨ ஢.


                                 THE TRAIN
                                 ("")
                               Accolade  1988.

                            ᯥ 廊 . .
                                ਩᪠ 
  The Train ।⠢ ᮡ 祭 ਣ ணࠬ .  ⮩
  㤥 ।  ᢮ ᨫ  ⢥ 設 ࠢ.
஬ ⮣,     㣨 ஢ ஢,  ⮬ ᫥ 
⥣᪨ .

                                .
  ।⠢ ᥡ,   室  業ࠫ쭮  ࠭樨  1944 .
᪠  ᠤ   ०     ᪠
ଠ.     冷 ᮯ⨢,  襬  
 ⡨  ⠭樨 METZ (. ) ஭  ஢   ᪠
.
   襣 㬥 ७஢  ᫮ ⠭  ᯥ 
।.  㦭 ᯫ஢   ஭  
ண ࠭樨.   ਤ 뢠 १ ⠭樨  ஦
, 墠祭 ⠬.  㦭 ⡨  ࠣ.    ஭
 ᢥ  ᠬ -   ਤ   ⡨.
  ஬ ᥣ ⮣,   ॡ ⮥ 㬥 ࠢ 
⠪ ᫮ 設  ஢.  ஬ ᭮⥩, ॣ 
 ,  ந 訥 ⭮ 易  㬥
ࠢ  ࣠ ࠢ   ஢.    
뢠 ⫠ , , ஭ ⠭ - 墠⪨ 
, ᫨  ࠢ쭮 ⠥       㣮
 .  ஢ ⠪     ମ,    ⮬
.

                              .
  ᫥ ᪠ ணࠬ ।  ⨪  ࠧ ᫥ ⮣ 
㯨 ।⢥  .
   砫   室  㫥⮬    ஢. 
 - ਪ ᢮ 魨  ,  ࠢ  ५,
⮡ ॢ .  㦭 㭨⮦ 檨 ᮫, ᨫ 
     ᯮ .  ஭ 
 ࠭祭   ४  ᪠   ५
묨 ।ﬨ.
   ⮫쪮     ᥬ,  㤥 ।  ,
 ஬  ஭.  롨ࠥ    ࠢ
 ⨪. ⥬ 㦭 ਪ 饭 襣 魨.  ⮫쪮
   ஢,  ⮬᪨ 뢠  ࠡ祬 
設  㯠  ᭮  .

                                    .
  ।  ᯮ ᪮쪮 ਡ஢  ࣠ ࠢ ஢.
 ਡ 뢠: ᪮ ஢ (),   (PSI),
 ⥬ (TEMP)  ஢  (WATER).
   ࣠ ࠢ ⭮: ମ (BREAKE), 砣 ॢ (FORWARD/
REVERSE LEVER), ᫮   (STEAM BLOWOFF),  ॣ㫨஢
 (THROTTLE), ஬ ⮣ ।    室 誠 ⮯
 窠 ᢨ⪠.

                                 .
  ࠢ ந   ⨪    
.
    ஢   ६   ⨪ ५,
㪠뢠  - ࣠ ࠢ,   ⨪  
㫨஢ .
  ⮡  ⥬   , 室   ⮯
  㤠 㣮 (㪮⪠ ⨪ ࠢ).  
஭ ॣ㫨 砣 ࠢ    ମ. 
  ﭥ  ᥡ 砣 ॣ㫨஢ , ⥬   㤥
㯠  樫  ⥬ ॥ 㤥  ஭.  ⠭
㦭 ४ 㯫   樫, ⮫ 砣  㯮  ᥡ 
ମ,  㪮 ମ. ਢ ମ  ⢨ 
⪮६묨 ᠬ  2-3 ᥪ㭤,    멤  .
 ⮩ ᫮ 稭     ⫠ , ⮡ 㤥ঠ
  ଥ 室 ࠢ    ᫮ (STEAM BLOVOFF).
    ஢   ३     㫥⮢,
ᯮ ᯥ।  ᧠ ஭.
   室  ࠦ ⠪ 檨 ᠬ⮢. ४祭
⢫ ⨥  '1'  '2';    - '3'.  
ࠦ᪮ 樨  நନ .     ᮮ饭, ᫨
  㤥 ॢ   㤥 ᫨誮 . 
நନ    ⮬ 砥,   㣫    室
 .
  稢 ' ﭨ'    '5',  㧭




                                 -38-
 ﭨ ࠧ ⥬ ஭,  ⠡  㧭 
業⭮  ମ, ⫠, ஭,  ⠪  ⢥ ⠢襣
㣫. 室  ⠡ - ⨥  '5'.
     '4'  뢥  ࠭   ஦
⥩  ࠭樨,  ன  ⬥祭  ⠭樨, , ࠧ
 ⠪ 㪠  襣 ஭.  ⮩   㧭 
ਡ ஭  ⠭樨  ,  ⠪ ᯫ 쭥訩
 ⠢  ⨬쭮 .
  㣨  :
    'SPACE'-㧠,
    'R'-室  .
    'S'-/ 㪠.

                                 (BRIDGE).
   , 墠祭   鸞 ᮯ⨢ ( 祬
ᢨ⥫   梥  ),    ⠭.
  ⮫쪮 ⠥ ஥ १ ,  ஫
栬,  ⠭,  㤥  㭨⮦.
  ⮬  室   室  ᪮  㬠 ,
 ﭨ   ᮪  ,  祬  நନ
,  ⠭ ஭.     ⮬᪨
  㤨 譥   㤥 ५ 檨 
㤠,  ⮦  ⢥ .  ⮫쪮  㤠  ⮯,
 ⠭ ᢮    .

                              ⠭ (STATION).
   ⠭, 墠祭 ࠣ,   ⠭,  ᫥
ᮡ  ॣ  ।  室 ࠢ   
㧨 㣮.   ᤥ  ⡨  ࠣ ⠭.  墠
⠭樨 㦭 ⢮ 筮   ⮬. ᫥ ⠭ 
   㫥稪    -  ᮯ⨢ 楢.
᫥ 墠 ⠭樨  ।   ᢮ ଠ᪮
.
   
    '',  㢨  ᫥饥  :
       - 墠 ᫥饩 ⠭樨;
       - 墠 ᫥騩 ;
       - ᤥ ६;
       - 祣  .
    ࠢ ᮮ⢥饥 ᫠    ⢥,
 ஬ 㤥 㪠,   ६ ந  ᮡ⨥ (⥪饥
஢ ६ 㪠뢠  ࡫  㣫 ࠭).
  ᫥ ⮣   த .

                        ४⮪ (SWITCH).
    㣨   ⮫쪮   ⠭ ஭ 
ࠧ   砣 ॢ.
                                   !
   ண 砣   ⠭ ஭.
     㤥 祭 㤭 ࠢ  ࠢ ஭,
 ७஢ ஥ ६,  ਮ    
ᯥ客  ⮩ 筮 ୮ .


                                 DEATH WISH 3
                             ("  -3")
                           Gremlin Graphics 1988 .
                      ᯥ ஥஢ . . , . .
  ଠ GREMLIN GRAPHICS ⨫ ᢮ ணࠬ  뭮 ᫥ 
 ⥩ ਨ ᥬ୮ ⭮ 䨫쬠 " ᬥ",
 ஫  ஬ ࠥ 祭 ᨬ   
㦥⢥ ૨ ஭ᮭ.
  ,     ⨬ ਠ, । ,  -
 ணࠬ DEATH WISH 1  DEATH WISH 2,   ᮦ   ⠪.
 "" ணࠬ 稫  쥩 ਨ 䨫쬠.
  ⪮ ᮤঠ ⨭.
  ஬,   ⠫⫨ ⥪, ࠣ 类 ᨫ, ஦騬
㪠   㦨  ࢮ ਨ ⨭,  吝 
㡨    寧 ࠢ . 멤     㫨
த,  稭 ᢮     ᥬ,    
ᯮ . ⥯   ⢨ 稭 
ᨮ. ஫ ४ ஢,  ⠥  ᢮, ᪮
,  , ᬮ ᪢     -  类
砥 ࠡ  ⠭       .
   쥩 ਨ ⨭  㦥 ᤥ ᪮쪮 ᯥ ⮪
"易",  ⥫⢠ -० 㦤  ᭮  ᭮ 
 㦨.   㦥 让 ᨮ    ᥩ ࠭
஧饬 "⥫". ᪮쪮 ࠧ襭  ᭮ ⠫  
饭 த  ࠢ塞  - ⨦ 쥩,   ᫥
ਨ ⨭.
   ⭮   ACTION,  ᪮  室  室
ᮡ 㦨,    ந쭮 롮 ,
᫥⥫쭮     ARCADE/ADVENTURE.
  :    ᢮ த  ⮢,   ᮡ
    த. 㦥  ࠨ 窨  樥, 
६  ஫ ஢  ⥫.   ⢥  
  冷  த,  ⠪   ᢮  ᨬ, 
⫨稥  樨,  易   ⠢,  
⢮  ⥫쭮  ᬥ.
  ᫥ 㧪 ணࠬ  "BREAK",  㢨 襣  
 ⮢ -  ⨢,   ࠢ.   稭 . 
  ࠭ 뢮:
    - ࠭  㦨  ;
    - ଠ樮 ⠡,  ਡ⥫쭮 㪠뢠 ⮭宦
      ३  (   室    ࠩ த:
      NORTH - WEST, NORTH - EAST, SOUTH - WEST, SOUTH - EAST, CENTRAL);
    - ﭨ ஭ (०  ५,   
      );
    -  ⪠ த 뢠  ⮯ ( 㪠
      ࠢ: ᥢ, , , ⮪, ᨭ 梥  -  ஥
        㦨,  -  ३ );
    - SCORE   - ࠡ⠭ 
    - HI SCORE - 訩 १ । ;
    - INJURY - ﭨ 襣 ஢ (᫨   ,
        ஬   堩     ᪠ 
      祧).
  ⠪ 稭 .  㫨       ,
㦥 ⮢  㡨.   ६ -   㡨
 .   ஡ 楩᪨  ५  ⠬,  
    뢠   ⮫쪮  ᢮ ᨫ.
  㦨,   :
    - ⮫;
    - ⮬;
    - ࠡ;
    - ஭.
  㦨  ஭ 室  ࠧ  த -  , 㤠 
      ᬥ 襤訩   ஭.
   㦨 ந  ⨥  "". ⨥   ""
     ३ . ୮ ⨥ ""  
㦨, ਯ,஭. 㧠 -  "".
    ⠪ 室  .  室   㦨 
ENTER.    ,   ५.  ५ 
 㡨,  ५ ⮣,  믠 ⮫,    ᨤ, ⠢
 讥 㤮⢨.
  ࠩ ⥫쭮 ५    ࠦ -   
,  ᠬ 讥 㯫,    ᮢ - 㡨⢮
楩᪮.   ᫥ ᮫來   窠  室
ᯠ  ⮫쪮  ⮢    樨,   㦥 .





                                     -39-

                                    

                               ஡ ELITE.
   -० 砥 ⭨ ᥬ  ணࠬ ELITE,  ᥩ
ଠ, ᮤঠ    ࠢ .  ⥬ 
᭮  ⥫:
         1. 稭 墠 ࠡ  ᪨ ⠭. 祭 
              ⮬ . ᫥ ਧ ᮮ,  
            ࠡ 墠祭 ⠬    ⭮. 
            室 稭  ᭠砫.  ⢥ ⭮ 
            ਢ ᮮ饭 宬஢ . .  娭 . .  .
            ୮᪠ ()  ⮬,  ⠪  ᥡ ⠭  
            LAZASO  ⨪ N5.
         2. -०  ᮮ饭  㤠⢠  ᨨ, 
            .   ⨪ N47  ⨪ N 1  
            LAVE  㦨⥫ 㬬 ।   
            㦥 -  襬  ,      ।
            ,       .
         3. ᫥ ⮣,    10-  諮  㡫
            ࠦ  㬥஢ ࠡ (  
            !)  砫    . 饭  
             ࠢ    ࠪ,   ⪠ ᥬ
            ᮮ頥    .  ࠡ  ࠧ஢,
            ଥ, 宦  ந, 訩  ᥡ "३" 
            "-".     , ⨢ ॡ⥫,
            ࠥ   . ᫨  ࠧ, 뢠 ⥩.
             ⢮ ⠪ 㬥஢ ࠡ 
             ⠭ 筮.   뢠 ⪨
               ⥬  ᫮.    , ⮡
             "ᬨ᪮ ମ". ᫮   
            STRANGER ("࠭").
            㭮   쬠 . 蠪 (. ) - . . 1.

                  [ ᬮ pics/pic(1-2)-EL1.gif ]

                                  1

         4.  ࠧ⥭   浪 ⮯  . 
                 ਢ ஡. 90% 
             뢠,  10%   ᤥ ⮣ .  
            ॣॢ ࠡ   祭  "Fuel scoops
            on"   ⥬  ,   鸞 .
    ⮨    堩 . . (. ⮢) ,
 ,  "COBRA  III"  ॣ   
⮬  ࠧ,    ਥ஢  . ࠡ,
 ᪮, ॢ ࠧ ᨫ쭥, 祬 ࠡ, ࠧ
楬.
  ⮡ ⥫쭮   ,    ⮫쪮 ,  
ࠢ     ᮮ  ⮬,  ᨥ   .
  ᭨,        .
   ᫥ ᪥ (11-12) 諮   ᮮ騫  ⮬,  
砫 ᫥ 102-⭮  ﭨ,  㦠,
  ࠭ ணࠬ  .   . .  . 稪
   ࠭ ⠭ ⠬.
         15 -  ३⨭,
         16...18 - 믮 ᨨ,
         41 - 㧮ꥬ (⮭).
         61... 66 - ᯮ   ⨪.
         67 - ?
         68 - न Y ࠡ.
         69 - ?
         70 - न X ࠡ.
  ᭮ ᫥ ஢   ELITE  . ਭ࣠ .
ᮢ.
  -,  ਭ㤨 ᢮  ணࠬ ࠡ  ⨪, 
  祭  ⥫:
          29648, 191:
          29649, 226:
          29058,   0:
          29659,   0
(  , 祭  '୮).
  -,  稫 設  ணࠬ   㤠 ⠭
- ᭮.  , ணࠬ   ᥡ ᮡ⢥
 窮.   256 窮  뤠 ᮮ饭 RIGHT ON COMMANDER.
     業   ⨢  㭨⮦ ࠡ:
  THARGON - 4 .
  FER-DE-LANCE  - 3 .
  ASP  II  - 3 .
  PYTHON,  ADDER-2,   COBRA MK  III, SIDEWINDER   "襫쭨" -  1 .
  ⥩, ந  VIPER -   窮.
  ⠭ ᮮ⢥⢨   ࠭  㬬   訬
 ३⨭:

                

         HARMLESS        0
         MOSTLY HARMLESS 9
         POOR           17
         AVERAGE        33
         ABOVE AVERAGE  65
         COMPETENT     129
         DANGEROUS     758
         DEADLY       2816
         ELITE        6656
  ,  ⢥ ⥬ ⥫,  㬥 祬  
⠭ 騢 ३⨭  ᫥ ⨦ COMPETENT.
  ᫥  ⨪,  ⥫ 㦨   . 
 । ࠭,   , 砥   OVER 1.
 㤠    ⢮  ᯮ.

                    
             2           DIMAATMA-ZAXEKICE
             4           QUZAARAR-RIUSBEQU
             5           EDXEBERE-GED1ESQU
                         LAZAZO - ZAENZA
                         TEZABI - DIVEES
                         ORLAED - TETIRI
             7           DICELASO - ZAANXEGE
                         ERVEAN  - S0INSOAN
             8           CECEES    - ESUSALE
   
 㤠.

          ⮣   訩 孮᪨ ࠧ .
  ⥫ 1991  ,   N 10 ZX-PEB  । ⠬ 
"ELITE" ⠢   ⨪   孮᪨ ࠧ⮣
  20 㭪⮢. 㬬 孮᪨ ஢    
ᨬ쭮.     ⮣    ⥫.
  ᥣ   㯨  30 ⮢.  ࠢ, ,
᫠訥 ,  ३⨭ "DEADLY"  "ELITE".     㤨⥫쭮,
⭮, ⮡ 稭騩  ᬮ  ᥬ ⨪  
   ⮩ 窨 ७ .





                                     -40-
   , 㤠  ᪠ ᮯ⢮ ⥬,  㤠筮 । 
롮 ⨪  ப ᢮ .  ப 뫨
।⠢ ⨪ N1, 2, 3, 7, 8    । १  
⨪:
         N1 - 198
         N2 - 219
         N3 - 206
         N7 - 240
         N8 - 219
   祣 㤨⥫쭮,   ,  ࠫ  ᫥
⨪ N7    먣譮 .
    5 ⮢-⥫ (  ஫  ᥤ쬮 ⨪).
         1. : 祭 .  ਯ᪨: .  客 (ᮭ᪮
            ).  ३⨭: "ELITE"  ⠦: 2,5 .

  :

  BIONBIIN - MARAUS - CERIANON - ENARINES - ESTIRI - ONANORRA - XEUSREOR -
  MARARERE - ZARAUSXE - AGEBI - ESZAUSVE - ANGERIRI  -QUGEZA - ESDITI
  DIUSACE  - ESRIXEAR - TIREGEES - ORESATRA - QUDIOK - ATESLETE.
  㬬 孮᪨ ஢   251 .

         2. :  . .
             ਯ᪨: ⮪
             ३⨭: not supplied
             ⠦: not supplied
  :

  BIONBIIN - MARAUS - CERIANON - ENARINES - ESTIRI - ONANORRA - XEUSREOR
  MARARERE - ZARAUSXE - XEVEXEAN - AGEBI - ESZAUSVE - QULAAON - ANGERIRI
  QUGEZA - ESDITI - AEDEDLE - DIUSACE - TIREGEES - ESRIXEAR
  㬬 孮᪨ ஢  - 248 .

         3. :  ᪨ . .
             ਯ᪨: 
             ३⨭: not supplied
             ⠦: not supplied

  :

  BIOHBIIN - MARAUS - CERIANON - EMAEINES - ESTIRI - ONANORRA - XEUSREOR
  MARARERE - USQUEN - ZARAUSXE - AGEBI - ESZAUSVE  -ANGERIRI - QULAAON
  ISARE - ESDITI - DIUSACE - AEDEDLE - ESRIXEAR  - TIREGEES
  㬬 孮᪨ ஢  - 248 .

         4. : ⭨ . .
             ਯ᪨: . ., 檮 .
             ३⨭: not  supplied
             ⠦: 3,5 
  :

  BIONBIIN - MARAUS - CERIANON - ENARINES - ONANORRA - XEUSREOR - MARARERE
  USQUEN - ZARAUSXE - AGEBI - ISARE - QULAAON - ESZAUSVE - ANGERIRI - QUGEZA
  ESDITI - DIUSACE - AEDEDLE - ESRIXEAR - TIREGEES
  㬬 孮᪨ ஢  - 246 .

         5. : 楢 . .
             ਯ᪨: . ., ᪮ .

  :

  TEABI - ERENRA - XEGEARER - BIONBIIN - MARAUS - CERIAHON - ENARISES
  ESTIRI - ONANORRA - XEUSREOR - MARARERE - USQUEN - ZARAUSXE - ISENES
  ISARE - QUGEZA - QULAAON - AGEBI - ANGERIRI - ESZAUSVE
  㬬 孮᪨ ஢  - 242 .

     㡥,   ⥫    㭪⮢.
 ࠧ,  ,   孮᪨ ࠧ  
ணࠬ ELITE ⠭  筮 筮.
   ᮮ⢥⢨  ᫮ﬨ 襣    ᫠  
⠬ 믨᪨  ୠ,   㪠  ⮢
楫ᮮࠧ 㯠    ,  ,   ⠭:
  ⨢ 100 , ⭨  29 ࠧ ணᮢ 
ਮ⥭ ஢  19 ࠧ -  . 稥 ⮢ 㯠  ᢮
䥪⨢. 뢮 祭 :    - ᢠ .
     騥 ᫥⢨. ⥫  뫠
ப  "THE DARK WHEEL", ᠭ  ⨢ ணࠬ "ELITE".

                            ।:
   । ஫  ᪮ . ᫮  . 
 ⨪  20 ,  뢠     
 ஢ ᭮ ⮣ .  ᫮,  
   5 ,  䥮 - 4 ,  
  - 1 .
  筮 ⠪ ,     ࠧ, ᨬ ᫠ 믨  ୠ,
 ன 㪠,  ⮢  楫ᮮࠧ 㯠   
祪 襣 , ⮡   । 㭪 ᨬ ਡ. 
  ᢨ⥫⢮ ⮣,   ⢨⥫쭮 ஫⥫  ,
  﫨   ᥣ᪮ ࠢ筨.
  ஬ ⮣, ᭮ 㧭,   祬     ᠬ 
㣮 ᥫ.  ࠢ  㤭  ࠢ  ⮩, 
뫠 ⠢   ࠧ.  ,      
ॣ ᪨ 䫮⨫,    業   㤥
ᨬ쭮. 稭騬 ⠬  㤥 뤠 ४樨  ⮬, 
 ࠩ   ᫥ 뢠,   栬 ᮪ 
㤥 ᭮,      ᢮ ३⨭.
   㬥⠫쭮  ⮢   ᮮ ᢮  ३⨭
 ⠦ ⮢. 㤥 ⭮ ⠪   ⢥ ঠ 
  ६ 宦 .
  ਧ   - 5 ப  "DARK WHEEL"  㡫 ⮢ 
᪮ / ᪮ ᪥.
   ਭ  1.05.92   ⮢ ⥬  ࠢ.

                                    POKES
                                    -----
  . ᮢ,  ⮫쪮   ᢮ १⠬ ᫥
ELITE ⨢ ᫥  㣨 ணࠬ.  ᯨ᮪  POKES,
  㤠 ᪠ ᠬ⥫쭮:
         TUTAHKHAMUN       27783,
         MOTOS             42241,0
         LODERUHHER        35427,24: 35426,0
         DOWN TO EARTH     40142,195
         SAHXION           36584,0
         KNIGHT LORE       53567,0: 50205,0: 50206,0: 50207,0:
         SPELLBOUND        27038,N ( 砫)
         BATTY             48437,167
         CHRONOS           53407,N
         BOULDER  4        30960,N
         COMAHDO           27652-27657,0
         BOULDER  1        31007,0: 31008,0:31009,0
         METAL ARMY        48535,0: 48559,0 (ࣨ)
                           42198,0: 48700,107 ()
         KRAKOUT           46565,0: 61534,0
         N. . . A. D.    40167,0
         RENEGADE          41047,36
         ACADEMY           31378,N: 31386,N: 31249,N: 31305,N
                           (N-᭠⪠ ࠡ)
         EQUIHOX           41914,0
         HYSTERIA          44588,201
         L. NINJA 2        36579,175: 36578,0
         GUMFRIGHT         49233,54: 49234, 1: 49235,0: 49236,0





                                     -41-
         ASTEMEX           43516,0
         AIR FORCE II      51904,0
         CYBERNOID         39402,0
         CYBERNOID II      36197,0
         FRED              31171,0
         IMPACT            54500,183
   ᫮  ⮬,     POKES  ਬ ணࠬ H.O.M.A.D
  ,   ணࠬ  室 ﭨ ப  3 ⪨, 
⥫ ।,  -  祩 ,  ன ࠭ 
᫮.  ⠪ ।,  뫠  㤠  砫 ࠡ
ணࠬ १ ॣ . , 筮  ⢥ ᯮᮡ 뫪 ᫠
 ,   筮 㤮  ப ࠭.
  ᬮॢ   ᥬ ணࠬ,  ࠧ ᨫ  ,
  ࠭ 䨪, ࠩ, ⥪  . ., ।稢 
設 . (  ᥣ  ᪮쪮  ਪ   
ணࠬ 室, "" ᠫ  2- ⮬ ⮬ 
ணࠬ஢  設 .)
    ᬮ  뤥   ஡ ᫥
  ᥣ  ᪮쪮 .  ⮩    
LD ,3.
      ᪮쪮 . ᫨ ⠪ 祪 ᪮쪮,  
㤥  ,   ᫥騬 ࠧ.
  ᬮਬ ࠣ ணࠬ:
         LD ,3
         LD (34586),
         LD (34480),
         LD HL, 27304
         LD (34584),HL
  ⠪,  ७,   祩 34586  34480 ࣠
६,  ன ࠭ ⢮ ⮪.
   ஢ਬ 祩 34586.
    ᪮ ⥩     㯮
   ᬮਬ,  ⠬ ᠭ. 筮  룫廊 ⠪:
         LD A,(34586)
         DEC A
         LD (34586),
   DEC  㬥 祭    , - ४
  ,   饬.  ᫥   ⢮ ⮪
㬥蠥  .
  ஢ਬ .  DEC A    NOP ( 樨 -   = 0). 
⨬ ணࠬ ᫥ ।. ᫨    ࠢ쭮.  ன
⥯ ᬥ⥭.
      ஫  . 쬥 ணࠬ SABOTAGE. ன
 ஢ 㤠 ⠭ ஫ ண ( ணࠬ 뤠 ᠬ)
"BUMBLE BEE 2".
      ணࠬ,  ࠭  ࠧ.   
짮 ,  ᤥ   .
   㪢 "" ࠢ 66,   㪢 "U" - ࠢ 85.
         10 FOR I=25000  65535:
             IF PEEK I = 66 AND  (I+1) = 85
            THEN  PRINT I
         20 NEXT I
   㤥    ணࠬ,  ஬  ᮮ饭 "BU... ",
 뤠   . ஢ 騥  -   
 ⮦ - ᭮.  㤠 ⠭ ஫  ஢:
         2) BUMBLE BEE 2.
         3) HONORARIUM.
         4) PHENOMENON.
         5) ONOMASTICS.
         6) SALMAGUNDI.
         7) PSEUDONIMOUS.
         8) ONOMATOPEDIA.
   ਬ . ᮢ   ଠ  㦤 ⮫쪮
,   ELITE COMPETITION    ਧ .  襫
 孮᪨ ࠧ   ⨪ N1,  
 ᫥ ⨪ N7,   ᤥ ⥫.
  ,  ஫.  ⥫ 㪮 . .  . ᮫ ᪮ 祭
    ஫ 8- ஢   IMPACT.   -
㤠  ன?   ,   ஡ ᢮ ᨫ  ⮩
㢫⥫쭮 ,  ᮮ頥 ஫  ஢.
    9 ஢  10 ࠭.
         ࠭ 1 - ஫  ॡ,
         ࠭ 11 - EGGS
         ࠭ 21 - CHIP
         ࠭ 31 - LEAD
         ࠭ 41 - TICK
         ࠭ 51 - CASE
         ࠭ 61 - FACE
         ࠭ 71 - ????
         ࠭ 81 - USER  - 짮⥫᪨.
   ⥫  . ᪠,  . . ⮦ ⨢ ࠡ⠥ 
POKES,  ᮦ,  ⬥砥,   POKES  ,  뫨
㡫  10    諨,    ६, ⭮,   ࠭
室 ᫥ ᨨ     ⮩  , ⮬  , 
  諨 - POKES,  । ᯮ짮 ਫ
 ஬.
   ਫ POKES ⠢ ᫥ ᫥ LOAD"", a   USR.
         GAMEOVER1       39334,0 ()
                         32417,0 (࠭)
         HORACE AND
         SPIDERS         27680,60
         MAG-MAX         58472,60
         MUTANT MONTY    55761,60 56483,183
         CYBERNOID 1     39403,0
         VIXEN  III      41423,0
         FIREBIRDS       27235,0
         XEVIOUS         53592,N
         BLADE WARRIOR   37161,0 39490,60
         KARNOV          25620,0
         GAMEOVER  2     36704,0 ()
                         32388,0 (࠭)
         GONZZALEZZ 2    35749,0 ()
                         48056,0 (㦨)
         ASTEMEX         43517,52
         GONZZALEZZ 1    37085,0
         METAL ARMY      36897,0 ()
                         42650,0 (ࣨ)
         ACTION FORCE 2  47874,182
         KRION           45004,0 ()
                         44486,0 (祥)
         GLUG-GLUG       34139,0
         PSSST           24984,0
         ROGUE TROOPER   30924,0
         EQUINOX  (   39858,52:39859,182
         ᨨ ROBY'86)    ()
                         48691,0:48762,0
                         (祥  )
         STAINLESS STEEL 46957,60
         UNDER  WURLDE   59376,0
         RICK DANGEROUS  55480,0 ()
                         61045,0 (࠭)
                         60954,0 (஭)
         CAVELON         47250,0
         R-TYPE          30873,0
         DAN  DARE  2/1  46459,0
         VIGILANTE       48735,60
         KOKOTONI  WILF  43742,0
         PETER PACK RAT  27243,100
         PENTAGRAM       49917,0
         THANDERBLADE    33199,0
                         33145,0
         THOR            37550,195
         DAN  DARE 2/2   51797,0
         MOTOS           42241,0
         CHICAGO         60264,0
         FROST  BYTE     30992,183 ()
                         28237,183 (६)
         RUFF & REDDY    33567,0
         PROJECT FUTURE  29332,0
         JETHAN          36965,0
  ਩ "મ". ண ! , , 騥 宦 
࠭,  㦥    ࢮ묨,  ⭮. 砫 
   ⮬ १   㯠  ,  
⠢  㦥,  祬  ,  ⮫쪮 ⮬ 묨 祩 ணࠬ
㯠  ࠢ  訬 ᯥ樠⠬.





                                     -42-
  ⭮ 祭 .
  ஬ ⮣,  ࠧ POKES   ࠧ 孮  ,
 ⮦    ᥣ ࠢ쭮 믮.  楯⮢
  , ஬ : ,   ,  蠫 
 ,   ,   ,     ठ
⮬    ᨢ   .
  ᢠ 設 , 砩   ਥ ,   㦥 ᢮.
 ᮡ⢥ ਥ.  ਭ樯,  ࠭ "ZX-"  
筮 ଠ樨, ⮡ 뫮  祣 .   㢨,  ⮬ 
 "ZX-PEB-92", 㤥   ਠ  ,  ᢠ
設 .
  쪮 ᢮ 孮   ᥡ 宧鶴   ᬮ
ᯮ짮 쨬-       ஢  
᢮  ணࠬ.

******************************************************************************
                             ᮢ⨬.
                            ----------------------
   த ᬠਢ  ᮢ⨬ ⢥  
 ଥ ணࠬ ᯥ祭.  ⥫ 㦥 砫 
ࠧࠡ⪠  ⮬ ࠢ, 騬 㡠쥢 ࣥ ஢祬  .
誠-.      浪  樥 ⮢
/뢮  ᨨ  (43  "ࠤ-1")  ᯥ祭
 ᮢ⨬  ਣ.
   ᫥⥫쭮 ࠡ⪨.  ⮣ 室 ⠭ 
᢮     奬 5551  5551   믮
 奬 ᫥騥 :
         1) ⪫ ᨣ IOWR  뢮 9 DD39 (5559 -  祭
             ਭ樯쭮 奬 "ࠤ-1")  ᮡ   
            ⮢ 5551 ᫥ 奬:

              Ŀ
                                                       
                  ____   Ŀ                       
                  IOWR   1                           
                  Ĵ                            
                  A0             . 9 DD39  
                  Ĵ                            
                                                     
                                                
                                                       
                          5551                       
                                                       
              

            ᫥ ⮣    뢮 㤥 ந室 ⮫쪮 
             ᠬ,  ᪫砥 栭  ᠬந쭮
             梥 .
            讥 㯫 । ᫥騬 ࠡ⪠:
            "ࠤ-1", -, ࠧࠡ뢠  ᠬ
            ⨪  ଠ쭮-묨 ⠪⠬.  
            ࠭묨  ⨪ "Atari"-⨯,  
            ⠪ ଠ쭮 ࠧ  몠  ⪫
            㪮⪨.  ᫥ । 㤥 ࠢ 
            ᯥ祭 ᮢ⨬   .
         2)  R21...R25 ᮯ⨢ 15 , 祭  
            ⨪ DVO. .. DV4 ᮮ⢥⢥,   -0,125 
            ᮯ⨢ 浪 680 . . . 1,5 .    
            ᮥ ⪫  設 "+5V"  ᮥ   "".
         3)  室 DD37 (뢮 6,10,13) ᮥ  뢮 8 ⮩
             奬. ᫥ 믮  ࠡ⮪  ਭ樯 㦥
                業 १.  PRINT IN
            31   饭 ⨪  0,   ⪫
            㪮⪨  ⨨  - ஥ ᫮, 饥 
             ⨪.   ᫠   ⭮
             OUT    梥 , , ᫨ 
              ⨪   ⮭-⠭,   
            ᢮   ⮢ , 室 ᤥ 
             ࠡ:
         4) ᮥ ᨣ IORD, 㯠騩  뢮 3 DD14 (5551)
             뢮 15 DD37  DD38,  ᮡ ᫥ 奬 
            ⥫쭮 ࠡ⪨:

              Ŀ
                                                       
                  ____            Ŀ  15DD37,   
                  IOWR            1        15DD38    
                  Ĵ                   
                   3DD14                   
                              Ĵ                   
                     Ŀ                        
                  A0 &                      
                  Ĵ                               
                  A5          K5551             
                  Ĵ                                
                                                     
                                                
                                                       
                     K5551                           
                                                       
                                                       
              

             뢠  ⮢ 㤥 ந ⠪:
            0=  5=1  - ;
            0=0  5=0  - ;
            . .  ⠥   ⭮  .
            0=1  5=0  - ⮭--.
            0=1  5=1  - 騩 , . .     
            ᠬ,  訬,  祬 31 ᢮.
            ࠪ⨪ 뢠,   믮 ࠡ⮪ 1...3
            設⢮ ஡ 祧. ࠡ⪠ 4  
            易⥫쭮 ( ஢ ணࠬ 筮 䥪  ) 
            ਬ -, ⮡ ᯥ ᮮ⢥⢨ ⠭ ,
            -, ⮡ ᢮  ᭮ ࠭⢠, ਬ
             ⠭ "ZX-LPRINT III".

  ⢥⢥, ᫨ 室   , 奬 5551  
⠭. ⠢訥 ᢮묨  ⥫  
ᯮ짮, ਬ,  몮 䥩 "BETA-DISK".
  ᫨ ᬮ ࠡ ।  ZX-  諮  (.
157. . 7),   ,   ਭ樯     ᠬ,  
⮬   3 ⮢  31 த 뢠 ,  
ਭ樯     ਢ  襭 ᮢ⨬  
   ਢ.
   ᪮쪮 ᫮  ⬥砢襬  ࠡ ஢ ணࠬ 
"ࠤ-1" (cm.   ZX-PEB-91,   . 197). ० ᥣ, ਬ  ᨮ
᫥饥:
         ) 奬 ஥ ⠪, ⮡ ᯮ짮   13,0  14,5
            . ⮢   砥   
              4, ..  3,5     14 .
            ⮬   ஢ ,  ⮨  襩
            設.
         ) 䫨 ᯫ   ( ஬ ᠫ  ࠭ 52
            "ZX-PEB" 91  ந室    ,  ᪮ 
            "ࠤ-1" ᯫ譮   48.  ⮬ 砥 
            ਮ⠭  ᨣ WAIT, ନ㥬  ਣ
            D 9.2. 室묨  ନ஢ 㦠 㦠 ᨣ M1
              CSRAM (롮ઠ  㯠  뢮 1 ॣ
            55522). ,   奬  ४  
            (ᮮ⢥⢥   )  ᨣ CSRAM ॡ
            ᯮ짮 ᨣ MREQ. ᫥⢨ ⮣ -  ࠡ
               (     ,
            ,  室).

  ⮤ ࠭ ᫮.
         )    14,0  14,5 . ⮡  ⮬ 
            蠫 ᨭ஭ TV,    奬 祭
            稪 D4 (5557) ᮣ᭮ ᫥襩 ⠡:
          Ŀ
                뢮 D4 ᮥ :   
                  Ĵ
                       "+5"    "騩"    
          Ĵ
            13,0         10,15     1,9,14      
            13,5          10       1,9,14,15   
            14,0         1,15      10,9,14     
            14,5           1       10,9,14,15  
          
  ᫨ ᫥   㦠 ᡮ , ਤ  奬
  த騥   ந ६ ࠬ
ᨣ





                                     -43-
RAS  CAS.
         ) 襭 ன ஡ ⥪  ᠬ ஡,  ᫨
            ᫥   ନ஢⥫ MREQ  CSRAM 㦠 ᡮ ,
            ਤ    .

     砥 ४ ᫥ ஢ ࠡ⮪ 믮
⥫  ⮢ , ⮡ 㡥   ࠡ .
   । ࠡ⪨ ஢७ ஬ 筮  ࠪ⨪e.  
 ᡮ  ਬ    "ࠤ-1" ⮫쪮 
555 (1533),     531  155 - ⮣   
ॡ.
   ,  ࠡ⠥  ᭮᪨  쪮᪨ ਠ⠬ ,
祬    "ࠤ-1",  ⥫  쪮 . . 
। ᫮ ࠡ, ᯥ稢 ࠡ ⠪ ணࠬ, 
"ARKANOID","DUET"   㣨.

              Ŀ
                                                         
                                5557                   
                                                         
                             Ŀ                  
                                   14          D0    
                    A0 Ĵ1 DC  Ĵ     
                    RD Ĵ2                D1    
                  Ĵ3          Ĵ     
                  ____Ĵ4                D2    
                   IORDĴ5          Ĵ     
                       Ĵ6                       
                                                     
                                               
                                                         
                                                         
              

    6 奬  訩  , ନ㥬 奬
樨  ULA.  ⠫ ᨣ   ।⢥ 
.

                              졠  .
                              -----------------
   誮쭮   . - (⠭) ⠭ 쭠
   "㬮", ⮢  誥. ஡  ᯫ樥
ணࠬ  . ணࠬ ,     . ᫨    
ᯫ樨 , 졠 ⮧.  "મ" ᬠਢ 
ᯥ祭 ࠡ 誮,  ᠬ ਮ.
  Ŀ
             ⠪ :                 
  715420, ⠭,  ᪠ , 
  . -, . 类᪮ 2, . 21,     
  ਪ .,                                  
  
   "મ" ᯮ ᥩ 室 ଠ樥  ⮬, 
࣠   ଥ 設   䥩 쭮 
ZX-INTERFACE I.  ⭠ ⥬ , ⥬ ६, 
墠,   ᮢ襭   ,   䥩   
      .
  ਬ      ⥬.

                                SHERLOCK.
                              -----------------
  訬 ⥫ 㦥  ࠡ⪨ ᯥ ᪥ . . 
.ᨡ᪠,  㤥-䨫,  筮  ⥪⮢ 
( ADVENTURE)   ⨢   ࠡ  ணࠬ SHERLOCK. 
⮫  ஡.
    ᮭ  ⮬,    (LEATHERHEAD) ந諮 㡨⢮
 祫,  訫 ࠢ    㯫. ஡ 
⮬,    稪    .  뢠   
   ਫ   㫨栬 (Aldergate Street, Bishops Road,
BacKineham Palace  Kinss cross),    稪 㤠  
   ,
    訬 㤮⢨ ਭ    ࠧ ࠡ
᪨ 稪   ,     ᪢ ⮦ 祭 
뢠,  ⠪     㤠  㤠.  , 
   ᨡ᪥.  㣮 ஭,  ᢥ  ⮬, 
 㤠 -   ⥫, ,  -
䨫᪨ ⮭  襭 ᠦ  ⥫  .
  ஡ ਬ ⠪  室   ᪨ .  ᫮:
" 㦭  室 ᫮".  :
  멤  ,  ᯥ  ७   , 
ࠢ  9:15.  ⮣  㦭  :
         1.  HAIL CAB
         2.  CLIMB INTO CAB
         3.  SAY TO CABBY "GO TO  ..."
    . ⨬  ⮤  㤥     㣨 
.  ଥ   ᯥ ३ ...   
 ᯥ.
   ,   ⮭ 殢  . ࣠. " ࠧ
ᮢ     .     .
ࠢ쭮,   ࠧ   ⮬ . , ࠢ,    祭
⥭  ⥫  ९뢠  -,    . ஡ 
⮬,   襬 "⮫窥"   ,     
ணࠬ Knight-Tyme  The Hobblt. "
   ⮭, ࠧ  ࠢ,  ᮧ⥫쭮 諨 ⨢
祭, ⨢ , ⨢   "⮫窮". , ᥣ
㧨⮢ ⮣   .   ஢ ,   
筮 १ -  襭  ஬ ᭮묨 ⠭
  ஢ - ADVENTURE, STRATEGY, MANAGEMENT.    ᯮ,
᫨  襬 "⮫窥"  㬭 ।ਭ⥫,   ,
   祭  -   १ .
    - ⮢  ,   ࠢ쭮 , 
ᢠ  ࠢ.  ਤ  ६, 㤥 㦥  㦭
 (    ) .
  Ŀ
   ⥫ "㬭" ,  易  
   ⮭: 195027. .-,।⨭᪨
  ᯥ, . 2 "", . 52.                    
  

                         !  ஦.
                         ---------------------------
   ⥫  . 쪮  . . ᮮ蠥  ⭮ ,
   ⥫ ઠ , 砢  
ணࠬ BLACK RIDER  TOPOSOFT. 1988. ० 祬    ࠡ,
⥫쭮 ஢    ⠢ 䠩.    祬 .
  ⠭ ᪮ ࠡ. ࠡ 室  ﭪ 
  ६.    ⠭  㤭 ࠢ
ࠧ饩 .   ஬  ⮢ ࠧ.  ࢠ
 - ࠭ .  室 ࠯  ५  誨,
   ⨫ ().    ᫥ 㭤㪠 
᮪஢蠬, ᯮ  ࠧ 饭 ࠡ, ⮡  
६    , ⠭ 뢠   ६ ५ 
⮫. । 祣 嫠   㭤㪠     
ᥡ .  ६  ਤ ⡨  ᢮  稭.
᭠ ⥬ ९ ࣨ, ९  ஬,  
஦,  ॡ.
      㭤㪨,  ᠬ  㡥  㤥 
ਧ,   㭤,   ⮣   뢠, 
 ,  冷    㭨쭠  ஢ ᮪஢. 
ᠥ   .. . ணࠬ  㧨 ᫥騩 ஢, 
祭 ⭮, ᫨    ,    ⠪  ணࠬ  諠
ப ࠭.
   ⫨ 쬥 㤠,    ன,  ᨬ
᫠ ᯨ᮪  䠩  㪠   ,  ᫥
 ઠ   ⠭ ⢠ ⮫ 譮
饭.





                                     -44-
             "" - ⥬ 楫 祭.
  ⥬ ⭮  ࠧ ଠ樮-᪮  ࠢ ⥬,
ᯮ塞  ࠨ " 稪".  ⥬ 
㤮⢮ 設⢮ ॡ⥩ ࣠権  㤮 ணࠬ
।⢥  ࠭  ࠡ⪨ ⥪饩 ଠ樨.

                            I.  
  ⥬ ।祭     ஢ ࠡ⪨ 
ଠ樨, 室  襬 ।⨨ ( 襬 ०).
  ਬ:
         - ॣ 室  室 㬥⮢;
         - ॣ 室  室 ⮢஢;
         - ॣ 樥⮢  祡 ०;
         - ॣ   稪
         -  ,  㣮.
  ⥬  㤮⢮ ॡ ⤥ ஢, -
䨭ᮢ ⤥, ⤥ , ࠧ ⨢,
㭨樯  宧⢥ 㦡  . . .  .

                           II.  
  ⥬ :
         -  ଠ    ⢮ ;
         - ᬠਢ ଠ  ࠭ ଠ;
         -  ;
         - ஢ ଠ       
           ᮢ㯭;
         - ந        
           ᮢ㯭;
         - ந쭮     祢 ᮮ⭮襭 
           ;
         -   ଠ (ந  ᥩ,
           㤮⢮      
           ᮮ⭮襭);
         - ᯥ뢠   ࠭ ଠ  ਭ 
           ࠭ ⠢, ࠭ ⮬   ࠭ ଠ;
         -  ࠭ 䠩    ⮬᪮  筮
           ०;
         - ꥤ ;
         - ....    㣮.
  ࠪ᪨  樨,  롮 ଠ ᬮ, 롮 ਥ
   ஢, 롮 祢 ᮮ⭮襭  . . ⮬⨧஢ 
 뢠 㤭⥩  ⮢ 짮⥫. ⥬ 
 , 㤮,  뢠 ⮬ ⥬ ࠢ 6-
蠬, ⠢ ࠤ  ࠡ.
  ᭮ ਭ樯: 짮⥫  ⮫쪮  ଠ  
ࠧ -  ⠫쭮 믮 ⥩訬 롮஬   ୠ⨢
।.
  ᬮ  ,  ᢮ ⥬ ⮢ 짮⥫ 
室  ⨢ ஢,   ਫ ⪠ ,
࠭ ᢮ ⥬  ⠭ .
   ⥬ - 訩 ⢥   ᠬ  ॡ. 
   䥪  ७    ࣠ -
ᯮ ⮩ ⥬.
    ଠ  ய   室  쭥襬 
㣨,   ⥬,  ⮬ ᫥  ࠡ騥   .
   ଠ ࠭  ଠ .DBF,   ᥬ 
ਧ 樠 ⠭⮬.

                            III.  
  ⥬ ⠢   ᪥ 5.25" (MS DOS, 360 ).  쭮
࠭ ⥬ ⠢  襩 ࣠樨.

                           IV.  
  ᪮ ⥬ ᯮ ᮭ쭮 " 稪",  
室  室 ଠ - ७ 㪮⥫ 
      , ਬ:
         1.      - 16 
         2.          - 12 
         3.     - 16 
         4.     -8 
         5. .    - 40 
         6.           - 1 
         ...............................
         5.    - 20 

                                 ᨬ :
  1.   ࠧ   40 . ਬ,   
     ࠧ  3  , , , .
  2.      16 .   ᮪饭ﬨ.
     ਬ:   . .

                          V.   .
  ப ᯮ - 2 - 3  ᫥ 㯫 ।   / 
  ७   .

        VI.    - 
  1.  ⭮-ணࠬ ᮢ⨬  IBM PC XT/AT. 
     㭪樮஢    䨪  ࠭  
     㦤.
  2. 稥 "⪮" ᪠ ("") ⠭⭮ ꥬ.
  3. ᪮  ᪮ 5,25"  3.5"".  ⥬ ⠢ 
        ஢.
  4. 樮 ⥬ - MS DOS   3. 20.
  5. 䨪   ⠭  (஢ ୠ⨢).
  6. ॡ   -  ᯥ, ⥫쭮 - EGA.
  7. ॡ  ਭ - ᮢ⨬  ⠭⮬ EPSON.

                        VII.  
  ࠭⨩ ᢨ⥫⢮  ⠢ ணࠬ த 
⮭ 졮,    ᪥  㪠   ⮩ த.
  ⢨ ⠢ 믮  ७ ࠭⨩ ⠫.

࠭ﬨ ᯥ稢:
         - ᯫ⭠  ⠢ ᪮, ࠡᯮᮡ 
           ﭨ ⠢ ( 祭  ᫥ ⠢);
         -   쭮 ⮩  室 ணࠬ    
           짮⥫ (堭᪮  ஬⭮ ०,
           ࠦ ᮬ  設 짮⥫  . . )  
           祭  ᫥ ⠢. 쭠   ॢ蠥
           ⮨ ᪮ + 5% ⥪饩 ⮨ ணࠬ ᯥ祭 +
           ⮨ ⮢-࠭ᯮ 室  ᮣᮢ뢠 
           ॡ⥫.

                       VIII.   .
  ) ࠢ    쬮   㪠 室
     ணࠬ த  ⢠ . ਫ  ⥦
     祭  ७      .
   : 107241. ᪢. -241, / 37, ""
  ) ந ।⥫  ⥦ 祭   /:
  N 500461778  㭧᪮ ᪮  . ᪢.
    Ŀ
    ⮨ ⥬  ਮ -५ 1992.
            7200 㡫 + 28%                     
    

                         " " 
   ⮬,  ⠪ " "   ஡   N11-12
"ZX-"  1991 .
  ⮨ " "  ⥬ "" ⠢ 
 :
           ணࠬ - 10% * 7200 = 720
         ᪥ -                               100
         ⮢ 室-                         5
         -------------------------------------------
         ⮣                            825 㡫
  塞,  ᮪ ⮨ ᪥ 맢 ⥬,  訬
ਡࠬ ⠢ ᪥ ᮡ ᮪ ⢠  
䫮 ⨥, 騥 ᮡ ।⠢⥫᪨   ᮪
 ⮨.
  ,   ਡ  " "  ⮫쪮
    ॡ. ⨢ ࠡ騬 ਡࠬ
   믫 ᨮ   ⠪ 
।⠢ ᯫ⭮.






